In this study, we describe the synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) of different sizes and evaluated their antibacterial activity. Particles size and morphology were ...characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Evaluation of the bacteriostatic effects was performed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and comet assays. The smaller the particle size of Ag-NPs, the smaller the value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), indicating the greater the antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity was determined by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by bacteria and by bacterial membrane damage. In this study, we determined ROS-induced damage of bacteria caused by Ag-NPs. In conclusion, our findings indicated that Ag-NPs were effective at different particle sizes and concentrations and that the smaller the particle size of Ag-NPs, the greater the antibacterial activity.
In order to be able to better understand the financial situation of enterprises and ensure the maximum economic benefits, the analysis of enterprise financial decisions based on the background of big ...data cloud accounting is proposed. Establish an enterprise cloud accounting financial decision support module that relies on big data to optimize data collection and meet the data requirements for management decision making and operation of cloud accounting financial decision support system. We provide objective and rigorous financial analysis and implement the financial decisions proposed by the management based on the most satisfying results plan in line with the development strategy of the company. The optimal classification hyperplane is constructed in the vector space using support vector machines, and the Lagrange function is introduced to solve the constraint maximization, which changes the original space mapping to seek the optimal classification surface in the vector space of higher dimensions. The SVM classifier is trained by introducing relaxation variables that solve linearly indistinguishable problems and building labeled training samples to ensure that the risk analysis requirements are met. Combined with the decision tree algorithm to predict the number of information bits, calculate the information entropy to obtain the information gain value to compare one by one, and finally complete the financial decision analysis. The analysis results show that the financial decision model is constructed in the context of big data cloud accounting, and the algorithm of this paper is used to select the best enterprise decision solution, which has an economic growth value of 22,000,000 RMB and ensures the maximum economic benefits for the enterprise.
To extract finer-grained segment features from news and represent users accurately and exhaustively, this article develops a news recommendation (NR) model based on a sub-attention news encoder. ...First, by using convolutional neural network (CNN) and sub-attention mechanism, this model extracts a rich feature matrix from the news text. Then, from the perspective of image position and channel, the granular image data is retrieved. Next, the user's news browsing history is injected with a multi-head self-attention mechanism, and time series prediction is applied to the user's interests. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed model performs well on the indicators: mean reciprocal rank (MRR), Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG) and area under the curve (AUC), with an average increase of 4.18%, 5.63% and 6.55%, respectively. The comparative results demonstrate that the model performs best on a variety of datasets and has fastest convergence speed in all cases. The proposed model may provide guidance for the design of the news recommendation system in the future.
In order to improve the yield of mung bean peel polysaccharide, on the basis of single-factor experiments, the ultrasonic assisted extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology ...(RSM). The results showed that under the conditions of material-liquid ratio of 1: 40, temperature 77 °C, ultrasonic power 216 W and extraction time 47 min, the extraction rate of mung bean peel polysaccharide was the best, which was 2.55 %. The extracted polysaccharide was phosphorylated and its antioxidant activity in vitro was studied. The results suggested that the modified polysaccharide had a significant scavenging effect on hydroxyl radicals and enhanced the ability of anti-lipid peroxidation, which offered ideas and methods for the development and application of mung bean peel polysaccharide.
The sesame oil-in-water Pickering emulsions using cellulose nanofibers (CNF) as the emulsifier were prepared for the rheological study, aiming at establishing relationship between emulsion ...viscoelasticity and morphology. A droplet cluster structure forms in those systems due to multicomponent properties of sesame oil and fibrillar structure of CNF. Its deformation and relaxations result in weak strain overshoot behavior in large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) flow, but not affect the scaling behavior of small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) responses. The relaxation time scales can be evaluated by creep of emulsions. This structure can evolve during ramp shear flow, rearranged and oriented at the higher flow rates, which has evident influence on the thixotropic behavior of emulsions. The mechanisms of evolution and relaxations of droplet cluster structure are traced through rheo-optical way. This work presents some interesting results and paves a possible way to control morphology and viscoelasticity of edible Pickering emulsions.
