In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of apple polyphenols (AP, Appjfnol) against CCl4-induced acute liver damage in Kunming mice as well as the possible mechanisms were investigated. Mice were ...treated with AP (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg, ig) for seven consecutive days prior to the administration of CCl4 (0.1%, intraperitoneally). The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations in the hepatic homogenate, and histopathological changes in mouse liver sections were determined. Levels of ferrous sulfate-l-cysteine (FeSO4-l-Cys)-induced lipid peroxidation and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were also determined in vitro. AP significantly prevented the increase in serum ALT and AST levels in acute liver injury induced by CCl4 and produced a marked amelioration in the histopathological hepatic lesions coupled to weight loss. The extent of MDA formation was reduced; the SOD activity was enhanced, and the GSH concentration was increased in the hepatic homogenate in AP-treated groups compared with the CCl4-intoxicated group. AP also exhibited antioxidant effects on FeSO4-l-Cys-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate and DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. These results indicate that AP has a significant protective effect against acute hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in mice, which may be due to its free radical scavenging effect, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and its ability to increase antioxidant activity.
The normalization of epidemic prevention and control has exacerbated nurses' physical and mental stresses. The important role of physical activity in relieving nurses' physical and mental stresses ...has received extensive attention from researchers in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of physical activity on the regulatory emotional self-efficacy, resilience, and emotional intelligence of nurses and explain their interactions. The present study adopted the cluster sampling method. From April to May 2022, a total of 500 nurses in six municipal hospitals in Changsha City were selected. Finally, 402 valid data samples were obtained. Afterward, AMOS 23.0 (by maximum likelihood estimation) was used to process the collected data and analyze the proposed hypotheses by using 5,000 bootstrap samples to test the mediating effects of the structural equation model. The results demonstrated that there are positive correlations between physical activity and resilience (standardized coefficients = 0.232,
< 0.001), resilience and regulatory emotional self-efficacy (standardized coefficients = 0.449,
< 0.001), and emotional intelligence and regulatory emotional self-efficacy (standardized coefficients = 0.330,
< 0.001). The positive influence of physical activity on emotional regulation self-efficacy is completely mediated by emotional intelligence and resilience (standardized indirect effect = 0.237,
< 0.01), and this explanatory power is far higher than any previous study (
= 0.49). The positive emotions generated by an individual's physical activity have an important explanatory role for individuals who want to establish more emotional regulation self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, and psychological resilience.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease which is characterized by aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau. We previously reported that ...pseudoginsenoside-F11 (PF11), an ocotillol-type saponin, improved cognitive function and reduced Aβ aggregation in APP/PS1 mice, a familial AD model. Here, we chose senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, a widely used model of aging, to investigate the effect of PF11 on sporadic AD. PF11 was orally administered to male 6-month-old SAMP8 mice for 3 months. Consistent with previous studies, SAMP8 mice showed several AD-type pathologies including cognitive impairment, Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. We found increased protein levels of cytoplasmic amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) in the hippocampus and cortex of SAMP8 mice. The protein level of demethylated protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) was elevated in SAMP8 animals and the protein level of leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (LCMT-1) was reduced. PF11 attenuated learning and memory impairments in the novel object recognition test and Morris water maze. PF11 promoted the transport of APP from cytoplasm to plasma membrane and decreased the abnormally high expression of BACE1 in hippocampus and cortex of SAMP8 mice. The elevated protein level of demethylated PP2A and the reduced expression of LCMT-1 in hippocampus and cortex of SAMP8 were also attenuated by PF11. Together, our findings indicate that PF11 has beneficial effects on AD-like pathological changes in SAMP8 mice and may act by inhibiting amyloidogenic processing of APP and attenuating tau hyperphosphorylation.
Mounting attention has been focused on defects in macroautophagy/autophagy and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in cerebral ischemia. TFEB (transcription factor EB)-mediated induction of ALP has ...been recently considered as the common mechanism in ameliorating the pathological lesion of myocardial ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we explored the vital role of TFEB in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO)-mediated dysfunction of ALP and ischemic insult in rats. The results showed that ALP function was first enhanced in the early stage of the ischemic process, especially in neurons of the cortex, and this was accompanied by increased TFEB expression and translocation to the nucleus, which was mediated at least in part through activation by PPP3/calcineurin. At the later stages of ischemia, a gradual decrease in the level of nuclear TFEB was coupled with a progressive decline in lysosomal activity, accumulation of autophagosomes and autophagy substrates, and exacerbation of the ischemic injury. Notably, neuron-specific overexpression of TFEB significantly enhanced ALP function and rescued the ischemic damage, starting as early as 6 h and even lasting to 48 h after ischemia. Furthermore, neuron-specific knockdown of TFEB markedly reversed the activation of ALP and further aggravated the neurological deficits and ischemic outcome at the early stage of pMCAO. These results highlight neuronal-targeted TFEB as one of the key players in the pMCAO-mediated dysfunction of ALP and ischemic injury, and identify TFEB as a promising target for therapies aimed at neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia.
