During the initial stage of 700MHz NR construction, 5G terminals penetration is less, which will cause the problem of low spectrum utilization and efficiency. The NR and LTE may share the common ...700MHz band spectrum, which may improve the existing 4G users' experience and the overall system (NR & LTE) efficiency. Dynamic power sharing methodology can be considered for the spectrum sharing process to improve user perception. After 700MHz NR construction and commercialization, it can be considered to couple with the 2.6GHz and 4.9GHz of NR TDD to complement the wide-area coverage, deep indoor coverage, and hotspot capacity of the overall network.
During the evolution from LTE to NR, multi-antenna technology is a key technology to improve the overall system throughput. The multi-antenna technology is an effective means to increase system ...capacity compared with networks extension. The more the antenna arrays are, the narrower the beams become to achieve better isolation and interference control. Based on narrow beams formed by beam-forming, the same spectrum resources are reused in the same geographic area to obtain resource multiplexing gains. Negatively, as the multi-antenna solution, coverage overlapping increases and inter-cell load imbalance occurs accordingly, which is a key problem to be addressed in the network optimization practice.
Policy makers and researchers are tasked with exploring ways to strengthen primary health care (PHC) to address the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aims to use a ...co-design approach (i.e., meaningful involvement of research end users in study planning and design) to develop PHC interventions to improve the management of hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in four study sites in China.
The study adopted a three-step co-design approach, including (1) a two-round Delphi panel with health system and NCD professionals to identify prioritised health system challenges, (2) three co-design workshops (in each study site) with local health administrators, PHC providers, and residents with hypertension and/or T2DM, respectively, to develop interventions and identify factors influencing implementation, and (3) another round of co-design workshops with local health administrators to summarise findings and reach consensus. Qualitative synthesis was conducted to analyse results from the workshops.
Thirteen experts were involved in the two-round Delphi panel, which identified three prioritised health system challenges, including limited capacities of PHC providers, suboptimal service quality and evaluation mechanisms, and unreliable health information systems. The co-design workshops involved 116 local stakeholders in 16 sessions (four in each site), and developed three groups of interventions to address the challenges: (1) empowering PHC providers through on-the-job training for capacity building; (2) empowering patient communities through health education on healthy lifestyles and NCD self-management; and (3) empowering health administrators through local health data monitoring and strengthening governance for local PHC programs. Site-specific interventions were also considered to cater for different local contexts. Several recommendations were further identified for the implementation of these interventions, emphasising the importance of local customisation, community participation, and cross-sectoral collaborations.
By engaging multiple stakeholders in priority setting and solution generation, this study summarised several key areas for change in health workforce, service delivery, and health information. Future research should examine the effectiveness and implementation of these interventions to improve NCD management in PHC in China.
This study is funded by National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases funding (APP1169757) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (72074065). Shangzhi Xiong is supported by University of New South Wales tuition fee scholarship.
The paper aims to design and prepare rhubarb free anthraquinones (RhA) loaded solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) to improve RhA's solubility and physical stability of RhA ...loaded nano emulsion. Suitable adsorbents of pre-concentrated RhA loaded nano emulsion were selected based on saturated adsorption capacity, flowability and reconsitution properties. The possible interactions among RhA, adsorbents and other excipients were investigated using powder X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. RhA loaded SNEDDS tablets were designed and optimized using central composite design. In vitro dissolution, pharmacokinetics and stress stability were comparatively conducted to validate the advantages of RhA loaded SNEDDS tablets. No chemical interactions existed between the main materials. The optimal RhA loaded SNEDDS tablet formulation consisted of 1:1(w/w) Neusilin US2/pre-concentrated RhA loaded nanoemulsion, 5.0% (w/w) PVPP, 1% (w/w) Mg stearate. More than 90% RhA released from RhA loaded SNEDDS tablets while less than 10% were released from control tablets within 360 min. RhA in the SNEDDS tablets showed much improved absorption in comparison to control tablets. The percentage contents of RhA in the SNEDDS tablets were decreased more slowly than in RhA loaded nanoemlusion under stress conditions. The current study suggests that RhA loaded SNEDDS tablets could be an effective approach to improve RhA's solubility, bioavailability and physical stability of RhA loaded nanoemulsion.
A solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system based on pre-concentrated RhA loaded nanoemulsion (RhA loaded SNEDDS tablets) was successfully prepared and evaluated. As we wished, RhA loaded SNEDDS tablets can effectively enhance the in vitro dissolution rate of RhA in simulated biological fluids and oral bioavailability in experimental rabbits, also improve the stability of RhA in liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (RhA loaded nanoemulsion). Display omitted
This paper presents a Bacterial Swarm Algorithm (BSA) to control the drug release in the process of targeting drug delivery by multi-nanorobots cooperation. On one hand, the algorithm can control the ...number of nanorobots at the target area. Based on the principle of bacteria quorum sensing, the number of nanorobots at the target area is judged by themselves with the help of a chemical substance called AI released by the nanorobots. If the concentration of AI achieves a certain threshold, the nanorobots will leave the target by chemotactic operation, which prevents the blockage of blood vessels. On the other hand, the drug molecular weight released by the nanorobots can be adjusted by the algorithm, so the drug concentration is controlled effectively. The feasibility of the proposed BSA has been verified by simulation results.
