In this paper, yarn dynamic behavior in the ring spinning system has been studied. A new model has been proposed by considering nonlinear elastic yarn. Equations of motion were derived by Newton’s ...second law and resolved by the finite difference method. Some results were given and relationships among models of inextensible yarn, linear elastic yarn, and nonlinearly elastic yarn were discussed. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed model in terms of yarn tension and balloon profile and a good agreement has been made between the predicted data and experimental results.
Among all the stromal cells that present in the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant and critical components of the tumor mesenchyme, which not ...only provide physical support for tumor cells but also play a key role in promoting and retarding tumorigenesis in a context-dependent manner. CAFs have also been involved in the modulation of many components of the immune system, and recent studies have revealed their roles in immune evasion and poor responses to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the tumorigenic significance, origin, and heterogeneity of CAFs, as well as the roles of different CAFs subtypes in distinct immune cell types. More importantly, we highlight potential therapeutic strategies that target CAFs to unleash the immune system against the tumor.
The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has burdened an unprecedented psychological stress on the front-line medical staff, who are at high risk of depression. While existing studies and ...theories suggest that factors such as gratitude, social support, and hope play a role in the risk of depression, few studies have combined these factors to explore the relationship between them.
This study examined the mediating roles of social support and hope in the relationship between gratitude and depression among front-line medical staff during the pandemic of COVID-19.
This study used the Gratitude Questionnaire, the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the State Hope Scale (SHS), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale to examine the gratitude, social support, hope, and depression among 344 front-line medical workers in Wuhan, which was the hardest-hit area of COVID-19 in China.
The results showed that the prevalence of mild depressive disorder was 40.12% and the prevalence of major depressive disorder was 9.59% among front-line medical staff during the pandemic of COVID-19; gratitude has a direct and negative effect on depression. Gratitude was negative predictors of depression through the mediating variables of social support and hope β
= -0.096, 95%CI(-0.129 to -0.064); β
= -0.034, 95%CI(-0.055 to -0.013), as well as via an indirect path from social support to hope β
= -0.089, 95%CI (-0.108 to -0.070).
The study findings indicate that gratitude as a positive emotion can reduce depression in medical staff by promoting social support and hope, respectively. Gratitude also reduced depression in health care workers through a chain mediating effect of social support and hope. Overall, gratitude can directly foster social support and hope, and protect people from stress and depression, which has implications for clinical interventions among front-line medical staff during the pandemic of COVID-19.
Somatic copy number variations (CNV) may drive cancer progression through both coding and noncoding transcripts. However, noncoding transcripts resulting from CNV are largely unknown, especially for ...circular RNAs. By integrating bioinformatics analyses of alerted circRNAs and focal CNV in lung adenocarcinoma, we identify a proto-oncogenic circular RNA (circPRKCI) from the 3q26.2 amplicon, one of the most frequent genomic aberrations in multiple cancers. circPRKCI was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, in part due to amplification of the 3q26.2 locus, and promoted proliferation and tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. circPRKCI functioned as a sponge for both miR-545 and miR-589 and abrogated their suppression of the protumorigenic transcription factor
Intratumor injection of cholesterol-conjugated siRNA specifically targeting circPRKCI inhibited tumor growth in a patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma xenograft model. In summary, circPRKCI is crucial for tumorigenesis and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
These findings reveal high expression of the circular RNA circPRKCI drives lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis.
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Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) has been one of the bacteria affecting the large-scale swine industry. Lack of an effective vaccine has limited control of the disease, which has an effect on ...prevalence. In order to improve the cross-protection of vaccines, development on subunit vaccines has become a hot spot. In this study, we firstly cloned the lpxC and gmhA genes from G. parasuis serotype 13 isolates, and expressed and purified their proteins. The results showed that LpxC and GmhA can stimulate mice to produce IgG antibodies. Through testing the cytokine levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-10 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), it is found that recombinant GmhA, the mixed LpxC and GmhA can stimulate the body to produce Th1 and Th2 immune responses, while recombinant LpxC and inactivated bacteria can only produce Th2 immune responses. On the protection rate for mice, recombinant LpxC, GmhA and the mixture of LpxC and GmhA can provide 50%, 50% and 60% protection for lethal dose of G. parasuis infection, respectively. The partial protection achieved by the recombinant LpxC and GmhA supports their potential as novel vaccine candidate antigens against G. parasuis.
