Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as novel biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. However, the mixture of GC subtypes may have led to the inconsistent circulating miRNA ...profiles, and the clinical performance of circulating miRNAs has not yet been evaluated independently on early detection of GC.
A four-phase study was designed with a total of 160 cancer-free controls, 124 patients with gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) and 36 patients diagnosed gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). In the discovery phase, we screened the miRNA expression profile in plasma of 40 GNCA patients (stage I) and 40 matched controls by TaqMan low density array (TLDA) chips with pooled samples. Differentially expressed miRNAs were further validated in individual sample using quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) in the training phase. Subsequently, in an independent validation phase, the identified miRNAs were evaluated in 48 GNCA patients (stage I) and 102 matched controls. Finally, the identified miRNAs were further assessed in an external validation phase including advanced GNCA and GCA patients. Additionally, the expression levels of identified miRNAs were measured in the media of BGC823 and MGC803 cell lines.
Five miRNAs (miR-16, miR-25, miR-92a, miR-451 and miR-486-5p) showed consistently elevated levels in plasma of the GC patients as compared with controls, and were identified to be potential markers for GNCA with area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.850 to 0.925 and 0.694 to 0.790 in the training and validation phases, respectively. The five-miRNA panel presented a high diagnostic accuracy for the early-stage GNCA (AUCs=0.989 and 0.812 for the training and validation phases, respectively). Three miRNAs (miR-16, miR-25 and miR-92a) were excreted into the culture media of GC cell lines.
The five-miRNA panel in plasma may serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker in detecting the early-stage GC.
•Cyclic uniaxial increasing-amplitude decreasing-frequency (CUIADF) loads on pre-flawed rock.•Rock bridge length affects strength, volumetric deformation AE b-value and failure modes.•A new damage ...variable is defined using AE accumulative energy and an inverted “S” shaped damage evolution model was proposed.•CT images highlight the coalescence pattern and three coalescence modes were identified.
Rock mass is often encountered with complicated stress disturbance, the cyclic or fatigue loading path with fixed loading frequency and amplitude are widely performed. To date, however, rock instability induced by cyclic uniaxial increasing-amplitude decreasing-frequency (CUIADF) loads was not well understood. In this work, granite samples containing a circular hole and two fissures with different rock bridge length were used to conduct CUIADF loading tests. The fatigue strength, deformation, AE output activities, damage propagation and crack coalescence were comprehensively investigated. Testing results show that the fatigue strength, volumetric deformation and fatigue lifetime increase with increasing rock bridge length. The AE-b value decreases as cyclic number grows and it is relatively large for rock having high rock bridge length. A new damage variable is defined using AE accumulative energy and an inverted “S” shaped damage evolution model was proposed to describe rock damage propagation in the entire process. Moreover, three failure modes of single tensile coalescence, single shear coalescence and double shear coalescence were revealed from the reconstructed CT images. It is suggested that the rock bridge length impacts the rock instability a lot, and the interactions between the hole and fissure are the weakest for a sample with long rock bridge.
Highlights • Dysbindin-1B harbors the tendency of aggregation. • Aggregates of dysbindin-1B propagate along neuronal circuitry. • The propagation of dysbindin-1B is mediated by exosomes. • ...Aggregation of dysbindin-1B is neurotoxic. • The toxic effect of dysbindin-1B can be propagated into recipient neurons.
Oxygen isotope speleothem records exhibit coherent variability over the pan-Asian summer monsoon (AM) region. The hydroclimatic representation of these oxygen isotope records for the AM, however, has ...remained poorly understood. Here, combining an isotope-enabled Earth system model in transient experiments with proxy records, we show that the widespread AM δ
O
signal during the last deglaciation (20 to 11 thousand years ago) is accompanied by a continental-scale, coherent hydroclimate footprint, with spatially opposite signs in rainfall. This footprint is generated as a dynamically coherent response of the AM system primarily to meltwater forcing and secondarily to insolation forcing and is further reinforced by atmospheric teleconnection. Hence, widespread δ
O
depletion in the AM region is accompanied by a northward migration of the westerly jet and enhanced southwesterly monsoon wind, as well as increased rainfall from South Asia (India) to northern China but decreased rainfall in southeast China.
The emergence of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza demonstrated that pandemic viruses could be generated in swine. Subsequent reintroduction of H1N1/2009 to swine has occurred in multiple countries. ...Through systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in swine from a Hong Kong abattoir, we characterize a reassortant progeny of H1N1/2009 with swine viruses. Swine experimentally infected with this reassortant developed mild illness and transmitted infection to contact animals. Continued reassortment of H1N1/2009 with swine influenza viruses could produce variants with transmissibility and altered virulence for humans. Global systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in swine is warranted.
