A palladium catalyzed reductive aminocarbonylation of benzylic ammonium triflates with nitroarenes for the synthesis of phenylacetamides was developed. Using Pd(acac)2/DPPF catalyst system, a range ...of different substituted phenylacetamides were prepared in moderate to good yields from benzylic ammonium triflates and nitroarenes through Csp3−N bond cleavage. A variety of alkyl, aryl, and halide substituents on both substrates can be used, and many useful functional groups can be tolerated.
A metal-free catalytic approach for the remote C6-functionalization of 2,3-disubstituted indoles has been developed. In the presence of catalytic amounts of Brønsted acid, the
β,γ
-unsaturated
α
...-ketoesters react with 2,3-disubstituted indoles at the C6 position selectively. Under mild reaction conditions, a range of C6-functionalized indoles were prepared with good yields and excellent regioselectivity. This methodology provides a concise and efficient route for the synthesis of C6-functionalized indole derivatives.
A palladium-catalyzed ligand-controlled selective 1,4-addition and cycloaddition reaction of β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters with alkylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs) has been developed. Using ACPs and ...β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters as starting materials, γ-dienyl-α-ketoesters and dihydro-2H-pyrans could be prepared selectively by modulating the ligand. A range of multisubstituted α-ketoesters and dihydro-2H-pyrans were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with excellent regioselectivities.
AIM:To investigate the feasibility of detecting aberrantly hypermethylated Wnt-antagonist gene promoters(SFRP2 and WIF-1)in fecal DNA as non-invasive biomarkers for early colorectal ...cancer(CRC).METHODS:The methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to blindly analyze the methylation status of SFRP2 and WIF-1 gene promoters in fecal samples from 48 subjects with CRC,35 with adenomas,32 with hyperplastic polyps and 30 endoscopically normal subjects.Additionally,we comparedthe diagnostic efficiency of measuring the hypermethylated SFRP2 and WIF-1 genes in the feces to the fecal occult blood test(FOBT)for the early detection of CRC.RESULTS:Hypermethylated SFRP2 was detected in the feces of 56.3%(27/48)of CRC cases,51.4%(18/35)of adenoma cases and 12.5%(4/32)of patients with hyperplastic polyps.The hypermethylation of WIF-1was detected in 60.4%(29/48),45.7%(16/35)and18.7%(6/32)of fecal samples from CRC,adenoma and hyperplastic polyp patients,respectively.At least one hypermethylated gene was detected in 81.3%(39/48)of CRC and 65.7%(23/35)of adenoma samples.In contrast,only a hypermethylated WIF-1 gene was detected in one case of normal fecal samples.Moreover,no significant associations were observed between SFPR2 and WIF-1 hypermethylation and clinicopathological features.Additionally,81.8%of CRC cases diagnosed as Dukes A stage or advanced adenomas had at least one hypermethylated gene detected,while the detection rate with the FOBT was only 31.8%(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Hypermethylated SFRP2 and WIF-1genes in fecal DNA are novel and promising molecular biomarkers that have great diagnostic potential for early CRC.
According to Newton＇s Second Law and the microwave theory, mechanical analysis of multiple buoys which form Sharp Eagle wave energy converter （WEC） is carried out. The movements of every buoy in ...three modes couple each other when they are affected with incident waves. Based on the above, mechanical models of the WEC are established, which are concerned with fluid forces, damping forces, hinge forces, and so on. Hydrodynamic parameters of one buoy are obtained by taking the other moving buoy as boundary conditions. Then, by taking those hydrodynamic parameters into the mechanical models, the optimum external damping and optimal capture width ratio are calculated out. Under the condition of the optimum external damping, a plenty of data are obtained, such as the displacements amplitude of each buoy in three modes （sway, heave, pitch）, damping forces, hinge forces, and speed of the hydraulic cylinder. Research results provide theoretical references and basis for Sharp Eagle WECs in the design and manufacture.
Objective: To discuss the ef ect of BRMS1 on the proliferation, migration and adhesion of mouse forestomach carcinoma(MFC). Methods: The constructed p CMV-myc-BRMS1 recombinant plasmid and blank ...plasmid were transfected into mouse forestomach carcinoma. MTT method was employed to measure the activity of gastric cancer cell; the scratch assay and Transwell assay to measure the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell; the adhesion assay to measure the adhesion of gastric cancer cell; while the Western blot assay to measure the expression of The NF-毷B signal pathway, downstream matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-2), MMP-9 and osteopontin and E-cadherin in the gastric cancer cell. Besides, the transplanted animal model of gastric cancer in mice was constructed to measure the size of tumor xenograft. Results: Results of MTT assay showed that, compared with the empty vector control group, the activity of gastric cancer cell was not af ected in the BRMS1 transfection group. The improved expression of BRMS1 could inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell(P<0.01). Besides, compared with the empty vector control group, the phosphorylation of NF-毷B p65 and I毷Bα was reduced in the BRMS1 transfection group, with the decreased expression of MMP 2, MMP 9 and osteopontin and the increased expression of E-cadherin(P<0.01). Results of animal experiment also showed that the expression of BRMS1 did not af ect the transplanted tumor. Conclusions: The expression of BRMS1 can signii cantly inhibit the adhesion, migration, invasion and metastasis of MCF gastric cancer cell, which is related to The NF-毷B signal pathway.
