The anesthetist and other members of the perioperative team need to be extremely cautious for successful completion of any surgery. If the final step of any general anesthetic-extubation is not ...sufficiently well planned, it can lead to critical airway incidents during the extubation and hinder transportation of the patient to the post-anesthesia care unit.
A 48-year-old female underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) combined with left lower lobectomy. The distal end of the left branch of the tracheal tube was lodged by surgical sutures. In this case, the respiratory physician burned the sutures using an argon electrode, after discussion with the thoracic surgery experts.
Teamwork is essential when caring for a patient with a shared airway. The anesthetist and surgeon must communicate well with each other to achieve optimal surgical outcomes. Importantly, testing the patency of the ETT prior to extubation should be a regular procedure, which is practical significance to guide safe extubation.
A new method of nanoparticle formulation for poorly water-soluble materials was demonstrated for curcumin. The drug was dissolved in organic solvent that is miscible with water (ethanol), and drug ...nucleation was initiated by gradual worsening of the solution by the addition of an aqueous polyelectrolyte assisted by ultrasonication. Curcumin crystals of 60−100 nm size were obtained depending on the component concentrations, sonication power, and initial solvent. Layer-by-layer shell assembly with biocompatible polyelectrolytes was used to provide a particle coating with a high surface potential and the stabilization of drug nanocolloids. Polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer encapsulation allowed sustained drug release from nanoparticles over the range of 10−20 h.
Highlights
The split-ring topography is studied systematically from wettability, evaporation assembly to optoelectronic devices.
An efficient dual-function laser etching scheme has been developed to ...fabricate the split-ring lyophilic pattern and the lateral electrode array simultaneously.
A non-contact human-machine interface based on CsPbBr
3
perovskite photodetector arrays has been successfully applied to wearable devices, automobile displays, robot remote control.
Photodetectors with long detection distances and fast response are important media in constructing a non-contact human–machine interface for the Masterly Internet of Things (MIT). All-inorganic perovskites have excellent optoelectronic performance with high moisture and oxygen resistance, making them one of the promising candidates for high-performance photodetectors, but a simple, low-cost and reliable fabrication technology is urgently needed. Here, a dual-function laser etching method is developed to complete both the lyophilic split-ring structure and electrode patterning. This novel split-ring structure can capture the perovskite precursor droplet efficiently and achieve the uniform and compact deposition of CsPbBr
3
films. Furthermore, our devices based on laterally conducting split-ring structured photodetectors possess outstanding performance, including the maximum responsivity of 1.44 × 10
5
mA W
−1
, a response time of 150 μs in 1.5 kHz and one-unit area < 4 × 10
–2
mm
2
. Based on these split-ring photodetector arrays, we realized three-dimensional gesture detection with up to 100 mm distance detection and up to 600 mm s
−1
speed detection, for low-cost, integrative, and non-contact human–machine interfaces. Finally, we applied this MIT to wearable and flexible digital gesture recognition watch panel, safe and comfortable central controller integrated on the car screen, and remote control of the robot, demonstrating the broad potential applications.
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted widespread interest for many catalytic applications because of their distinguishing properties. However, general and scalable synthesis of efficient SACs ...remains significantly challenging, which limits their applications. Here we report an efficient and universal approach to fabricating a series of high-content metal atoms anchored into hollow nitrogen-doped graphene frameworks (M-N-Grs; M represents Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, etc.) at gram-scale. The highly compatible doped ZnO templates, acting as the dispersants of targeted metal heteroatoms, can react with the incoming gaseous organic ligands to form doped metal–organic framework thin shells, whose composition determines the heteroatom species and contents in M-N-Grs. We achieved over 1.2 atom % (5.85 wt %) metal loading content, superior oxygen reduction activity over commercial Pt/C catalyst, and a very high diffusion-limiting current (6.82 mA cm–2). Both experimental analyses and theoretical calculations reveal the oxygen reduction activity sequence of M-N-Grs. Additionally, the superior performance in Fe-N-Gr is mainly attributed to its unique electron structure, rich exposed active sites, and robust hollow framework. This synthesis strategy will stimulate the rapid development of SACs for diverse energy-related fields.
Highlights
Theranostic agent
1
(
TA1
) was successfully developed to provide dual functions: anti-inflammatory therapy and precise diagnosis.
