The purpose of the study is to reduce the error in the pricing process of financial derivatives, as well as to obtain more accurate product values, thereby reducing transaction costs, accelerating ...transaction speed, establishing a larger investment scale, and enabling investors to obtain excellent returns under market conditions as much as possible. Based on the variance reduction technology, a Monte Carlo model that can effectively analyze financial prices is added to analyze price fluctuations and find the optimal holding time for users of financial derivatives, thereby reducing the risk of holding the financial derivatives. The results show that the Monte Carlo model-based variance reduction technology can significantly improve the simulation efficiency of financial derivatives pricing. In addition, the importance sampling method is used to optimize the selection, thereby making it closer to the theoretical values. The proposed method is easy to implement and has higher computational efficiency, which can ensure the financial benefits of users holding financial derivatives during the holding period. It can be seen that the Monte Carlo model-based variance reduction technology has high application value in the pricing of financial derivatives, and it is of great significance for the pricing of other products.
To explore the diagnostic performance of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 in discriminating Gram bacteria types and predicting disease severity in intensive care unit (ICU)-hospitalized pediatric sepsis ...patients.
We retrospectively collected Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles of 146 microbiologically documented sepsis patients. Patients were categorized into Gram-positive (G+) or Gram-negative (G-) sepsis groups, and cytokine levels were compared. Subgroup analysis was designed to eliminate the influence of other inflammatory responses on cytokine levels.
After propensity score matching, 78 patients were matched and categorized according to Gram bacteria types. Compared with G+ sepsis, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly elevated in G- sepsis (p < 0.05). Spearman test proved the linear correlation between IL-6 and IL-10 (r = 0.654, p < 0.001), and their combination indicators (ratio and differences) were effective in identifying G- sepsis. In the subgroup analysis, such cytokine elevation was significant regardless of primary infection site. However, for patients with progressively deteriorating organ function new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (NPMODS), differences in IL-6 and IL-10 levels were less significant between G+ and G- sepsis. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the G- sepsis group, the area under the curve (AUC) value for IL-6 and IL-10 was 0.679 (95% CI 0.561-0.798) and 0.637 (95% CI 0.512-0.762), respectively. The optimal cutoff value for diagnosing G- sepsis was 76.77 pg/ml and 18.90 pg/ml, respectively. While for the NPMODS group, the AUC for IL-6 and IL-10 was 0.834 (95% CI 0.766-0.902) and 0.781 (95% CI 0.701-0.860), respectively.
IL-6 and IL-10 are comparably effective in discriminating G+/G- sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients. The deteriorated organ function observed in ICU patients reveals that complex inflammatory responses might have contributed to the cytokine pattern observed in severe sepsis patients, therefore confounding the discriminating efficacy of Th1/Th2 cytokines in predicting Gram bacteria types.
In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention because of their high energy conversion efficiency, low cost, and simple preparation process. Up to now, the photoelectric ...conversion efficiency of solar cells has been increased from 3.8% to 25.5%. Metal–organic skeleton-derived metal oxides and their composites (MOFs) are widely considered for application in PSCs due to their low and flat charge/discharge potential plateau, high capacity, and stable cycling performance. By combining MOFs and PSCs, based on the composition materials of perovskite film, electron transport layer, hole transport layer, and interfacial interlayer of PSCs, this article discusses the photovoltaic performance or structure optimization effect of MOFs in each function layer, which is of great significance to improve the photovoltaic performance of the cell. The problems faced by MOFs on perovskite solar cells are summarized, the next research directions are discussed, and the development of this crossover area of MOFs–PSC is foreseen to accelerate the comprehensive research and popularization of MOFs on PSCs.
Energy Resources; Energy storage; Energy materials; Devices
Reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOFC) is an energy device that flexibly interchanges between electrical and chemical energy according to people’s life and production needs. The development of cell ...materials affects the stability and cost of the cell, but also restricts its market-oriented development. After decades of research by scientists, a lot of achievements and progress have been made on RSOFC materials. According to the composition and requirements of each component of RSOFC, this article summarizes the research progress based on materials and discusses the merits and demerits of current cell materials in electrochemical performance. According to the efficiency of different materials in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC mode) and solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC mode), the challenges encountered by RSOFC in the operation are evaluated, and the future development of RSOFC materials is boldly prospected.
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Energy systems; Materials science; Energy materials
Here, we report a density functional theory (DFT) study on the endohedral metalloborospherenes Li@X4B32 (X = C and Si) as high-performance materials for drug delivery applications. Inspired by a new ...class of borospherenes which were designed by doping four C atoms in the B36
4-
nanocage (C4B32), we suggest the pristine and Li-doped C4B32 and Si4B32 nanoclusters as suitable materials for drug delivery applications. The main objective of the present work is to investigate the interaction of pristine X4B32 and Li@X4B32 nanoclusters with an anticancer drug (6-thioguanine) by DFT. Our ultraviolet-visible calculations reveal that the electronic spectra of the drug/nanocluster complexes show a red shift toward higher wavelengths (lower energies). To gain insight into the binding features of the studied nanoclusters with 6-thioguanine drug, the atoms in molecules analysis was performed. Our results determine the electrostatic nature of the 6-thioguanine/Li@C4B32 bonding. Consequently, our results represented that the Li@C4B32 could be a potential carrier for delivery of 6-thioguanine.