Abbreviations: AAV, adeno-associated virus; AIF1/IBA1, allograft inflammatory factor 1; ALP, autophagy-lysosomal pathway; CQ, chloroquine; CTSB, cathepsin B; CTSD, cathepsin D; CsA, cyclosporin A; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; LAMP, lysosomal-associated membrane protein; LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2; mNSS, modified Neurological Severity Score; MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; OGD, oxygen and glucose deprivation; pMCAO, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion; RBFOX3/NeuN, RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3; SQSTM1, sequestosome1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TTC, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride.
CDH13 (cadherin 13) is a special cadherin cell adhesion molecule, and the methylation of its promoter causes inactivation in a considerable number of human cancers. To explore the association between ...CDH13 promoter methylation and breast cancer risk and prognosis, we systematically integrated published articles to investigate the diagnostic performance of the CDH13 methylation test for breast cancer. An independent DNA methylation microarray dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA) project was used to validate the results of the meta-analysis.
The relevant literature was searched using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases for articles published in English up to May 2015. Data were analyzed using random effect or fixed effect models. The effect sizes were estimated by measuring an odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). A chi-squared based Q test and sensitivity analysis were performed to examine the between-study heterogeneity and the contribution of single studies to the final results, respectively. Funnel plots were constructed to evaluate publication bias.
Seven hundred and twenty-six breast tumor samples and 422 controls were collected from 13 published studies. The data from the TCGA set include both tumor and normal samples. A significant association was observed between CDH13 promoter methylation and breast cancer, with an aggregated OR equal to 13.73 (95%CI: 8.09~23.31, z = 9.70, p<0.0001) as measured using the fixed effect model and 14.23 (95%CI: 5.06~40.05, z = 5.03, p<0.0001) as measured using a random effect model. The HR values were calculated as 0.77 (95%CI: 0.27~2.21, z = -0.49, p = 0.622) and 0.38 (95%CI: 0.09~1.69, z = -1.27, p = 0.20) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), respectively, using the random effect model. This result indicated that breast cancer patients with CDH13 promoter methylation correlated non-significantly with prognosis and is therefore similar to the findings of the TCGA project.
The methylation status of CDH13 promoter was strongly associated with breast cancer risk. However, CDH13 promoter methylation was not significantly related to the OS and DFS of breast cancer and may have limited prognostic value for breast cancer patients.
Emotional eating not only contributes to physical obesity but also leads to the experience of guilt and shame, exacerbating emotional problems. Increasing physical activity, adopting a balanced diet, ...and seeking psychological support help improve emotional eating issues in overweight or obese young adults, enhancing overall mental and physical well-being.
This study investigates the correlation between physical activity, self-identity, social anxiety, and emotional eating among 373 overweight and obese college students aged 18-26 in central China. By utilizing AMOS v.26, a structural equation model was constructed to examine the hypotheses.
The findings reveal that physical activity significantly influences self-identity and social anxiety, which, in turn, significantly impact emotional eating. Moreover, self-identity and social anxiety serve as mediators in the relationship between physical activity and emotional eating. These results emphasize the role of physical activity in mitigating emotional eating among young individuals struggling with overweight and obesity.
Consequently, the government and relevant agencies are urged to address the issue of obesity among young adults and provide support for their engagement in physical activity.
Most matrix reconstruction methods assume that missing entries randomly distribute in the incomplete matrix, and the low-rank prior or its variants are used to well pose the problem. However, in ...practical applications, missing entries are structurally rather than randomly distributed, and cannot be handled by the rank minimization prior individually. To remedy this, this paper introduces new matrix reconstruction models using double priors on the latent matrix, named Reweighted Low-rank and Sparsity Priors (ReLaSP). In the proposed ReLaSP models, the matrix is regularized by a low-rank prior to exploit the inter-column and inter-row correlations, and its columns (rows) are regularized by a sparsity prior under a dictionary to exploit intra-column (-row) correlations. Both the low-rank and sparse priors are reweighted on the fly to promote low-rankness and sparsity, respectively. Numerical algorithms to solve our ReLaSP models are derived via the alternating direction method under the augmented Lagrangian multiplier framework. Results on synthetic data, image restoration tasks, and seismic data interpolation show that the proposed ReLaSP models are quite effective in recovering matrices degraded by highly structural missing and various types of noise, complementing the classic matrix reconstruction models that handle random missing only.
