Renin-angiotensin system blockers (RASBs), which include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-2 receptor 1 blockers (ARBs), have been reported to be associated with lung ...cancer metastasis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Until now, very limited clinical data for RASBs' diagnostic and prognostic effects has existed for lung cancer chemotherapy in Chinese patients.
There were a total of 678 lung cancer patients with hypertension, of which 461 (68%) were in the non-RASBs group and 217 (32%) were in the RASBs group. Patients' gender, age, smoking status, histologic differentiation, tumor size, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage and progression-free survival (PFS) were retrospectively analyzed between these two groups. The clinical effects of ACEIs and ARBs in lung cancer patients were compared via t tests, and
test, and potential prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Significant differences were observed in lymph node metastasis between the RASBs and non-RASBs groups. The RASBs group (62.8% vs 71.7%,
= 0.037) and ARBs group (60.0% vs 71.7%,
= 0.030) had lower lymph node metastasis, and patients with RASBs had a lower pathological stage than those in non-RASBs groups (67.1% vs 77.4%,
= 0.044 ). The PFS of the RASBs (10.7 vs. 6.7 months,
= 0.040) and ACEIs (12.9 vs 6.7 months,
= 0.021) groups were longer than that of the non-RASBs group, while no statistical difference was shown between the ACEIs and ARBs groups. Moreover, the significant results of PFS were further confirmed in pathological stage III-IV patients. In the non-RASB group, 55% of patients took calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and the ACEIs group have a significantly longer PFS compared to the non-CCBs group (6.4 vs 12.9 months,
= 0.036).
In this study, we showed that the use of RASBs is a positive factor for pathological stage and prognosis of lung cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to actively evaluate medical history, especially the use of anti-hypertension medication, in patients with lung cancer and reflect medical history in the treatment and management plans of these patients.
Frozen and thawed embryo transfer (FET) is currently widely applied in routine assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedure. It is of great necessity to assess the safety of FET and investigate ...the long-term effect including glucose metabolism on FET-conceived offspring. The mouse model is a highly efficient method to figure out the relationship between the process of FET and offspring health. In this study, we obtained mouse offspring of natural conception (NC),
fertilization (IVF), and FET. Glucose and insulin tolerance test (GTT/ITT) were performed on both chow fed or high fat diet (HFD) fed offspring to examine the glucose metabolism status. We detected hepatic PI3K/AKT pathway by western blotting and transcriptome status by RNA-sequencing. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and decreased insulin tolerance were occurred in FET conceived male offspring. After challenged with the HFD-fed, male offspring in FET group performed earlier and severer IGT than IVF group. Furthermore, higher HOMA-IR index and higher serum insulin level post glucose injected in FET-chow group suggested the insulin resistance status. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, the major pathway of insulin in the liver, were also disrupted in FET group. Transcriptomics of the liver reveals significantly downregulated in glucose metabolic process and insulin resistance in the FET-chow group. In our study, FET-conceived male mouse offspring presented glucose metabolism dysfunction mainly manifesting insulin resistance. The hepatic insulin signaling pathway were in concordance with reduced glycogen synthesis, increased glycolysis and enhanced gluconeogenesis status in FET-conceived male offspring.
Oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant status have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and free radicals can cause considerable damage to the ...acetylcholine receptors. 388 individuals, including 97 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), 135 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 156 healthy controls, were assessed for serum levels of bilirubin and uric acid (UA), in order to determine the levels of these natural antioxidants in the serum. We found that serum UA levels in patients with MG were significantly lower (266.03 ± 93.09 μmol/l) compared with those of the healthy control group (338.87 ± 107.10 μmol/l, p = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference of serum UA levels between patients with MG and those with MS (p = 0.071). We also found that serum levels of total, direct and indirect bilirubin in patients with MG were significantly lower, compared with those in the healthy control group, whether male or female. From this study, we conclude that serum levels of bilirubin and UA are lower in MG patients.
For the binary classification of functional data, we propose the continuum centroid classifier (CCC), which is constructed by projecting the functional data onto one specific direction. This ...direction is obtained via bridging the regression and classification. Our technique is neither unsupervised nor fully supervised; instead, we control the extent of the supervision. Thanks to the intrinsic infinite dimension of functional data, one of the two subtypes of CCC enjoys an (asymptotic) zero misclassification rate. Our approach includes an effective algorithm that yields a consistent empirical classifier. Simulation studies demonstrate the competitive performance of the CCC in different scenarios. Finally, we apply the CCC to two real examples.
Résumé
Pour la classification binaire de données fonctionnelles, les auteurs proposent le classificateur au continuum du centroïde (CCC) qui est construit en projetant les données fonctionnelles sur une direction spécifique obtenue en faisant le relais entre la régression et la classification. La technique des auteurs n'est ni entièrement supervisée, ni non supervisée, puisqu'ils contrôlent l'ampleur de la supervision. Grâce à la dimension intrinsèque infinie des données fonctionnelles, l'un de deux sous‐types de CCC présente un taux (aymptotique) nul de mauvaise classification. Les auteurs décrivent un algorithme efficace qui donne un classificateur empirique convergent. Ils démontrent par des simulations que le CCC offre des performances compétitives sous différents scénarios. Finalement, ils appliquent le CCC à deux exemples réels.
