Objective: Propofol-based sedation has been widely used for gastroscopy, but the risk of respiratory suppression in elderly patients should not be overlooked. Intravenous (IV) lidocaine during ...surgery can reduce the demand for propofol and the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications. We examined whether IV lidocaine reduces the dose of propofol and the occurrence of adverse events during gastroscopy in elderly patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center, double-blind randomized controlled trial in elderly patients aged greater than or equal to65 years with ASA I-II. Subjects were randomly assigned to the lidocaine group (Group L, n=70), who received IV 1.5 mg kg.sup.-1 lidocaine followed by a continuous infusion of 4 mg kg.sup.-1 h.sup.-1 lidocaine, or the normal saline group (Group N, n=70), who received an equal volume of saline in the same way. Results: IV lidocaine reduced the total and maintenance propofol dose in Group L (p<0.001), with no significant effect on the induction dose. The incidence of intraoperative hypoxia (p=0.035), emergency airway management events (p=0.005), duration of gastroscopy (p<0.05), consciousness recovery time (p<0.001), and postoperative pain (p=0.009) were all reduced in Group L. Patient (p=0.025) and gastroscopist (p=0.031) satisfaction was higher in Group L. Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, the respiratory rate, the incidence of sedation-related events and anesthesiologist satisfaction were similar between the two groups. Conclusion: IV lidocaine can significantly reduce the amount of propofol, the incidence of hypoxia and postoperative pain during gastroscopy in elderly patients, with a higher patient and gastroscopist satisfaction. Keywords: lidocaine, propofol, gastroscopy, elderly patient, sedation
This study was designed to investigate the current prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) and its association with hypertension in rural adults of Northeast China. A cross-sectional study was ...performed in subjects aged⩾35 years in a general Chinese population. Demographic data, laboratory examination of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and self-reported information on lifestyle factors, such as physical activities, current smoking and drinking status, dietary habits and familial factors were collected by trained personnel. A total of 7130 participants (3317 men and 3813 women) were included in this study and the mean Hhcy level of the whole population was 17.39±12.34 mmol l(-1), which was 20.99±14.83 mmol l(-1) in males and 14.19±8.51 mmol l(-1) in females, respectively. Prevalence of Hhcy in total population was 41.3%. Stratified by gender, the prevalence of Hhcy was higher in males than in females (59.0 vs 25.8%, P<0.05). After adjustment for conventional risk factors including age, salt intake, smoking, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia, activity time and family history, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that Hhcy was independently associated with the risk of hypertension in males (odds ratio (OR)=1.501, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.012-2.227; P<0.001), but not in females in this population (OR=1.182; 95% CI, 0.993-1.407; P=0.060). In conclusion, a high prevalence of Hhcy in the general adult population of rural northeast China was detected and Hhcy may be a risk factor for hypertension, particularly in males.
This study aims to explore the ocular surface of late stage eye burns by impression cytology (IC) and analyze the cytological changes and their relationship to ocular surface abnormalities.
68 eyes ...with late stage eye burns (thermal burn: 28 eyes; alkali burn: 26 eyes; acid burn: 14 eyes), procured from 68 patients (aged ranges from 17 to 70 years old). Ocular surface abnormalities were assessed under slit lamp and graded. These were broadly classified as eyelid, corneal, conjunctival, and tear film abnormalities. Impression cytological examination was taken by cellulose acetate filter paper for all eyes. Samples were analyzed and scored under light microscope, including the status of epithelial cells, goblet cells, mucus and inflammatory cells. All the results and data were compared and analyzed by SPSS software (version 16.0).
According to the IC results, loosed cell-to-cell density and nuclear abnormality, keratinization, reduced goblet cell amount, disorder of mucus, and existing of inflammatory cells were observed in almost all the cases. The IC results were significantly correlated to the ocular surface injury severity (r=0.458, p<0.01). The ocular surface injury severity mostly contains three aspects: the corneal neovascularization scales, the present or absent of recurrent epithelial erosion and the tear film break-up time. Eyes with the foreword three symptoms were inclined to have higher IC scores. The epithelial cell-to-cell density, goblet cell and mucus amount were all correlated to tear film break-up time. However, inflammatory cell density showed no significant correlation to the conjunctival hyperemia grade. But inflammatory cell density correlated to the corneal opacity grade and epithelial stability status.
IC examinations could reflect the cytological disorders and relative injury severity of the ocular surface in late stage eye burns. It provides further information which will be useful in surgery and therapy.
