The Yangtze River Economic Belt plays a crucial role in the economic development of China from the perspective of economic growth, as well as from the perspective of the goal of the emission peak and ...carbon neutrality. In this study, the dynamic and causal relationships among economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions of the provinces and municipalities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt were analyzed using the panel vector autoregression (PVAR) model. The results revealed that the economic growth and the changes in CO2 emissions in the current period are significantly influenced by the economic growth and CO2 emissions in the preceding period, while the energy consumptionin the current period is influenced by the economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the preceding period. The results of the Granger causality test based on panel data suggested that among the three sets of causalities involving economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions, only economic growth and CO2 emissions have one-way causality, while the other two sets of causalities are two-way. Further, the results of the impulse response function and variance decomposition showed significantly positive effects and a certain degree of path dependence among economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions.
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy provides a noninvasive and highly sensitive route for fingerprint and label‐free detection of a wide range of molecules. Recently, flexible SERS ...has attracted increasingly tremendous research interest due to its unique advantages compared to rigid substrate‐based SERS. Here, the latest advances in flexible substrate‐based SERS diagnostic devices are investigated in‐depth. First, the intriguing prospect of point‐of‐care diagnostics is briefly described, followed by an introduction to the cutting‐edge SERS technique. Then, the focus is moved from conventional rigid substrate‐based SERS to the emerging flexible SERS technique. The main part of this report highlights the recent three categories of flexible SERS substrates, including actively tunable SERS, swab‐sampling strategy, and the in situ SERS detection approach. Furthermore, other promising means of flexible SERS are also introduced. The flexible SERS substrates with low‐cost, batch‐fabrication, and easy‐to‐operate characteristics can be integrated into portable Raman spectroscopes for point‐of‐care diagnostics, which are conceivable to penetrate global markets and households as next‐generation wearable sensors in the near future.
Flexible surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors have attracted great research attention owing to their distinct superiorities that the traditional rigid SERS substrates are not accessible to. Recent innovative strategies in developing flexible SERS sensors based on actively tunable plasmonic resonance, swab‐sampling route, and the in situ detection approach are highlighted, which affords unprecedented opportunities to realize point‐of‐care diagnostics in diverse applications.
Numerous studies have highlighted that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can bind to microRNA (miRNA) sites as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), thereby affecting and regulating the expression of ...mRNAs and target genes. These lncRNA-associated ceRNAs have been theorized to play a significant role in cancer initiation and progression. However, the roles and functions of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (SCCT) are still unclear.
The miRNA, mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles from 138 patients with SCCT were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We identified the differential expression of miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs using the limma package of R software. We used the clusterProfiler package for GO and KEGG pathway annotations. The survival package was used to estimate survival analysis according to the Kaplan-Meier curve. Finally, the GDCRNATools package was used to construct the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network.
In total, 1943 SCCT-specific mRNAs, 107 lncRNAs and 100 miRNAs were explored. Ten mRNAs (CSRP2, CKS2, ADGRG6, MB21D1, GMNN, RIPOR3, RAD51, PCLAF, ORC1, NAGS), 9 lncRNAs (LINC02560, HOXC13 - AS, FOXD2 - AS1, AC105277.1, AC099850.3, STARD4 - AS1, SLC16A1 - AS1, MIR503HG, MIR100HG) and 8 miRNAs (miR - 654, miR - 503, miR - 450a, miR - 379, miR - 369, miR - 190a, miR - 101, and let-7c) were found to be significantly associated with overall survival (log-rank p < 0.05). Based on the analysis of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network, one differentially expressed (DE) lncRNA, five DEmiRNAs, and three DEmRNAs were demonstrated to be related to the pathogenesis of SCCT.
In this study, we described the gene regulation by the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network in the progression of SCCT. We propose a new lncRNA-associated ceRNA that could help in the diagnosis and treatment of SCCT.
This paper constructs a diversified Japanese language course recommendation model based on the autoencoder network model using deep learning, which includes stack autoencoder, self-attention ...mechanism encoder, and relevance decoder. A system for evaluating the quality of Japanese language education was constructed using hierarchical analysis. The correlation between the Japanese listening test and the degree of innovation of diversified Japanese language education courses and the influence of the innovation of diversified Japanese language education courses on students’ Japanese language performance were analyzed, respectively. The study showed that the correlation coefficient between the Japanese listening test score and the diversified Japanese language education program was 0.865, and the students who received the diversified Japanese language education program scored 7 points higher than the students who received the traditional Japanese language education program.
In the context of the widely recognized concept of inclusive green growth, it is of great practical significance to study the measurement of inclusive green growth, its temporal characteristics and ...its spatial heterogeneity. However, it should be noted that most existing studies only consider the situation of China when constructing inclusive green growth indices, and such studies lack international comparators. The index selection dimension is relatively single, and the temporal characteristics and spatial heterogeneity are rarely studied simultaneously. In this study, a spatial correlation analysis method is introduced, and the time series characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of inclusive green growth are deeply analyzed by means of a Moran’ I and LISA agglomeration diagram. The results show that: (1) Economic development, fair opportunity, green production and consumption and ecological environment protection are important factors affecting the level of inclusive green growth, but their development is not balanced; (2) Inclusive green growth has obvious time series characteristics, but there are great differences between provinces and regions; (3) The inclusive green growth has significant spatial heterogeneity. From 2010 to 2019, the inclusive green growth level has a dynamic evolution process. Moran’s I Index Global Spatial Test results show that inclusive green growth has obvious spatial autocorrelation, that is, it has great spatial differences. Local spatial test results also show that the inclusive green growth in China has obvious spatial aggregation characteristics. Therefore, it is important to coordinate the development of inclusive green growth between provinces and regions and improve the overall level of inclusive green growth in the future.