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•CNF can be used to stabilize edible sesame oil-in-water Pickering emulsions.•Relaxations of droplet clusters lead to strain overshoot behavior during LAOS.•SAOS flow shows scaling behavior regardless of W/O ratios and CNF loadings.•Thixotropic properties depend on concentration and evolution of droplet clusters.•Paving a way to control morphology and viscoelasticity of Pickering emulsions.
CD47 is an immunoglobulin that is overexpressed on the surface of many types of cancer cells. CD47 forms a signaling complex with signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα), enabling the escape of these ...cancer cells from macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. In recent years, CD47 has been shown to be highly expressed by various types of solid tumors and to be associated with poor patient prognosis in various types of cancer. A growing number of studies have since demonstrated that inhibiting the CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway promotes the adaptive immune response and enhances the phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages. Improved understanding in this field of research could lead to the development of novel and effective anti-tumor treatments that act through the inhibition of CD47 signaling in cancer cells. In this review, we describe the structure and function of CD47, provide an overview of studies that have aimed to inhibit CD47-dependent avoidance of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis by tumor cells, and assess the potential and challenges for targeting the CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway in anti-cancer therapy.
Mitochondria are the main sites for oxidative phosphorylation and synthesis of adenosine triphosphate in cells, and are known as cellular power factories. The phrase “secondary mitochondrial ...diseases” essentially refers to any abnormal mitochondrial function other than primary mitochondrial diseases, i.e., the process caused by the genes encoding the electron transport chain (ETC) proteins directly or impacting the production of the machinery needed for ETC. Mitochondrial diseases can cause adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis disorder, an increase in oxygen free radicals, and intracellular redox imbalance. It can also induce apoptosis and, eventually, multi-system damage, which leads to neurodegenerative disease. The catechin compounds rich in tea have attracted much attention due to their effective antioxidant activity. Catechins, especially acetylated catechins such as epicatechin gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), are able to protect mitochondria from reactive oxygen species. This review focuses on the role of catechins in regulating cell homeostasis, in which catechins act as a free radical scavenger and metal ion chelator, their protective mechanism on mitochondria, and the protective effect of catechins on mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This review highlights catechins and their effects on mitochondrial functional metabolic networks: regulating mitochondrial function and biogenesis, improving insulin resistance, regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis, and regulating epigenetic processes. Finally, the indirect beneficial effects of catechins on mitochondrial diseases are also illustrated by the warburg and the apoptosis effect. Some possible mechanisms are shown graphically. In addition, the bioavailability of catechins and peracetylated-catechins, free radical scavenging activity, mitochondrial activation ability of the high-molecular-weight polyphenol, and the mitochondrial activation factor were also discussed.
Regional inequality has caused large social and economic problems in China. Numerous researchers have sought to understand the status of economic inequality in the past decades. However, studies are ...lacking on other aspects of regional inequality, particularly when multiple facets must be considered. In this study, we have innovatively proposed a Pareto law-based method that can help assess multiple dimensions of regional inequality simultaneously. With this approach, we can rank multiple aspects of inequality and provide robust, reasonable goals for different groups of administrative districts. The proposed approach was successfully implemented by using Chinese data for 2015 and 2016, a period during which China was experiencing both severe PM2.5 pollution and economic regional inequality. The results indicate that (1) Shanghai and Shenzhen represent the optimal condition of economic development; (2) different from the spatial distribution of economic inequality alone, inequality was higher in central China for both economic development and PM2.5 air quality; (3) in the context of severe economic inequality in China, the tradeoff between economic development and air quality will result in a relatively equitable condition. In addition, the proposed method is open-ended and can be extended to incorporate more aspects of regional inequality. This approach appears to possess substantial potential for integration into decision-making regarding regional inequality.
•The Gini coefficient based Pareto law is stable when concerning PM2.5 air quality and economic development.•By Pareto law, Shanghai, Shenzhen and one city with the best PM2.5 air quality delineated optimal conditions for China.•The tradeoff between PM2.5 air quality and economic development would lead to a fair condition.
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