Programs and educational practices that enable gifted students to conduct science activities and develop themselves in engineering fields are rapidly increasing in Malaysia. One of them is the ...science camp to improve STEM skills. This study investigates the effectiveness of science camp (Junior Science Camp) towards young children’s understanding and knowledge about science. One hundred and three children aged four to six years old participated in the three-day camp. Mixed research model was used in this research. Data were collected by Junior Science Camp Scientist Test (JSCST) as pre and post-test, parent evaluation of the camp. Questions in the pre and post-test wereon the content in the five camp modules: I am an engineer, I am a scientist, I am a chemist, I am a forensic scientist, and I am a natural scientist. Data from the open-ended question in the survey (parent evaluation) were used to triangulate the quantitative data from the pre and post-test. Findings showed that the camp was effective in enhancing the young children’s (preschoolers’) understanding about science and increasing their knowledge about science and STEM fields. Implications of this study are related to the design of future science camps and also the methodology and instruments of future research.
Lung malignancy is one of the prominent causes of cancer death worldwide. However, the treatment and diagnosis of various lung cancer becoming increasingly challenging. Currently, several types of ...treatments and/or diagnostic methods are used to treat lung diseases. One of the reasons for the higher mortality was the uptake of anticancer agents by normal cells. Lung cancer has complicated pathogenesis that includes multiple signaling pathways that can be used to target malignant cells. Onco-receptors such as epidermal growth factor (EGFR) receptor, integrins, transferrin (TFR) receptor, folate receptor (FR), and the cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) receptors are augmented on the surface proteins of malignant cells, and many other receptors may be exploited for the inhibition of pathways. Further cancer-borne immunological targets may assist as a marked spot to regulate cell-specific pathways. Nanotechnology has been intensively investigated in healthcare as technological advancement. Multiple nano-based systems are employed to improve lung cancer identification methods and treatment efficacy when compared to standard delivery methods. To resolve complex lung barriers and boost the therapeutic effect while limiting systemic side effects, nanoparticles are transported to the lungs, appropriate therapeutic medicines are loaded, and intelligent functionalities are incorporated. This article gives the various signaling pathways to target lung malignant and also the development of the latest nanotechnology drug distribution stratagems in recent years and studies the medical application worth of nanomedicine for the treatment of lung cancer.
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This paper focuses on parent-student relationship, student's development, and social skill. Using random sampling method, around 65 students age 18-19 years old will be given two types of ...questionnaires to measure the social skill and parent-student development. The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between parent-student relationship and social skills. Roughly observed, student that practices a good relationship with their parents tends to stand out more in public and have good social skills. As a conclusion, this research is to prove the hypothesis which is a good parent-student relationship result in a good student's development in social skills and to prove that there is a relationship between student's development in social skills and student's relationship with parents.
Service-learning in the Malaysia context is a course-based, credit-bearing education experience in which students participate in a structured service learning activity that meets academic and ...societal demands (Balakrishnan et al., 2022). Service-learning is a method of community engagement that is enriching students and empowering the community. This study discusses the findings of service-learning via volunteerism for the community by pre-university students. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of service-learning via community volunteer programmes on the students who enrolled in the Critical Analysis of Current Issues course at the pre-university level. A mixed methods approach was used in the research design, whereby participants’ responses to their level of comprehension, level of knowledge, level of social responsibility, level of personal development, and level of academic achievement related to their involvement in community volunteer programmes were assessed with a pre- and post-test questionnaire. Document analysis of participants’ reflections of their experiences conducting the community volunteer programmes was also conducted. Responses were analysed to identify key themes and subthemes. The findings reveal that the mean for their level of comprehension, personal development, and academic achievement was high for both the pre- and post-test. The mean for their level of comprehension, knowledge, social responsibility, personal development, and academic achievement was higher in the post-test. The mean for their level of knowledge and social responsibility was at a medium level for the pre-test. However, this was at a high level in the post-test. This shows that the participants showed significant improvement in their knowledge and social responsibility from involvement in voluntary programmes. Finally, recommendations for youth empowerment in becoming involved in community volunteer programmes were highlighted.
Historically, gait analysis has been performed through visual observation or assisted by tools such as wearable sensors, motion capture systems, and force plates. However, the accuracy of visual ...observation can be affected by the subjective judgment and experience of clinicians, and instrumented gait analysis requires trained operators to achieve precise results. In recent years, deep learning technology has advanced, and researchers have turned their attention towards deep learning-based pose estimation models, which have shown promise in assessing walking and running gait with encouraging outcomes. However, although markerless gait analysis based on pose estimation has potential, it is usually confined to the sagittal plane and is not suitable for use in a clinical or home setting. This research proposes a new method for analyzing gait in the frontal plane using pose estimation models such as OpenPose, YOLOv7 Pose, and MediaPipe Pose and a single camera. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the reliability of these models for frontal plane gait analysis by comparing them to the widely accepted 3D Vicon motion capture system. Additionally, the study aims to determine the best pose estimation model for automated gait analysis in the frontal plane. The MediaPipe Pose model was found to be the best model for frontal gait assessment due to its moderate inference speed (17.58 fps) and strongest correlation of gait outcomes with the Vicon motion capture system (r: 0.924, ICC(2,1): 0.919).
Kidney stones or also known as nephrolithiasis is the hard stones that usually begins as tiny crystals found in the kidney. The aim of this study is to identify the common age and gender in ...developing kidney stones. The methods used to collect the age and gender data are via patients with nephrolithiasis who are admitted in the hospital as well as from the database of the hospital. The findings demonstrate that the peak age for the occurrence of kidney stones is from 30 to 69 years old. Meanwhile, the male patient with nephrolithiasis is higher compared to the females.
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