Multiple kernel clustering (MKC), which performs kernel-based data fusion for data clustering, is an emerging topic. It aims at solving clustering problems with multiple cues. Most MKC methods ...usually extend existing clustering methods with a multiple kernel learning (MKL) setting. In this paper, we propose a novel MKC method that is different from those popular approaches. Centered kernel alignment—an effective kernel evaluation measure—is employed in order to unify the two tasks of clustering and MKL into a single optimization framework. To solve the formulated optimization problem, an efficient two-step iterative algorithm is developed. Experiments on several UCI datasets and face image datasets validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our MKC algorithm.
•We explore a new way to construct MKC methods, viz. kernel-evaluation-based MKC.•A MKC method based on centered kernel alignment (CKA) is proposed.•CKA unifies the tasks of clustering and MKL into an optimization problem.•A two-step iterative algorithm is developed to solve the problem efficiently.•Clustering experiments on UCI and face datasets show the effectiveness of our method.
With the significant increase in the scale of energy storage configuration in wind farms, improving the smoothing capability and utilization of energy storage has become a key focus. Therefore, a ...wind power fluctuation smoothing control strategy is proposed for battery energy storage systems (BESSs), considering the state of charge (SOC). First, a BESS smoothing wind power fluctuation system model based on model predictive control (MPC) is constructed. The objective function aims to minimize the deviation of grid-connected power from the target power and the deviation of the BESS’s remaining capacity from the ideal value by comprehensively considering the smoothing effect and the SOC. Second, when the wind power’s grid-connected power exceeds the allowable fluctuation value, the weight coefficients in the objective function are adjusted in real time using the first layer of fuzzy control rules combined with SOC partitioning. This approach smooths wind power fluctuations while preventing overcharging and overdischarging of the BESS. When the grid-connected power is within the allowable fluctuation range, the charging and discharging power of the BESS is further refined using a second layer of fuzzy control rules. This enhances the BESS’s capability and utilization for smoothing future wind power fluctuations by preemptively charging and discharging. Finally, the proposed control strategy is simulated using MATLAB R2021b with actual operational data from a wind farm as a case study. Compared to the traditional MPC control method, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively controls the SOC within a reasonable range, prevents the SOC from entering the dead zone, and enhances the BESS’s ability to smooth wind power fluctuations.
•Peel browning in ‘Nanguo’ pears was alleviated by Glycine betaine.•Alleviation of peel browning was related to phenol and sugar metabolisms.•Changes in enzyme activities and levels of gene were ...studied.
Long-term cold storage can postpone the senescence and preserve the quality of postharvest ‘Nanguo’ pear fruit. However, peel browning (PB), which is deemed to be a symptom of chilling injury (CI), usually develops after the fruit are transferred to shelf life at room temperature. In this study, the effect of glycine betaine (GB) treatment (10 mmol L−1 for 10 min) on PB, as well as on phenylpropanoid and soluble sugar metabolisms of pear fruit was investigated. The results showed that GB treatment effectively delayed the occurrence of PB by 6 d after cold storage for 120 d, and significantly inhibited the browning index in fruit by more than 35% during the 15 d of shelf life. Enzymes activities and genes expression levels related to phenylpropanoid metabolism were increased after GB treatment, which resulted in the increase of total phenols and flavonoids content. Moreover, higher sucrose content, and lower fructose and glucose content were observed in GB-treated fruit, which was concomitant with increased activities and genes expression levels of sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), as well as decreased activities and genes expression levels of invertase. The results showed that the development of PB in cold-stored ‘Nanguo’ pears was closely related to phenylpropanoid and soluble sugar metabolisms. GB treatment could alleviate PB by ways of regulating phenylpropanoid and soluble sugar metabolisms, as well as by sustaining higher levels of phenolic and sucrose content. Therefore, exogenous GB treatment could be an effective method to alleviate PB of ‘Nanguo’ pear fruit during cold storage.