The problem of calculation of low-energy impulse trajectories to halo orbits in the vicinity of the
L
2
point of the Earth–Moon system is considered. A new method for calculating the trajectories of ...a single-impulse low-energy flight to a halo orbit is presented. The limited problem of four bodies is analyzed, within which the attraction of the Earth, Moon, and Sun is taken into account, and their position and speed are calculated using high-precision ephemeris support. Particular attention in the development of the method is paid to ensuring its computational stability for calculating trajectories with a long stay of a spacecraft (SC) in the zone of weak stability near the boundary of the Hill sphere of the Earth. The results of the calculation of single-impulse transfer trajectories from low Earth orbit to halo orbit around the L
2
point of the Earth–Moon system are given. The analysis of the dependence of the main characteristics of single-impulse trajectories from the date of approach to the halo orbit is carried out.
An Fe–N‐decorated hybrid material of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown in situ from porous carbon microblocks is designed and constructed. This material successfully combines the desirable merits for ...oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), such as highly active Fe–N species, good conductivity, large pore size, and sufficient surface area. These structural advantages give this low‐priced material an outstanding catalytic performance for ORR closely comparable with Pt/C of the same quantity.
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become the most promising converter technology for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. However, similar to any other voltage-sourced ...converter-based HVDC system, MMC-HVDC systems with the half-bridge submodules (SMs) lack the capability of handling dc-side short-circuit faults, which are of severe concern for overhead transmission lines. In this paper, two new SM circuit configurations as well as a hybrid design methodology to embed the dc-fault-handling capability in the MMC-HVDC systems are proposed. By combining the features of various SM configurations, the dc-fault current path through the freewheeling diodes is eliminated and the dc-fault current is enforced to zero. Several MMC configurations based on the proposed hybrid design method and various SM circuits, that is, the half-bridge, the full-bridge, the clamp-double, and the five-level cross-connected SMs, as well as the newly proposed unipolar-voltage full-bridge and three-level cross-connected SMs, are investigated and compared in terms of the dc-fault-handing capability, semiconductor power losses, and component requirements. The studies are carried out based on time-domain simulation in the PSCAD/EMTDC software environment for various SM configurations and dc-fault conditions. The reported study results demonstrate the proposed hybrid-designed MMC-HVDC system based on the combination of the half-bridge and the proposed SM circuits is the optimal design among all evaluated systems in terms of the dc-fault-handing capability, semiconductor power losses, and component requirements.
Cuproptosis is a novel copper ion-dependent cell death type being regulated in cells, and this is quite different from the common cell death patterns such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ...ferroptosis. Interestingly, like with death patterns, cuproptosis-related genes have recently been reported to regulate the occurrence and progression of various tumors. However, in bladder cancer, the link between cuproptosis and clinical outcome, tumor microenvironment (TME) modification, and immunotherapy is unknown. To determine the role of cuprotosis in the tumor microenvironment, we systematically examined the characteristic patterns of 10 cuproptosis-related genes in bladder cancer (BLCA). By analyzing principal component data, we established a cuproptosis score to determine the degree of cuproptosis among patients. Finally, we evaluated the potential of these values in predicting BLCA prognosis and treatment responses. A comprehensive study of the mutations of cuproptosis-related genes in BLCA specimens was conducted at the genetic level, and their expression and survival patterns were evaluated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Two cuproptosis patterns were constructed based on the transcription level of 10 cuproptosis-related genes, featuring differences in the prognosis and the infiltrating landscape of immune cells (especially T and dendritic cells) with interactions between cuproptosis and the TME. Our study further demonstrated that cuproptosis score may predict prognosis, immunophenotype sensitivity to chemotherapy, and immunotherapy response among bladder cancer patients. The development and progression of bladder cancer are likely to be influenced by cuproptosis, which may involve a diverse and complex TME. The cuproptosis pattern evaluated in our study may enhance understanding of immune infiltrations and guide more potent immunotherapy interventions.
Unlike traditional financial crises, COVID-19 is a global public health crisis with a significant negative impact on the global economy. Meanwhile, the stock market has been hit hard, and corporate ...share prices have become more volatile. However, the stock prices of some enterprises with good performance of ESG (Environment, Social, and Governance) are relatively stable in the epidemic. This paper selects ESG rating data from MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) with better differentiation, adopts multiple regression and dummy variables, and adopts the Differences-in-Differences (DID)model with the help of COVID-19, an exogenous event. Empirical test the impact of ESG performance on the company's stock price fluctuations. The results show that the stock price volatility of companies with good ESG performance is lower than that of companies with poor performance. Second, COVID-19 exacerbates volatility in company stock prices, but the increase in stock price volatility of companies with good ESG performance is small. That is, good ESG performance helps reduce the increase in stock price volatility due to COVID-19 shock, and plays a role in enhancing "resilience" and stabilizing stock prices. This paper provides new empirical evidence for the study of ESG performance and corporate stock price volatility, and puts forward relevant policy recommendations for enterprises and government departments.
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