Binarized attributed network embedding Yang, Hong; Pan, Shirui; Zhang, Peng ...
2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM),
2018-Nov.
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
Attributed network embedding enables joint representation learning of node links and attributes. Existing attributed network embedding models are designed in continuous Euclidean spaces which often ...introduce data redundancy and impose challenges to storage and computation costs. To this end, we present a Binarized Attributed Network Embedding model (BANE for short) to learn binary node representation. Specifically, we define a new Weisfeiler-Lehman proximity matrix to capture data dependence between node links and attributes by aggregating the information of node attributes and links from neighboring nodes to a given target node in a layer-wise manner. Based on the Weisfeiler-Lehman proximity matrix, we formulate a new Weisfiler-Lehman matrix factorization learning function under the binary node representation constraint. The learning problem is a mixed integer optimization and an efficient cyclic coordinate descent (CCD) algorithm is used as the solution. Node classification and link prediction experiments on real-world datasets show that the proposed BANE model outperforms the state-of-the-art network embedding methods.
► Firstly evaluated the roles for expanded FMR1 alleles in parkinsonians in mainland China. ► The association between GZ alleles and parkinsonism is only found in female patients. ► The GZ alleles ...may not linked to POF in Chinese women. ► A parkinsonian with GZ alleles has slight wmh on MRI in the basis pontis.
Expanded alleles of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene are generally divided into four classes based on the abundance of unstable CGG repeat expansions (CGGs) in its 5′-untranslated region. It has recently been reported that two of the four classes, premutation (55–200 CGGs) and gray zone (GZ, 40–54 CGGs) alleles, was potentially associated with parkinsonism. To investigate this association in patients in mainland China, a total of 360 Chinese patients with parkinsonism and 295 gender and age matched controls were recruited in this study. Indeed, no premutation or full mutation alleles (>200 CGGs) was detected among all the subjects. A total of 11 patients with parkinsonism were identified to have GZ alleles compared with only 1 carrier among the controls (P<0.05). Notably, 10 of the 11 GZ alleles carriers with parkinsonism were female, which was 6.8% of all 147 female patients compared with none in the control females (P<0.05). No significant difference was detected between the male groups of patients and controls. Therefore, our results indicate that FMR1 GZ allele is potentially associated with parkinsonism in mainland China, and the association is only present in the female patients, but not in the male.
Objective To describe a new strategy for the whole genome resequencing of small parasite samples. Methods Whole genome resequencing was based on a multiple displacement amplification (MDA) method. ...Sequencing reads were aligned with the reference genome, and a Bayesian model was used to calculate genotype probabilities. De novo genome assembly was conducted, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was used to determine connections between SNPs and genes. Results In total, 64.12% of the parasite genome sequence was mapped to Necator americanus . fa, and 125,553 SNPs were detected. GO analysis revealed that most SNPs in coding regions were probably associated with common drug targets. Conclusion These results reveal the feasibility of a new strategy to detect genetic variations of small parasites. This study also provides a proof-of-principle for the molecular classification and epidemiological analysis of other parasites.
A new amphiphilic comb-shaped copolymer (SP) was synthesized by conjugating poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with low molecular weight polyethyleneimine for gene delivery. Fourier transform infrared ...spectrum, (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance, and gel permeation chromatography were used to characterize the graft copolymer.
The buffering capability of SP was similar to that of polyethyleneimine within the endosomal pH range. The copolymer could condense DNA effectively to form complexes with a positive charge (13-30 mV) and a small particle size (130-200 nm) at N/P ratios between 5 and 20, and protect DNA from degradation by DNase I. In addition, SP showed much lower cytotoxicity than polyethyleneimine 25,000. Importantly, the gene transfection activity and cellular uptake of SP-DNA complexes were all markedly higher than that of complexes of polyethyleneimine 25,000 and DNA in MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cell lines.
This work highlights the promise of SP as a safe and efficient synthetic vector for DNA delivery.
The size of nanodiamonds formed upon laser irradiation could be easily controlled over simply adjusting laser pulse parameters. The stable size and structure of nanodiamonds were mostly determined by ...laser power density and pulse width. Both large nanodiamonds with multiply twinning structure (MTS) and small nanodiamonds with single crystalline structure (SCS) emitted strong visible light after surface passivation, and their fluorescence quantum yield (QY) was 4.6% and 7.1%, respectively.
A reasonably intelligent response to glucose concentration fluctuations is crucial for developing a self-regulated insulin delivery system. Inspired by the relationship between the higher ordered ...structures of proteins and their versatile functions, the introduction of polypeptides capable of mimicking different secondary structures into the delivery system will be anticipated for adjusting glucose concentration sensitivity. Herein, this work presents the impact of different secondary structural architectures of polypeptide blocks on the stability of glucose-responsive complex nanoparticles (CNPs) in the normal physiological environment and their response to the stimuli of normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions in vitro. Results from the conformational investigations of the CNPs carried out using circular dichroism and insulin release under the different stimuli suggested that the stability and glucose sensitivity of the CNPs are closely related to the secondary structure composition of the polypeptide blocks. The CNPs with a dominant α-helix structure exhibit a promising potential to improve normal glycemic control and to reduce the incidences of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia both in vitro and in vivo.
Extracellular bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, have been reported to induce autophagy; however, the role and machinery of infection-induced autophagy remain ...elusive. We show that the pleiotropic Src kinase Lyn mediates phagocytosis and autophagosome maturation in alveolar macrophages (AM), which facilitates eventual bacterial eradication. We report that Lyn is required for bacterial infection-induced recruitment of autophagic components to pathogen-containing phagosomes. When we blocked autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or by depleting Lyn, we observed less phagocytosis and subsequent bacterial clearance by AM. Both morphological and biological evidence demonstrated that Lyn delivered bacteria to lysosomes through xenophagy. TLR2 initiated the phagocytic process and activated Lyn following infection. Cytoskeletal trafficking proteins, such as Rab5 and Rab7, critically facilitated early phagosome formation, autophagosome maturation, and eventual autophagy-mediated bacterial degradation. These findings reveal that Lyn, TLR2 and Rab modulate autophagy related phagocytosis and augment bactericidal activity, which may offer insight into novel therapeutic strategies to control lung infection.
Key Clinical Message
Few studies reported patients who harbored three kinds of primary tumors simultaneously. Here, we present a 9‐year‐old boy with colon carcinoma, brain medulloblastoma, and ...lymphoma. Genetic mutation detection was explored with next‐generation sequencing, and compound heterozygous mutations in gene
MSH
6
c.3103C>T p.Arg1035Ter and c.3261dupC p.Phe1088LeufsTer were discovered.
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained significant attraction due to their expansive real-world applications. To build trustworthy GNNs, two aspects - fairness and privacy - have emerged as ...critical considerations. Previous studies have separately examined the fairness and privacy aspects of GNNs, revealing their tradeoff with GNN performance. Yet, the inter-play between these two aspects remains unexplored. In this paper, we pioneer the exploration of the interaction between the privacy risks of edge leakage and the individual fairness of a GNN. Our theoretical analysis unravels that edge privacy risks unfortunately escalate when the nodes' individual fairness improves. Such an issue hinders the accomplishment of privacy and fairness of GNNs at the same time. To balance fairness and privacy, we carefully introduce fairness-aware loss reweighting based on in-fluence function and privacy-aware graph structure perturbation modules within a fine-tuning mechanism. Experimental results underscore the effectiveness of our approach in achieving GNN fairness with limited performance compromise and controlled privacy risks. This work contributes to the comprehensively developing trustworthy GNNs by simultaneously addressing both fairness and privacy aspects.
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