Sensor arrays are a powerful tool for multianalyte sensing and the development of an efficient sensor array has become one of the most intriguing problems. However, sensor arrays often employ lots of ...receptors which need large amounts of work to synthesise. This study describes an efficient method for the fabrication of a simple sensor array based on the competitive binding in supramolecular gels. By rationally introducing various well-designed competitive binding interactions into the supramolecular gel, which is self-assembled from a naphthylhydrazone-based organogelator, a supramolecular gel-based twenty-two-member sensor array has been created. Interestingly, the sensor array has been shown to accurately identify fourteen kinds of important ions (F
, Cl
, I
, CN
, HSO
, SCN
, S
, OH
, Al
, Fe
, Zn
, Hg
, Pb
and H
) in water. It's important to note that this sensor array needs only one synthesized receptor. Moreover, using this method, we also obtained a series of ion response fluorescent supramolecular materials, which could act as security display materials. Therefore, it's a novel and facile way for the design of a simple sensor array as well as ion response fluorescent supramolecular materials.
The selective detection and separation of target ions or molecules is an intriguing issue. Herein, a novel supramolecular organic framework (SOF‐THBP) was constructed by bis‐thioacetylhydrazine ...functionalized pillar5arenes. The SOF‐THBP shows a fluorescent response for Fe3+, Cr3+, Hg2+ and Cu2+ ions. The xerogel of SOF‐THBP shows excellent recyclable separation properties for these metal ions and the absorption rates were up to 99.29 %. More interestingly, by rationally introducing these metal ions into the SOF‐THBP, a series of metal‐ion‐coordinated SOFs (MSOFs) such as MSOF‐Fe, MSOF‐Hg and MSOF‐Cu were constructed. These metal ions coordinated MSOFs could selectively sense F−, Br−, and l‐Cys, respectively. The detection limits of these MSOFs for F−, Br− and l‐Cys were about 10−8 m.
Multi‐Functional SOFs: A novel supramolecular organic framework (SOF‐THBP) was constructed by functionalized pillar5arenes. By rationally introducing metal ions into the SOF‐THBP, a series of metal‐ion‐coordinated SOFs (MSOFs) were constructed. The SOF‐THBP shows excellent recyclable separation properties for Cr3+, Hg2+, etc. The MSOFs could selectively and sensitively sense F−, Br−, and l‐Cys, respectively.
Several observational studies have reported an association between obesity and primary liver cancer (PLC), while the causality behind this association and the comparison of the risk effects of ...different obesity indicators on PLC remain unclear. In this study, we performed two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess the associations of genetically determined liver fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and body mass index (BMI) with the risk of PLC. The summary statistics of exposures were obtained from two genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) based on the UK Biobank (UKB) imaging cohort and the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) cohort. GWAS summary statistics for PLC were obtained from FinnGen consortium R7 release data, including 304 PLC cases and 218 488 controls. Inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary analysis, and a series of sensitivity analyses were performed to further verify the robustness of these findings. IVW analysis highlighted a significant association of genetically determined liver fat (OR per SD increase: 7.14; 95% CI: 5.10‐9.99; P = 2.35E‐30) and VAT (OR per SD increase: 5.70; 95% CI: 1.32‐24.72; P = .020) with PLC but not of BMI with PLC. The findings were further confirmed by a series of MR methods. No evidence of horizontal pleiotropy between these associations existed. Our study suggested that genetically determined liver fat and VAT rather than BMI were associated with an increased risk of PLC, which suggested that visceral fat distribution is more predictive of the clinical risk of PLC than common in vitro measures.
What's new?
Obesity is associated with increased risk of primary liver cancer (PLC). However, the causality of obesity in PLC is difficult to determine based on existing observational studies, and little is known about whether specific fat distribution impacts PLC risk. Here, the authors employed Mendelian randomization to investigate associations between PLC risk and genetically determined liver fat deposition and visceral fat distribution. Genetically predicted liver fat and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) distribution were more strongly linked to increased PLC risk than body mass index. VAT and especially fat deposition in the liver are promising clinical measures for predicting PLC risk.
Background Platelet distribution width (PDW), but not platelet count, was found to more comprehensively reflect platelet activity. The present study, thus, aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ...PDW to lymphocyte ratio (PDWLR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatectomy. Methods Patients following hepatectomy were analyzed retrospectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression model were used to determine the prognostic value of PDWLR. Results 241 patients were analyzed eventually, and stratified into low and high PDWLR groups (less than or equal to 9.66 vs. > 9.66). Results of comparing the baseline characteristics showed that high PDWLR was significantly associated with cirrhosis, and intraoperative blood loss (all P < 0.05). In multivariate COX regression analysis, PDWLR was demonstrated as an independent risk factor for OS (HR: 1.549, P = 0.041) and RFS (HR: 1.655, P = 0.005). Moreover, PDWLR demonstrated a superior capacity for predicting prognosis compared to other indicators. Conclusion Preoperative PDWLR has a potential value in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients following hepatectomy, which may help in clinical decision-making for individual treatment. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hepatectomy, Platelet distribution width, Platelets-lymphocyte-ratio, Prognosis
A novel anion sensor array based on supramolecular metallogels has been developed. It could accurately identify CN(-), SCN(-), S(2-) and I(-) in water. Interestingly, this sensor array is based on a ...novel design approach termed "competitive coordination control AIE mode" to develop anion-responsive gels which need only one synthesized gelator G1.