BACKGROUND:Periplaneta americana extract is recognized to have a positive effect on gastrointestinal mucosa.This study aimed to investigate the effects of periplaneta americana extract on immune ...function,nutrition status and gastrointestinal complications of early enteral nutrition patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS).METHODS:Patients with SIRS were randomly divided into two groups:treatment and control groups.All patients in the two groups received conventional therapy including enteral nutrition,but periplaneta americana extract,an additional Chinese medicine,was given to the patients in the treatment group.At the beginning of treatment(0 day)and 1,3,and 7 days after treatment,the levels of immunoglobulin(Ig A),total lymphocyte count(TLC),total protein(TP)and prealbumin(PA)were respectively tested in patients’venous blood.The incidences of bloating,diarrhea,aspiration pneumonia and high blood sugar at 7 days after treatment were recorded.The mortality of the patients in 28 days was recorded.RESULTS:At 3 and 7 days after treatment,the levels of Ig A and TLC in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).At 7 days after treatment,the levels of TP and PA in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidences of bloating and diarrhea in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were significant(P<0.05).The mortality of treatment group was lower than that of the control group(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Periplaneta americana extract could reduce gastrointestinal complications and improve immune function and nutritional status in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
During the past 2 years,worldwide considerable advances have been made in the field of pediatric cardiology, including the elucidation of the mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular diseases and ...the development of diagnostic techniques and treatment strategies. Meanwhile, we should be aware that the genetics, environmental factors and their interactions involved in the mechanisms for a variety of pediatric cardiovascular diseases have yet been unclear. The diagnostic techniques and treatment need to be further standardized and developed.
AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of centralized culture and possible influencing factors.METHODS:From January 2010 to July 2012,66452 patients with suspected Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection from ...26 hospitals in Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces in China underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy.Gastric mucosal biopsies were taken from the antrum for culture.These biopsies were transported under natural environmental temperature to the central laboratory in Hangzhou city and divided into three groups based on their transport time:5,24 and 48 h.The culture results were reported after 72 h and the positive culture rates were analyzed by a χ2 test.An additional 5736 biopsies from H.pylori-positive patients(5646 rapid urease test-positive and 90 14C-urease breath test-positive) were also cultured for quality control in the central laboratory setting.RESULTS:The positive culture rate was 31.66%(21036/66452) for the patient samples and 71.72%(4114/5736) for the H.pylori-positive quality control specimens.In the 5 h transport group,the positiveculture rate was 30.99%(3865/12471),and 32.84%(14960/45553) in the 24 h transport group.In contrast,the positive culture rate declined significantly in the 48 h transport group(26.25%; P < 0.001).During transportation,the average natural temperature increased from 4.67 to 29.14℃,while the positive culture rate declined from 36.67%(1462/3987) to 24.12%(1799/7459).When the temperature exceeded 24℃,the positive culture rate decreased significantly,especially in the 48 h transport group(23.17%).CONCLUSION:Transportation of specimens within 24 h and below 24℃ is reasonable and acceptable for centralized culture of multicenter H.pylori samples.
The fabrication of silicon anode materials using biomass resources enables the effective utilization of subsidiary agricultural products in battery industries, despite the electrochemical ...performances of these as-synthesized silicon materials still need improvements. Using rice husk (RH) as silicon source, here we report for the first time the fabrication of silicon/nitrogen-doped carbon/carbon nanotube (SNCC) nano/micro-hierarchical structured spheres through a facile electrospray approach. The unique hierarchical hybrid structure of the composite spheres, in which the silicon nanoparticles are homogenously encapsulated in the highly conductive, porous carbon matrix built by carbon nanotubes and nitrogen-doped carbon, contributes to fast electronic transport and prevents silicon from pulverization possessing good structure stability upon the synergistic lithiation/delithiation of the components. These SNCC spheres could deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 1380mAhg−1 at a current density of 0.5Ag−1, and still maintain 1031mAhg−1 after 100 cycles. The low cost RH-derived silicon composites synthesized by a facile, scalable synthetic method turn out to be promising for the next-generation rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
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•Low-cost rice husks are utilized to fabricate Si-based anode material for Li-ion batteries.•Using electrospray method to fabricate homogeneous Si/N-doped carbon/CNT nano/micro-hierarchical structured spheres.•The unique hierarchical hybrid structure of the composite contributes to an excellent electrochemical performance.
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