Population synthesis for symbiotic X-ray binaries Lü, G.-L; Zhu, C.-H; Postnov, K. A ...
Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
11 August 2012, Letnik:
424, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Symbiotic X-ray binaries (SyXBs) comprise a rare class of low-mass X-ray binaries. We study the Galactic SyXBs, which we consider as detached binaries composed of low-mass giants and ...wind-fed neutron star (NS) companions, by simulation of the interaction of a magnetized NS with its environment and utilizing a population synthesis code. We focus mainly on the parameters that influence the observational appearance of an SyXB: the donor wind velocity (v
w) and the angular momentum distribution in the shell of matter settling on to an NS. We estimate the birthrate of SyXBs as ∼4.1 × 10−5 to ∼6.6 × 10−6 yr−1 and their number in the Galaxy as ∼100-1000. The assumed stellar wind velocity from cool giants is the input parameter that influences the model SyXB population most.
Among known SyXBs or candidate systems, 4U 1954+31 and IGR J16358−4724 in which the NSs have very long spin periods may host quasi-spherically accreting NSs. GX 1+4 has a peculiar long-term spin behaviour and it may also be a quasi-spherical wind-accreting source. We cannot identify whether there are wind-fed accretion discs in 4U 1700+24, Sct X-1, IRXS J180431.1−273932 and 2XMM J174016.0−290337.
Background The diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma, one of the commonest cancers seen in childhood and adolescence, is challenging. There is a crucial need to identify and delineate the prevalence of ...associated symptoms in order to improve early diagnosis. Aims To identify clinical presentations associated with childhood and adolescent B-cell lymphomas and estimate symptom prevalence. Methods A systematic review of observational studies and meta-analysis of proportions was carried out. Medline and EMBASE were systematically searched, with no language restrictions, from inception to 1st August 2022. Observational studies with at least 10 participants, exploring clinical presentations of any childhood and adolescent lymphoma, were selected. Proportions from each study were inputted to determine the weighted average (pooled) proportion, through random-effects meta-analysis. Results Studies reported on symptoms, signs and presentation sites at diagnosis of 12,207 children and adolescents up to the age of 20. Hodgkin's lymphoma most frequently presented with adenopathy in the head-and-neck region (79% 95% CI 58%-91%), whilst non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presented abdominally (55% 95% CI 43%-68%). Symptoms associated with lymphoma included cervical lymphadenopathy (48% 95% CI 20%-77%), peripheral lymphadenopathy (51% 95% CI 37%-66%), B-symptoms (40% 95% CI 34%-44%), fever (43% 95% CI 34%-54%), abdominal mass (46% 95% CI 29%-64%), weight loss (53% 95% CI 39%-66%), head-and-neck mass (21% 95% CI 6%-47%), organomegaly (29% 95% CI 23%-37%), night sweats (19% 95% CI 10%-32%), abdominal pain (28% 95% CI 15%-47%), bone pain (17% 95% CI 10%-28%) and abnormal neurology (11% 95% CI 3%-28%). Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions provides insight into the heterogeneous clinical presentations of B-cell lymphoma in childhood and adolescence and provides estimates of symptom prevalence. This information is likely to increase public and clinical awareness of lymphoma presentations and aid earlier diagnosis. This review further highlights the lack of studies exploring childhood and adolescent lymphoma presentations in primary care, where patients are likely to present at the earliest stages of their disease. Keywords: "childhood lymphoma", "adolescent lymphoma", "clinical presentation", "symptom prevalence", "meta-analysis of proportions"
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection will greatly contribute to raising the occurrence probability of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients. Although existing antiviral treatment ...regimens have a certain effect on delaying disease progression and improving prognosis, it is still not effective in attaining functional cures. Hepatitis B virus DNA integration may be one of the reasons for this phenomenon. Therefore, this paper reviews the possible mechanisms of HBV DNA integration in maintaining chronic inflammation of the liver, evading existing antiviral treatment methods, and inducing hepatocellular carcinoma so as to further deepen the understanding of the role of HBV DNA integration in the occurrence and development of chronic hepatitis B, providing ideas and references for formulating better treatment strategies.
In response to the increasing needs for control and optimization of hybrid systems, this work is concerned with such asymptotic properties as recurrence (also known as weak stochastic stability in ...the literature) and ergodicity of regime-switching diffusions. Using Liapunov functions, necessary and sufficient conditions for positive recurrence are developed. Then, ergodicity of positive recurrent regime-switching diffusions is obtained by constructing cycles using the associated discrete-time Markov chains.
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