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the key component of tumor stromal. High heterogeneity of CAFs reflects in their origin, phenotype and function. Biological function which can be ...suggested by biomarkers of distinct CAF subgroups may be different, even opposite, just like water and fire. Identifying CAF subpopulations expressing different biomarkers and reconciling the relationship of the “water and fire” among distinct CAF subsets may be a breakthrough in tumor therapy. Herein, we briefly summarize the biomarkers commonly used or newly identified for distinct CAFs in terms of their features and potential clinical benefits.
The Dahutang tungsten deposit, located in the Yangtze Block, South China, is one of the largest tungsten deposits in the world. Tungsten mineralization is closely related to Mesozoic granitic ...plutons. A drill core through a pluton in the Dalingshang ore block in the Central segment of the Dahutang tungsten deposit shows that the pluton is characterized by multi-stage intrusive phases including biotite granite, muscovite granite, and Li-mica granite. The granites are strongly peraluminous and rich in P and F. Decreasing bulk-rock (La/Yb)N ratios and total rare earth element (ΣREE) concentrations from the biotite granite to muscovite granite and Li-mica granite suggest an evolution involving the fractional crystallization of plagioclase. Bulk-rock Li, Rb, Cs, P, Sn, Nb, and Ta contents increase with decreasing Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta ratios, denoting that the muscovite granite and Li-mica granite have experienced a higher degree of magmatic fractionation than the biotite granite. In addition, the muscovite and Li-mica granites show M-type lanthanide tetrad effect, which indicates hydrothermal alteration during the post-magmatic stage. The micas are classified as lithian biotite and muscovite in the biotite granite, muscovite in the muscovite granite, and Li-muscovite and lepidolite in the Li-mica granite. The Li, F, Rb, and Cs contents of micas increase, while FeOT, MgO, and TiO2 contents decrease with increasing degree of magmatic fractionation. Micas in the muscovite granite and Li-mica granite exhibit compositional zonation in which Si, Rb, F, Fe, and Li increase, and Al decreases gradually from core to mantle, consistent with magmatic differentiation. However, the outermost rim contains much lower contents of Si, Rb, F, Fe, and Li, and higher Al than the mantle domains due to metasomatism in the presence of fluids. The variability in W contents of the micas matches the variability in Li, F, Rb, and Cs contents, indicating that both the magmatic and hydrothermal evolutions were closely associated with W mineralization in the Dahutang deposit. The chemical zoning of muscovite and Li-micas not only traces the processes of W enrichment by magmatic differentiation and volatiles but also traces the leaching of W by the fluids. Therefore, micas are indicators not only for the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of granite, but also for tungsten mineralization.
The cascade failure problem has gained an increasing interest in urban road traffic network. Considering the intrinsic characteristics of urban traffic network, the traffic load has its specific ...regularity and traffic driving has certain preferences, this paper introduces the average distance and the state change time of road junction. Using the weighted method to combine the two aspects, a trust value model is got to measure the road congestion. Then in order to avoid the congestion of the failed road junction again in a short time, the multiple overload of the failed road junction is redistributed according to the trust value model. Finally, the cascade failure model is obtained. The cascade failure model is verified in scale-free network and random network. The joint parameters of load threshold and load allocation factor that can control the cascade failure scale in a certain range are obtained, which improves the robustness of the networks.
The present study focuses on the refutatory wh-sentences in Chinese. The main idea is two-fold. First, contrary to the previous accounts arguing for the interrogative nature of refutatory sentences, ...we argue that refutatory wh-sentences exclude the interrogative force and should be distinguished from rhetorical questions accordingly. Second, we will show that all wh-words bearing the refutatory interpretation should occur as adjuncts, which are syntactically placed in the left periphery. Two subtypes of refutatory wh-adjuncts, namely, propositional refutatory wh-adjuncts and modal refutatory wh-adjuncts, are further classified in this study. The former is semantically akin to the pure negator bu, while the latter semantically relates to modality.
With the demand of a sustainable, wearable, environmentally friendly energy source, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) were developed. TENG is a promising method to convert mechanical energy from ...motion into electrical energy. The combination of textile and TENG successfully enables wearable, self-driving electronics and sensor systems. As the primary unit of textiles, fiber and yarn become the focus of research in designing of textile-TENGs. In this review, we introduced the preparation, structure, and design strategy of fiber/yarn TENGs in recent research. We discussed the structure design and material selection of fiber/yarn TENGs according to the different functions it realizes. The fabrication strategy of fiber/yarn TENGs into textile-TENG are provided. Finally, we summarize the main applications of existing textile TENGs and give forward prospects for their subsequent development.
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