This work was aimed at studying the method of computer-aided diagnosis of early knee OA (OA: osteoarthritis). Based on the technique of MRI (MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging) T2 Mapping, through ...computer image processing, feature extraction, calculation and analysis via constructing a classifier, an effective computer-aided diagnosis method for knee OA was created to assist doctors in their accurate, timely and convenient detection of potential risk of OA. In order to evaluate this method, a total of 1380 data from the MRI images of 46 samples of knee joints were collected. These data were then modeled through linear regression on an offline general platform by the use of the ImageJ software, and a map of the physical parameter T2 was reconstructed. After the image processing, the T2 values of ten regions in the WORMS (WORMS: Whole-organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score) areas of the articular cartilage were extracted to be used as the eigenvalues in data mining. Then,a RBF (RBF: Radical Basis Function) network classifier was built to classify and identify the collected data. The classifier exhibited a final identification accuracy of 75%, indicating a good result of assisting diagnosis. Since the knee OA classifier constituted by a weights-directly-determined RBF neural network didn't require any iteration, our results demonstrated that the optimal weights, appropriate center and variance could be yielded through simple procedures. Furthermore, the accuracy for both the training samples and the testing samples from the normal group could reach 100%. Finally, the classifier was superior both in time efficiency and classification performance to the frequently used classifiers based on iterative learning. Thus it was suitable to be used as an aid to computer-aided diagnosis of early knee OA.
To explore the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in anal fistula.
A total of 2160 patients were clinically diagnosed with anal fistula at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun ...Yat-sen University from March 2010 to September 2015. Among them, 232 cases with operative history at other hospital, 218 with Crohn's disease, 6 with rectum cancer and 8 with other disease were excluded, and 1696 patients were finally enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. The saggital FSE T2WI imaging was confirmed based on the midline of body, and then the coronal and axial scanning line were confirmed. The key point was that the coronal scanning line must parallel and the axial scanning line must be perpendicular to the major axis of anal canal. The characteristics of anal fistula were recorded, and anal fistula were classified as five types, including intersphincteric, transphincteric, suprasphincteric, extrasphincteric and superficial fistula according to the Parks classification and our experience. The distributi
To evaluate the influences of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) types and Riolan artery arcade absence on the incidence of anastomotic leakage(AL) after laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer.
...Clinical data of 116 local advanced rectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic resection in The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2012 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. IMA and Riolan artery arcade were examined by preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) reconstruction. The influences of IMA type, Riolan artery arcade absence and ligation site (high or low) on AL were analyzed by Logistic regression.
The proportion of IMA types(I(-IIII() was 57.8%(67/116), 10.3%(12/116), 31.0%(36/116) and 0.9%(1/116), respectively. Riolan artery arcade absence was found in 60.3%(70/116). Eight (6.9%) patients suffered from AL. IMA type III( had significantly higher AL incidence as compared to other IMA types 19.4%(7/36) vs. 1.2%(1/80), P=0.001. Meanwhile, patients with Rio
Learning to Auto-Correct for High-Quality Spectrograms Zhou, Zhiyang; Liu, Shihui
ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP),
2023-June-4
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
Non-autoregressive text-to-speech (TTS) has achieved impressive inference speedup but at the cost of inferior voice quality. The fundamental reason lies in the gap between the complexity of data ...distributions and the capability of modeling methods. Previous works utilize either simplifying data distributions or enhancing modeling methods to alleviate the problem. In this work, we propose a new architecture ReAct-Speech to explicitly learn to "auto-correct" for high-quality spectrograms. Specifically, ReActSpeech utilizes a redistribution module to improve (correct) extracted alignments automatically, and an iterative decoder called revisor to refine (correct) spectrograms iteratively. Extensive experiments conducted on several benchmarks show that ReActSpeech can greatly alleviate the above problem and achieve a nice tradeoff between training time, inference speed, and output quality.
Anal fistula is the most common perianal lesion in Crohn disease (CD), which usually is complicated and difficult to treat, and has a high recurrence rate and serious influence on the quality of life ...of patients. Inaccurate or incomplete intervention may result in irreversible damage. In order to achieve the best outcome, an optimal disease assessment is crucial. Many imaging modalities are useful for the evaluation of perianal fistulas in CD, which may help confirm the diagnosis, accurately classify the disease, plan the most suitable treatment, and monitor the efficacy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and anal endosonography (AES) are considered to be the suitable options for evaluation of the initial perianal fistula, both in terms of sensitivity and specificity, while MRI is more suitable for monitoring the curative efficacy. Fistulography (by X ray or CT) is generally less applied due to inferior soft tissue performance, radiation exposure, etc. This paper reviews the v
To assess geographic and sociodemographic variations in prevalence of mental health symptoms among US youths.
We analyzed data from the Household Pulse Survey, phases 3.5 and 3.6, between June 1 and ...November 14, 2022. The sample included 103 296 households with an estimated 190 017 youths younger than 18 years. We defined mental health symptoms based on parental responses and estimated prevalence by state and subgroups, including race/ethnicity, parental education, household income, housing tenure, household food sufficiency, and health insurance coverage. All analyses incorporated sampling weight.
An estimated 34.5% (95% confidence interval CI = 33.7%, 35.3%) of youths had parent-reported mental health symptoms. The prevalence of symptoms varied across states, ranging from 27.9% (95% CI = 23.8%, 32.0%) in Florida to 46.4% (95% CI = 41.9%, 50.9%) in New Hampshire. We observed variations by subgroup, with youths in households that did not pay rent reporting a prevalence of 43.8% (95% CI = 39.3%, 48.4%) and those experiencing food insufficiency reporting a prevalence of 56.0% (95% CI = 50.9%, 61.2%).
There is an urgent need for attention to mental health challenges among youths, taking into account geographic and sociodemographic variations. (
2023;113(10):1116-1119. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307355).
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