The article is devoted to the current state of continuing medical education for general practitioners in the city of Moscow and is based on a survey of general practitioners working in Moscow. ...Results demonstrate a lack of satisfaction with the organisation and content of training in its previous format, the absence of significant changes in the learning objectives following education reform and an ambiguous attitude towards this reform. The minimum continuing education requirements for general practitioners working in the city of Moscow were shown to consist of day release, short-term training, theoretical and practical orientation and the application of contemporary educational technologies. Conceptual approaches to the development of continuing medical education in the field of general medical practice in Moscow were formulated. These comprised organisation of training, setting of learning objectives, selection of forms and methods of training, determination of interactive training content, application of a competency-based approach and individualisation of the educational path.
The motion of a thin liquid film of viscous incompressible fluid on the horizontal surface in the presence of a magnetizable surfactant on the free boundary in the external inhomogeneous magnetic ...field is investigated. Surfactant diffusion along the free surface and the dependence of the surface tension on the magnetic field strength are taken into account. The system of evolutionary equations is derived in the lubricant approximation and steady-state film flows and their stability in the case of constant film thickness and constant surfactant number density are investigated with regard to the Marangoni effect.
The possibility is studied for a controlled structure to be created by varying parameters of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process when using austenitic stainless steels as an example. On the ...basis of the results of studying the structure of experimental samples, the influence of a combination of various technological parameters included in the scanning strategy when preparing a 3D-model for the LPBF process on the structure formation processes is demonstrated. The possibility of formation of fragments with different structures within a single part in the course of its manufacture by the LPBF method via changing the processing parameters included in the scanning strategy is shown. It is noted that the use of 3D-models, identical in shape but different in the strategy used for laser beam scanning straight in the laser melting process, leads to the formation of a sample with a profoundly different structure, since microstructure formation strongly depends on metal crystallization conditions directly linked with the scanning strategy.
The radiation power from active area into the planar waveguide has been studied theoretically in order to model VCSEL characteristics. Exact and simple quantitative connection between modal gain and ...spontaneous emission into planar waveguide has been established. The possibility of the in-plane lasing in the conventional VCSEL with gain area laterally limited by gain aperture has been examined and condition required for this has been found.
Studying the spectrum of secondary particles at the Large Hadron Collider at energies equivalent to 1–100 PeV in the laboratory system, the scaling behavior of hadron spectra is observed. At the same ...energies, a number of effects incompatible with this behavior are observed in cosmic rays. In the spectrum of extensive air showers, a bend (knee) is observed at an energy of 3 PeV. According to the data of the large ionization calorimeter on the Tien Shan, the absorption length of hadron showers increases in the same energy region. In the hybrid HADRON experiment, there is a scaling violation in the spectrum of secondary hadrons and an abnormal excess of muons in proton showers. According to the data of X-ray emulsion chambers, events with halos appear in the knee area and the alignment in energy centers in gamma–hadron events is observed. Taking into account the LHC data, these anomalies should be explained by astrophysical reasons, i.e., changes in the composition of cosmic rays.
The public data from the EGRET space telescope on diffuse Galactic gamma rays in the energy range from 0.1 to 10 GeV are reanalyzed with the purpose of searching for signals of Dark Matter ...annihilation (DMA). The analysis confirms the previously observed excess for energies above 1 GeV in comparison with the expectations from conventional Galactic models. In addition, the excess was found to show all the key features of a signal from Dark Matter Annihilation (DMA): a) the excess is observable in all sky directions and has the same shape everywhere, thus pointing to a common source; b) the shape corresponds to the expected spectrum of the annihilation of non-relativistic massive particles into – among others – neutral $\pi^0$ mesons, which decay into photons. From the energy spectrum of the excess we deduce a WIMP mass between 50 and 100 GeV, while from the intensity of the excess in all sky directions the shape of the halo could be reconstructed. The DM halo is consistent with an almost spherical isothermal profile with substructure in the Galactic plane in the form of toroidal rings at 4 and 14 kpc from the center. These rings lead to a peculiar shape of the rotation curve, in agreement with the data, which proves that the EGRET excess traces the Dark Matter.
The linewidth enhancement factor (LEF) of an InAs/InGaAs quantum dot Fabry-Pérot laser in a wide wavelength range from 1110 to 1300 nm, including ground state (GS) and exited state (ES) bands, is ...studied. LEF spectra were derived from amplified spontaneous emission spectra measured below the threshold in the pulse regime. The ES optical transition is characterised by significantly lower values of the LEF (≤0.54) as compared to the GS (≥1.21). Moreover, a zero LEF is observed within the ES spectral band. At sufficiently high currents, a near-zero LEF (|α| ≤ 0.1) is achieved in a wide spectral interval from 1146 to 1175 nm, in which the optical gain is not less than 9 cm−1.
The Be6 continuum states were populated in the charge-exchange reaction H1(Li6,Be6)n collecting very high statistics data (∼5×106 events) on the three-body α+p+p correlations. The Be6 excitation ...energy region below ∼3MeV is considered, where the data are dominated by contributions from the 0+ and 2+ states. It is demonstrated how the high-statistics few-body correlation data can be used to extract detailed information on the reaction mechanism. Such a derivation is based on the fact that highly spin-aligned states are typically populated in the direct reactions.
The results of the synthesis of erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet nanopowders for obtaining optically transparent ceramic are discussed. The influence of the synthesis conditions on the ...characteristics of (Y
0.5
Er
0.5
)
3
Al
5
O
12
powders and the subsequent mechanical working of the powders on the properties of the obtained ceramic was investigated.
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