TA1
selectively reacts with H
2
S
n
in the mitochondria ...in response to inflammatory reactions to simultaneously produce both indomethacin as a drug and ring-opened fluorescence-on Rhodol.
Theranostic behavior of
TA1
was proven by in vitro and in vivo imaging.
TA1
reveals inflammatory site-selective drug release followed by significant therapeutic effects and is highly applicable in vivo model therapeutics for the inflammatory disease.
The insistent demand for space-controllable delivery, which reduces the side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), has led to the development of a new theranostics-based approach for anti-inflammatory therapy. The current anti-inflammatory treatments can be improved by designing a drug delivery system responsive to the inflammatory site biomarker, hydrogen polysulfide (H
2
S
n
). Here, we report a novel theranostic agent
1
(
TA1
), consisting of three parts: H
2
S
n
-mediated triggering part, a two-photon fluorophore bearing mitochondria targeting unit (Rhodol-TPP), and anti-inflammatory COX inhibitor (indomethacin). In vitro experiments showed that
TA1
selectively reacts with H
2
S
n
to concomitantly release both Rhodol-TPP and indomethacin. Confocal-microscopy imaging of inflammation-induced live cells suggested that
TA1
is localized in the mitochondria where the H
2
S
n
is overexpressed. The
TA1
reacted with H
2
S
n
in the endogenous and exogenous H
2
S
n
environments and in lipopolysaccharide treated inflammatory cells. Moreover,
TA1
suppressed COX-2 level in the inflammatory-induced cells and prostaglandin E
2
(PGE
2
) level in blood serum from inflammation-induced mouse models. In vivo experiments with inflammation-induced mouse models suggested that
TA1
exhibits inflammation-site-elective drug release followed by significant therapeutic effects, showing its function as a theranostic agent, capable of both anti-inflammatory therapy and precise diagnosis. Theranostic behavior of
TA1
is highly applicable in vivo model therapeutics for the inflammatory disease.
Bacterial or fungal membrane vesicles, traditionally considered as microbial metabolic wastes, are secreted mainly from the outer membrane or cell membrane of microorganisms. However, recent studies ...have shown that these vesicles play essential roles in direct or indirect communications among microorganisms and between microorganisms and hosts. This review aims to provide an updated understanding of the physiological functions and emerging applications of bacterial membrane vesicles, with a focus on their biogenesis, mechanisms of adsorption and invasion into host cells, immune stimulatory effects, and roles in the much‐concerned problem of bacterial resistance. Additionally, the potential applications of these vesicles as biomarkers, vaccine candidates, and drug delivery platforms are discussed.
As illustrated in the graphics, bacterial membrane vesicle (BMV) contributes to the adhesion and invasion of bacteria into the host cells, takes part in the interactions between bacteria and the innate immune system, also plays active roles in the development of bacterial resistance. Lastly, BMVs serve as valuable sources of biomarkers and novel nanoplatforms for vaccine delivery and drug therapy.
Drug-eluting stents (DES) have been widely applied for saving the life of patients with coronary artery diseases (CADs). However, conventional polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) and poly ...(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), which are widely applied for drug-eluting stents studies, have serious bulk erosion problems, like high local acidity and poor mechanical properties. Instead, we chose surface erosion polymer poly (1, 3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) as a drug carrier in this study. Here, we fabricated and characterized a novel durable-polymer drug-eluting 316 L stainless steel (SS) stent, in which the inner surface was coated with a Ti⁻O film using the magnetron sputtering method to promote the growth of endothelial cells (ECs). On the outer layer of the stent, first, a Ti⁻O film was deposited and, then, on top of it a rapamycin-loaded PTMC coat was deposited using the ultrasonic atomization spray method. This dual coating inhibited the migration and expansion of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The drug coating also inhibited the adhesion/activation of platelets. In tests on dogs, it was found the novel stent promoted re-endothelialization and reduced restenosis, in contrast to the plain SS stent. Thus, the novel stent may have promise for use in treating patients with CAD.
Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury, are essential causes of death and long-term disability and are difficult to cure, mainly due ...to the limited neuron regeneration and the glial scar formation. Herein, we apply extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by M2 microglia to improve the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) at the injured site, and simultaneously modify them with the injured vascular targeting peptide (DA7R) and the stem cell recruiting factor (SDF-1) on their surface via copper-free click chemistry to recruit NSCs, inducing their neuronal differentiation, and serving as the nanocarriers at the injured site (Dual-EV). Results prove that the Dual-EV could target human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), recruit NSCs, and promote the neuronal differentiation of NSCs in vitro. Furthermore, 10 miRNAs are found to be upregulated in Dual-M2-EVs compared to Dual-M0-EVs via bioinformatic analysis, and further NSC differentiation experiment by flow cytometry reveals that among these miRNAs, miR30b-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-129-5p, and miR-155-5p may exert effect of inducing NSC to differentiate into neurons. In vivo experiments show that Dual-EV nanocarriers achieve improved accumulation in the ischemic area of stroke model mice, potentiate NSCs recruitment, and increase neurogenesis. This work provides new insights for the treatment of neuronal regeneration after CNS injuries as well as endogenous stem cells, and the click chemistry EV/peptide/chemokine and related nanocarriers for improving human health.
Click chemistry extracellular vesicle/peptide/chemokine nanomissiles repair central nervous systems (CNS) injuries by targeting blood vessels, recruiting neural stem cells (NSCs) and inducing their differentiation into neurons. Display omitted
Treating the most widespread complication of diabetes: diabetic wounds poses a significant clinical obstacle due to the intricate nature of wound healing in individuals with diabetes. Here a novel ...approach is proposed using easily applicable injectable gelatin/metal/tea polyphenol double nanonetworks, which effectively remodel the wound microenvironment and accelerates the healing process. The gelatin(Gel) crosslink with metal ions (Zr4+) through the amino acids, imparting advantageous mechanical properties like self‐healing, injectability, and adhesion. The nanonetwork's biological functions are further enhanced by incorporating the tea polyphenol metal nanonetwork through in situ doping of the epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with great antibacterial, self‐healing, antioxidant, and anticancer capabilities. The in vitro and in vivo tests show that this double nanonetworks hydrogel exhibits faster cell migration and favorable anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties and can greatly reshape the microenvironment of diabetic wounds and accelerate the wound healing rate. In addition, this hydrogel is completely degraded after subcutaneous injection for 7 days, with nondetectable cytotoxicity in H&E staining of major mice organs and the serum level of liver function indicators. Considering the above‐mentioned merits of this hydrogel, it is believed that the injectable gelatin/metal/tea polyphenol double nanonetworks have broad biomedical potential, especially in diabetic wound repair and tissue engineering.
Conceptual description of a multifunctional Gel/Zr/EGCG hydrogels to promote diabetic wound healing. A) The formation of Gel/Zr/EGCG hydrogels is obtained through metal coordination reactions between amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, and imidazole groups on Gel and Zr4+. B) Gel/Zr/EGCG hydrogels dressings are constructed using a simple injection mix that exhibits antibacterial properties, reduces inflammation, promotes orderly wound healing, and guides tissue regeneration.
Highlights
Machine learning, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis are imperative for various conversion approaches of high availability and low utilization biomass (HALUB).
The ...conversion of HALUB to sustainable energy and materials has a positive consequence on mitigating climate change and building a green future.
Microfluidic and micro/nanomotors-powered sustainable materials are of high potential for advanced applications.
We conceptualize bioresource upgrade for sustainable energy, environment, and biomedicine with a focus on circular economy, sustainability, and carbon neutrality using high availability and low utilization biomass (HALUB). We acme energy-efficient technologies for sustainable energy and material recovery and applications. The technologies of thermochemical conversion (TC), biochemical conversion (BC), electrochemical conversion (EC), and photochemical conversion (PTC) are summarized for HALUB. Microalgal biomass could contribute to a biofuel HHV of 35.72 MJ Kg
−1
and total benefit of 749 $/ton biomass via TC. Specific surface area of biochar reached 3000 m
2
g
−1
via pyrolytic carbonization of waste bean dregs. Lignocellulosic biomass can be effectively converted into bio-stimulants and biofertilizers via BC with a high conversion efficiency of more than 90%. Besides, lignocellulosic biomass can contribute to a current density of 672 mA m
−2
via EC. Bioresource can be 100% selectively synthesized via electrocatalysis through EC and PTC. Machine learning, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis are essential to various upgrading approaches of HALUB. Sustainable biomaterials, sustainable living materials and technologies for biomedical and multifunctional applications like nano-catalysis, microfluidic and micro/nanomotors beyond are also highlighted. New techniques and systems for the complete conversion and utilization of HALUB for new energy and materials are further discussed.
PDF