Frequent merging, overtaking, and lane-changing behaviors at freeway on-ramp areas usually cause traffic bottlenecks with low efficiency and significant safety concerns. Fortunately, the development ...of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) presents a promising technology for improving merging efficiency and safety. Current research on CAV merging strategies mainly focuses on single-lane scenarios and relies heavily on oversimplified simulation tests. To this end, this study proposes a merging strategy framework for the merging CAV in complex multi-lane mixed traffic scenarios, taking into account the potential interference caused by other vehicles' lane-changing behaviors. First, a merging gap selection method assists the merging CAV in choosing a more suitable merging gap. Then, a lateral speed control strategy provides the CAV with highly efficient lateral guidance by giving optimal lateral speed control parameters. Furthermore, a pre-merging safety preparation method controls the CAV to adjust its speed longitudinally to avoid potential conflicts. Finally, the merging execution part is proposed to guarantee the CAV an effective, safe, and comfortable merging experience. The proposed model is tested in merging scenarios extracted from the Delft freeway trajectory dataset. Results indicate that the proposed merging strategy can significantly improve the merging efficiency by 45%, while offering a safe and comfortable merging trajectory for CAVs in multi-lane mixed traffic scenarios.
Several components of the Wnt signaling cascade have been shown to function either as tumor suppressor proteins or as oncogenes in multiple human cancers, underscoring the relevance of this pathway ...in oncogenesis and the need for further investigation of Wnt signaling components as potential targets for cancer therapy. Here, using expression profiling analysis as well as in vitro and in vivo functional studies, we show that the Wnt pathway component BCL9 is a novel oncogene that is aberrantly expressed in human multiple myeloma as well as colon carcinoma. We show that BCL9 enhances beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activity regardless of the mutational status of the Wnt signaling components and increases cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and the metastatic potential of tumor cells by promoting loss of epithelial and gain of mesenchymal-like phenotype. Most importantly, BCL9 knockdown significantly increased the survival of xenograft mouse models of cancer by reducing tumor load, metastasis, and host angiogenesis through down-regulation of c-Myc, cyclin D1, CD44, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression by tumor cells. Together, these findings suggest that deregulation of BCL9 is an important contributing factor to tumor progression. The pleiotropic roles of BCL9 reported in this study underscore its value as a drug target for therapeutic intervention in several malignancies associated with aberrant Wnt signaling.
Background The American Heart Association has recommended tail-cuff blood pressure measurement for high-throughput experimental designs, including mutagenesis screens and genetic crosses. However, ...some tail-cuff methods show good agreement with radiotelemetry and others do not, indicating that each tail-cuff method requires independent validation. Methods We validated the volume–pressure recording (VPR) tail-cuff method by comparison to simultaneous radiotelemetry measurements. Results Bland–Altman analysis of 560 cycles from 26 independent measurement sessions showed good agreement between VPR and radiotelemetry measurements, with tail-cuff measurements being 0.25 mm Hg lower than telemetry measurements on average. However, the VPR method was less accurate, compared to radiotelemetry, at extreme high and low (i.e., <110 or >180 mm Hg) systolic blood pressures (SBPs). Conclusions We conclude that the VPR tail-cuff method provides accurate blood pressure measurements over the physiological range of blood pressure in mice.
Microgravity exposure is associated with loss of muscle mass and strength. The E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 plays an integral role in degrading the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle; MuRF1 null ...(KO) mice have shown protection in ground-based models of muscle atrophy. In contrast, MuRF1 KO mice subjected to 21 days of microgravity on the International Space Station (ISS) were not protected from muscle atrophy. In a time course experiment microgravity-induced muscle loss on the ISS showed MuRF1 gene expression was not upregulated. A comparison of the soleus transcriptome profiles between spaceflight and a publicly available data set for hindlimb suspension, a claimed surrogate model of microgravity, showed only marginal commonalities between the models. These findings demonstrate spaceflight induced atrophy is unique, and that understanding of effects of space requires study situated beyond the Earth's mesosphere.
Abel. is an economically important woody edible-oil species that is mainly cultivated in hilly areas of South China. The phosphorus (P) deficiency in the acidic soils poses severe challenges for the ...growth and productivity of
. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) have been proven to play important roles in biological processes and plant responses to various biotic/abiotic stresses, including P deficiency tolerance. In this study, 89 WRKY proteins with conserved domain were identified from the
diploid genome and divided into three groups, with group II further classified into five subgroups based on the phylogenetic relationships. WRKY variants and mutations were detected in the gene structure and conserved motifs of
. Segmental duplication events were considered as the primary driver in the expanding process of WRKY gene family in
. Based on transcriptomic analysis of two
varieties characterized with different P deficiency tolerances, 32
genes exhibited divergent expression patterns in response to P deficiency stress. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that
, -
,
, -
and -
had higher positive impact on P-efficient CL40 variety compared with P-inefficient CL3 variety. Similar expression trends of these
genes were further observed under P deficiency with longer treatment period of 120d. The result indicated the expression sensitivity of
on the P-efficient variety and the
cultivar specificity on the P deficiency tolerance. Tissue expression difference showed
may play a crucial role in the transportation and recycling P in leaves by affecting diverse metabolic pathways. The available evidences in the study conclusively shed light on the evolution of the
genes in
genome and provided a valuable resource for further investigation of functional characterization of
genes involved to enhance the P deficiency tolerance in
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