Background: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is one of the most common and severe complications in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). It indicates a poor prognosis in AIS patients. However, ...the association of neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR) with HT remains unclear. Purpose: This study examined whether the NHR has a predictive effect on HT in AIS patients and explored the predictive cutoff value of the NHR. Methods: This is a retrospective study and consecutively included AIS patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College between December 2019 and January 2022. All subjects had blood samples collected within 24 h of admission, and neutrophil counts and high-density lipoprotein counts were detected. HT was diagnosed with hemorrhage on subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) of the brain. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify confounding factors, and multivariate logistic regression analysis determined the correlation between NHR and HT. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the clinical predictive value of NHR. Results: A total of 725 patients were finally included in this study, of which 87 (12%) developed HT. The median NHR value in the HT group was 4.31, which was significantly higher than that in the non-HT group, and the difference was statistically significant 4.31 (3.54– 6.24) vs 3.63 (2.68– 4.64), p < 0.001. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that NHR was independently associated with HT in AIS patients (OR: 1.180, 95% CI: 1.036– 1.344, p = 0.013). The area under ROC curve (AUC) of NHR for predicting HT in AIS patients was 0.633 (95% CI: 0.567– 0.699, p < 0.001), and its optimal cutoff were 3.52. Conclusion: The NHR was a reliable and simple independent predictor of HT in AIS patients.
Novel organic/inorganic hybrid copolymers have been prepared using single site catalysis. Ethylene copolymers incorporating a norbornylene-substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) ...macromonomer have been prepared using a metallocene/methylaluminoxane (MAO) cocatalyst system. Isotactic polypropylene-containing POSS nanoparticles were also synthesized for the first time using a similar approach utilizing a C 2 symmetric ansa-metallocene. A wide range of POSS concentrations were obtained in these polyolefin POSS copolymers under mild conditions, up to 56 wt % for PE-POSS copolymers and 73 wt % for PP-POSS copolymers. Initial findings point to improved thermooxidative stability for these nanocomposite polyolefins containing the “molecular silica” side groups relative to their homopolymer analogues. Thermogravimetric analysis of the PE-POSS copolymers under air shows a 90 °C improvement, relative to a polyethylene control sample of similar molecular weight, in the onset of decomposition temperature based upon 5% mass loss. On the basis of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, the tensile properties of the PE-POSS copolymer were maintained at low POSS loadings. A modulus plateau at temperatures above 175 °C is observed, indicating suppression of melt flow for polyethylene POSS copolymers.
The solar grating spectrometer is an important tool to study the thermodynamic properties of the solar atmosphere with different height distribution, but its imaging performance will be degraded by ...the wavefront aberration. On the other hand, narrow slit of the grating spectrometer will filter the wavefront aberration to a certain extent. In this paper, the mathematical relation between the wavefront aberration and the imaging performance of the grating spectrometer is derived. The numerical simulation is performed and is validated by the experiment. The results demonstrate that: The influence of the wavefront aberration with the different types and magnitudes on the spectral resolution and the energy utilization is different. The influence of the different slits on the wavefront aberrations is different. Generally, the smaller the slit is, the better the spectral resolution is. However, this is not true for the low-frequency dominated aberration, e.g. the defocus, since its low frequency will also be blocked by the narrow slit. If the influence of the filter slit on the wavefront aberration cannot be taken into account, it will lead to adaptive optics over-compensation.
The concept of one-protein-multiple-function, i.e. moonlighting proteins, is an ever-expanding paradigm. We obtained compelling evidence that an array of 'cytoplasmic' metabolic enzymes can enter the ...nuclei to carry out moonlighting transcription functions; this phenomenon is conserved from Drosophila to humans. Of particular interest are the classical glycolytic enzymes GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), which utilize NAD(H) as coenzymes and not only moonlight (in their nuclear forms) to regulate the transcription of S-phase-specific histone genes, but also act as metabolic/redox sensors that link histone gene switching to DNA replication and S-phase progression.
To evaluate the compliance rate and its impact factors of liver cancer screening for high-risk groups in urban areas of Henan Province from 2013 to 2019.
Residents of 40-74 years old in 8 cities of ...Henan province were selected to investigate the risk factors and liver cancer risk assessment. Subjects with high risk of liver cancer received AFP combined ultrasonography for screening. Chi-square tests were used to compare the differences in liver cancer screening participation rates between groups. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to explore the potential factors correlating to the compliance of liver cancer screening.
Overall, 3 6781 participants who met the inclusion criteria were included in this analysis, and 17 241 of them took the following liver cancer screening, yielding a participation rate of 46.87%. The participation rate varied greatly across cities, ranging from 62.50% to 38.59%. Moreover, the participation rate varied greatly across periods, ranging from 52.77% in 2014-2015 to
To reveal the involvement of molecules in the pathogenesis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) by bioinformatics analyses.
The microarray data of B-ALL were downloaded from the Gene ...Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and Qlucore Omics Explorer software was used to screen differentially expressed miRNA. Based on the differentially expressed miRNAs, we predicted the target genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and transcription factors (TFs). Then we constructed the miRNAs-centered comprehensive regulatory network. In addition, we performed functional enrichment analysis to analyze the functions of target genes.
Of all the 15 differentially expressed miRNAs, 7 miRNAs were of overexpression, 8 miRNAs underexpressed. From the miRNAs comprehensive regulatory network, we found that hsa-miR-486-3p and hsa-miR-126 regulated a large number of target genes, hsa-miR-126 including target genes MYC. The hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-130a and hsa-miR-181c regu- lated a lot of lncRNAs containing X-inactive-specific transcri
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