Two nano-material-containing azo groups have been designed and developed, and the binding ability of nano-materials with various amino acids has been characterized by UV–vis and fluorescence ...titrations. Results indicated that two nano-materials showed the strongest binding ability for homocysteine among twenty normal kinds of amino acids (alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine, glycine, serine, threonine, asparagine, phenylalanine, histidine, tryptophan, proline, lysine, glutamine, tyrosine and homocysteine). The reason for the high sensitivity for homocysteine was that two nano-materials containing an aldehyde group reacted with SH in homocysteine and afforded very stable thiazolidine derivatives. Theoretical investigation further illustrated the possible binding mode in host–guest interaction and the roles of molecular frontier orbitals in molecular interplay. Thus, the two nano-materials can be used as optical sensors for the detection of homocysteine.
•The nano-structures of new azo derivatives have been obtained.•New compounds showed the strong binding ability for homocysteine.•The host–guest interaction was studied by theoretical investigation.
Inductive effect of methyl jasmonate on tobacco resistance to cucumber mosaic virus Shi Jinge, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou(China),College of Agronomy; Yin Quanyu, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou(China),College of Agronomy; Yang Tiezhao, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou(China),College of Agronomy
Gansu nong ye da xue xue bao,
20/Oct., Letnik:
44, Številka:
5
Journal Article
用1 g・L. 1茉莉酸甲酯（MJ）处理小十字期烟草幼苗,烟苗移栽后长至10片真叶时再用相同浓度MJ处理一次,并接种烟草黄瓜花叶病毒,研究茉莉酸甲酯对烟草黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）的诱导效应.结果表明：接种CMV后21 ...d,MJ处理烟株的病情显著低于对照,诱导效果达到43.24%;MJ处理提高了烟草幼苗叶片内的过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶及超氧化物歧化酶的活性和过氧化氢的含量;而接种CMV后,MJ处理烟株叶片过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性下降,过氧化物酶活性增强,过氧化氢含量明显升高.著者文摘
Tobacco seedlings in cross period were sprayed with 1 g・L. 1 methyl jasmonate（MJ）,ten-leaf tobacco plants,after being transplanted,were treated with the same treatment,and inoculated with cucumber mosaic virus（CMV）,then the effects of MJ on resistance induction were studied.The results revealed that：21 d after inoculated with CMV,the disease indexes of tobacco plants treated with MJ was lower than CK,the inductiive effect was 43.24 %;The activities of POD,CAT,SOD,and the content of H2O2 in tobacco leaves increased under MJ treatment;After the tobacco plants were inoculated with CMV,the activities of CAT and SOD decreased,the activity of POD and the content of H2O2 increased.
All living organisms and ecosystems are permanently exposed to ionizing radiation. Of all the types of ionizing radiation, heavy ions such as
Fe have the potential to cause the most severe biological ...effects. We therefore examined the effects and potential mechanisms of iron ion irradiation on the induction of developmental toxicity and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos at 4h post-fertilization (hpf) were divided into five groups: a control group; and four groups irradiated with 0.5, 1, 2, and 4Gy radiation, respectively. Mortality and teratogenesis were significantly increased, and spontaneous movement, heart rate, and swimming distance were decreased in the irradiated groups, accompanied by increased apoptosis. mRNA levels of genes involved in the apoptotic pathway, including p53, bax, bcl-2, and caspase-3, were significantly affected by radiation exposure. Moreover, protein expression levels of P53 and Bcl-2 changed in accordance with the corresponding mRNA expression levels. In addition, we detected the protein expression levels of γ-H2AX, which is a biomarker for radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks, and found that γ-H2AX protein levels were significantly increased in the irradiated groups. Overall, the results of this study improve our understanding of the mechanisms of iron ion radiation-induced developmental toxicity and apoptosis, potentially involving the induction of DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. The findings of this study may aid future impact assessment of environmental radioactivity in fish.
The "soft reading" of the medical image has showed a greater advantage than traditional film light-box reading. However, because of the hardware configuration of different display devices and the ...diversity of medical image processing software parameters settings, the same medical image tends to produce different presentative results. This paper implements medical image consistent presentation using the Consistent Presentation of Images (CPI) integrated model in IHE technical framework. A platform for medical image displaying and processing is built. Based on this platform, we can load the softcopy presentation state and parse the parameters which are used for correlative image in presentation state respectively.
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