A simple and efficient approach to endow the controllable multi-stimuli-responsive property for the supramolecular polymer was successfully developed by rationally introducing iodine into a novel ...naphthalimide-functionalized pillar5arene-based supramolecular polymer (PNA⊃GBP). Interestingly, by introducing iodine into the supramolecular polymer PNA⊃GBP, the iodine could not only control the optical properties and self-assembly states of PNA⊃GBP via electronic donor–acceptor effect but also control the molecular recognition properties by competitive redox reaction. Benefiting from these excellent iodine controlled multiresponse properties, the PNA⊃GBP showed selective fluorescent response for cyanide, cysteine, and mercury in supramolecular polymer gels, water solutions, and living cells with high sensitivities. The supramolecular polymer PNA⊃GBP could act as a novel smart material for selective detection CN–, Hg2+, and l-Cys.
Although autophagy may be beneficial for maintaining the metabolic balance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the nucleus pulposus (NP) and its vitality under inflammation, the underlying mechanism ...still remains unclear. A previous study found that autophagy activation stimulated the release of exosomes in normal chondrocytes, which are located in a similar avascular environment and share many common features with those of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). This study explored the protective effect on matrix degradation in the NP by exosomes derived from autophagy‐activated NPCs and exosomal microRNAs. NPCs‐derived exosomes (NPCs‐Exos) were isolated from culture medium of either normal NPCs or rapamycin‐treated NPCs and quantified by nanoparticle tracking analysis. The effect of rapamycin‐treated NPC‐derived exosomes on NPCs were assessed by coculture with interleukin 1β (IL‐1β)‐stimulated NPCs. After examination of six major proteinases of the ECM, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13) was chosen for further study. miR‐27a, which targets MMP‐13, was investigated through previous studies and bioinformatics tool. The levels of miR‐27a were upregulated in both rapamycin‐treated NPCs and their exosomes, compared to the control. When exosomal miR‐27a was transferred into NPCs, it alleviated IL‐1β‐induced degradation of the NPC ECM by targeting MMP‐13. Autophagy activation may promote the release of NPCs‐derived exosomes and thereby prevent the NPC matrix from degradation. Autophagy activation also alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), at least partly via exosomal miR‐27a, which restrains MMP‐13 expression under IL‐1β stimulation. Our work elucidates a new mechanism for how autophagy may participate in preventing IDD, which may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
Miscarriage and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are devastating complications in fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). We previously reported the mechanisms for bleeding ...diatheses, but it is unknown whether placental, decidual immune cells or other abnormalities at the maternal-fetal interface contribute to FNAIT. Here we show that maternal immune responses to fetal platelet antigens cause miscarriage and IUGR that are associated with vascular and immune pathologies in murine FNAIT models. Uterine natural killer (uNK) cell recruitment and survival beyond mid-gestation lead to elevated NKp46 and CD107 expression, perforin release and trophoblast apoptosis. Depletion of NK cells restores normal spiral artery remodeling and placental function, prevents miscarriage, and rescues hemorrhage in neonates. Blockade of NK activation receptors (NKp46, FcɣRIIIa) also rescues pregnancy loss. These findings shed light on uNK antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of invasive trophoblasts as a pathological mechanism in FNAIT, and suggest that anti-NK cell therapies may prevent immune-mediated pregnancy loss and ameliorate FNAIT.Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a gestational disease caused by maternal immune responses against fetal platelets. Using a FNAIT mouse model and human trophoblast cell lines, here the authors show that uterine natural killer cell-mediated trophoblast apoptosis contributes to FNAIT pathogenesis.
There is one circadian clock in the central nervous system and another in the peripheral organs, and the latter is driven by an autoregulatory molecular clock composed of several core clock genes. ...The height, water content, osmotic pressure and mechanical characteristics of intervertebral discs (IVDs) have been demonstrated to exhibit a circadian rhythm (CR). Recently, a molecular clock has been shown to exist in IVDs, abolition of which can lead to stress in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), contributing to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process in eukaryotes and is essential for individual cells or organs to respond and adapt to changing environments; it has also been demonstrated to occur in human NPCs. Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that autophagy is associated with CR. Thus, we review the connection between CR and autophagy and the roles of these mechanisms in IDD.
A highly selective chemosensor 1 based on an acylhydrazone group as binding site and naphthalene group as the fluorescence signal group were described, which could instantly detect CN(-) in water ...with specific selectivity and high sensitivity. The detection of cyanide was performed via the nucleophilic attack of cyanide anion on the carbonyl group, which could be confirmed by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, ESI-MS and DFT calculations. The addition of CN(-) to sensor 1 induced a remarkable color change from colorless to yellow and generated a blue fluorescence, these sense procedure could not interfered by other coexistent competitive anions (F(-), Cl(-), Br(-), I(-), AcO(-), H2PO4(-), HSO4(-), ClO4(-), SCN(-), S(2-), NO3(-) and SO4(2-)). The detection limits were 5.0×10(-7) M and 2.0×10(-9) M of CN(-) using the visual fluorescent color changes and fluorescence spectra changes respectively, which is far lower than the WHO guideline of 1.9×10(-6) M. Test strips based on sensor 1 were fabricated, which could act as a convenient and efficient CN(-) test kit to detect CN(-) in pure water for "in-the-field" measurement.
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