This paper presents a novel compact scatterer structure for a passive chipless wireless temperature threshold sensor. The structure is based on a single C-scatterer with multiple embedded slots; each ...slot forms a sub-scatterer dedicated to resonating in one regulated band. This structure has the advantage of increasing the data capacity without increasing the number of scatterers, which results in a more compact sensor size. The sensing principle is based on the detuning of the resonance frequency peaks of the backscattered signal from the slotted scatterer due to temperature variations. For the first time, this work demonstrates the design of a passive chipless sensor while at the same time respecting the conventional radio frequency (RF) emission regulations. The sensor only exploits the allowed bands: European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM). Sensitivity measurement results show sensitive characteristics in the order of 10−4 GHz/°C in accordance with the theoretical predictions.
A novel dual-band ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor tag, designed to operate on metallic surfaces, is proposed. This particular UHF RFID sensor tag is capable of ...operating in both the main RFID frequency bands of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the Federal Communication Commission (FCC). The dual-band operation of the UHF RFID sensor tag is based on a very simple concept; by flipping the UHF RFID sensor tag on a metallic surface, it can operate either in the ETSI or FCC RFID frequency bands. The impedance and radiation characteristics of the UHF RFID sensor tag are presented with an extensive analysis of the effects of the metallic surface on the UHF RFID sensor tag. In addition, an equivalent model of the UHF RFID sensor tag, which includes the effects of the metallic surface on the sensor tag, is proposed. The UHF RFID sensor tag has a small form factor and presents a satisfying read range of around 3 m for both the operating frequency bands in a metallic environment as well as a read range of 1.4 m when operating in free space.
This paper aims to present a further exploration on a new concept regarding the operation of an ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor tag. Exploiting the antenna of a ...UHF RFID tag as a temperature transducer and a UHF RFID chip with self-tuning capabilities as the means of communication, a UHF RFID tag can operate as a very low-power sensor with high read range and small size. The antenna of the tag is taking advantage of the intrinsic characteristics of the used substrate to vary its overall complex impedance according to temperature. These changes of the impedance of the antenna are leading the self-tuning circuit of the used RFID chip to self-tune and based on the value it acquires an estimation of the sensed temperature can be made. This paper also reports a design and a set of measurements of a UHF RFID tag transformed to act as a temperature sensor. This concept is further explored for the assessment of the contribution of each of the constituents of the UHF RFID tag, i.e., antenna and UHF RFID chip, to the sensing procedure. This paper is accompanied by the simulation of a designed 3-D model of the UHF RFID sensor tag and by sets of measurement of the impedances of the UHF RFID chip and of the antenna.
A novel dual-band ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor tag, designed to operate on metallic surfaces, is proposed. This particular UHF RFID sensor tag is capable of ...operating in both the main RFID frequency bands of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the Federal Communication Commission (FCC). The dual-band operation of the UHF RFID sensor tag is based on a very simple concept; by flipping the UHF RFID sensor tag on a metallic surface, it can operate either in the ETSI or FCC RFID frequency bands. The impedance and radiation characteristics of the UHF RFID sensor tag are presented with an extensive analysis of the effects of the metallic surface on the UHF RFID sensor tag. In addition, an equivalent model of the UHF RFID sensor tag, which includes the effects of the metallic surface on the sensor tag, is proposed. The UHF RFID sensor tag has a small form factor and presents a satisfying read range of around 3 m for both the operating frequency bands in a metallic environment as well as a read range of 1.4 m when operating in free space.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors are increasingly recognized as the way for achieving smart environment monitoring. Real world industrial applications, such as multiobjects orientation ...detection, motion sensing as well as monitoring in harsh environment require real-time operation and fast responses for control decisions. This paper examines the timing analysis of UHF networked RFID sensors tag system and the factors influencing time latency. Time constrains in RFID communication channel, such as the minimum detection time of the reader in the vicinity of the RFID tag and the effect of protocol requirements are examined experimentally for commercial tags in compliance with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) regulations. This assessment has the objective to analyze the RFID tag for instance as a motion sensor. In order to illustrate the interest of the presented delay analysis, a method to measure the response time due to rotation speed is introduced. A case study using two commercial RFID tags under rotation is presented and analyzed in terms of delays.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors are increasingly recognized as the way for achieving smart environment monitoring. Real world industrial applications, such as multiobjects orientation ...detection, motion sensing as well as monitoring in harsh environment require real-time operation and fast responses for control decisions. This paper examines the timing analysis of UHF networked RFID sensors tag system and the factors influencing time latency. Time constrains in RFID communication channel, such as the minimum detection time of the reader in the vicinity of the RFID tag and the effect of protocol requirements are examined experimentally for commercial tags in compliance with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) regulations. This assessment has the objective to analyze the RFID tag for instance as a motion sensor. In order to illustrate the interest of the presented delay analysis, a method to measure the response time due to rotation speed is introduced. A case study using two commercial RFID tags under rotation is presented and analyzed in terms of delays.
The aim of this paper is to develop a framework of a chipless wireless system for sensing in compliance with the standard international regulations. The proposed approach offers a solution to solve ...the main difficulty met for the deployment of chipless systems that require specific readers (based on non-standardized large frequency bands and specific signal waveforms). The possibility of interrogating chipless sensors in the regulated bands is demonstrated. The concept is introduced from several chipless sensor solutions, including specific sensors (here sensors for detecting temperature then motion), and the associated reader architecture built as a prototyping platform based on universal software radio peripheral (USRP).
The aim of this paper is to develop a framework of a chipless wireless system for sensing in compliance with the standard international regulations. The proposed approach offers a solution to solve ...the main difficulty met for the deployment of chipless systems that require specific readers (based on non-standardized large frequency bands and specific signal waveforms). The possibility of interrogating chipless sensors in the regulated bands is demonstrated. The concept is introduced from several chipless sensor solutions, including specific sensors (here sensors for detecting temperature then motion), and the associated reader architecture built as a prototyping platform based on Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP).
This paper presents a novel compact scatterer structure for a passive chipless wireless temperature threshold sensor. The structure is based on a single C-scatterer with multiple embedded slots; each ...slot forms a sub-scatterer dedicated to resonating in one regulated band. This structure has the advantage of increasing the data capacity without increasing the number of scatterers, which results in a more compact sensor size. The sensing principle is based on the detuning of the resonance frequency peaks of the backscattered signal from the slotted scatterer due to temperature variations. For the first time, this work demonstrates the design of a passive chipless sensor while at the same time respecting the conventional radio frequency (RF) emission regulations. The sensor only exploits the allowed bands: European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM). Sensitivity measurement results show sensitive characteristics in the order of 10−4 GHz/°C in accordance with the theoretical predictions.
PDF
