In this study, the impact of Fe
3
O
4
nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations was studied on physiology, antioxidant enzymes, cell damage, and secondary metabolites of
Physalis alkekengi
...seedlings under in vitro conditions. Seeds were grown on a solid MS medium containing different Fe
3
O
4
NPs concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/L). The results showed that Fe
3
O
4
NP at 20 mg/L increased growth (fresh and dry weight, length of shoot and root, and the number of adventitious roots) and physiological (relative water content, chlorophyll pigments, carotenoid, carbohydrate, H
2
O
2
, and ion leakage) parameters through stimulation of protein content and antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase. Fe
3
O
4
NP at 20 mg/L was found to be the optimum concentration for enhancing secondary metabolites (total flavonoids, phenolics, and withanolides) and activity of DPPH radical scavenging and PAL, while the higher Fe
3
O
4
NPs concentration (30 mg/L) showed toxicity impact on growth parameters through promoting H
2
O
2
level, lipoxygenase activity, and ion leakage and inactivation of the antioxidant enzyme isoforms. The electrophoretic pattern displayed Fe
3
O
4
NPs at 30 mg/L decreased the band intensity of SOD (Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD1) and CAT (CAT1 and 2) isoforms. These findings display that the optimal dose of Fe
3
O
4
NPs (20 mg/L) acts as an elicitor to induce antioxidant functions of
P. alkekengi
cell system to suppress oxidative damage.
In the present research, the electrospinning technique was used successfully to fabricate MnMoO
4
nanofibers. The as-electrospun fibers were calcinated at 400 °C for 2 h. The fibrous webs of MnMoO
4
...were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy, and Z-scan technique. XRD analysis of MnMoO
4
nanofibers was presented by the Williamson-Hall method. The results indicate that the average diameters of the calcinated fibers obtained from the SEM analysis were about 100 ± 10 and 120 ± 20 nm when feed rates of the solution in electospining were 0.5 and 1 ml/h, respectively. The nonlinear optical behavior of viscous sol of MnMoO
4
has been observed using both open and closed aperture Z-Scan technique at 534 nm. The results related to the nonlinear optical behavior indicate that the MnMoO
4
nanofibers may have potential nonlinear optical properties.
The electrospinning technique was used successfully to fabricate poly (vinylalcohol) (PVA) nanofibers containing tungsten oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The tungsten oxide NPs/PVA composite nanofibers ...were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The microstructure parameters of as–spun tungsten oxide NPs/PVA nanofibers were also presented by the Williamson-Hall method and Variance analysis. The average diameters of the electrospun PVA fibers with 10 wt% and 15 wt% tungsten oxide obtained from the SEM analysis were about 125 ± 15 and 165 ± 30 nm, respectively. The photocatalytic activities of the electrospun nanofibers were examined by photocatalytic discoloration rate of methylene blue in the presence of H2O2 and aqueous solution PH under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. It was observed that tungsten oxide NPs/PVA nanofibers exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity in decolourization of aqueous solution of methylen blue in presence of 0.1 M H2O2. Decolourization rate about 10.5 × 10−3 min−1, was obtained for the PVA nanofibers containing 15 wt% tungsten nanoparticles with H2O2 compared with the samples without catalyst.
•The electrospinning technique was used to fabricate WO3 NPs/PVA nanofibers.•X-ray analysis is used to evaluate the micro structural parameters of WO3 NPs/PVA.•The average diameters of nanofibers were about 125 ± 15 and 165 ± 30 nm, respectively.•Nanofibers show excellent photocatalytic activity in decolourization of MB solution.
Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid tumours that are inaccessible by routine cervical neck exploration account about 1-3% of all parathyroid tumours. 99mTc Sestamibi scintigraphy is said to be one of the ...good tools for preoperative localization of these glands. We described the case of a 48 year old lady who presented with generalized malaise and backache for one year duration. Investigations confirmed hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia with a total calcium and phosphate level of 3.09 mmol/L and 0.6 mmol/L respectively. Her parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was raised at 18.4 pmol/L. A cervical sonography showed a normal thyroid gland with no suspicious parathyroid glands seen. CT scan of the neck and thorax detected a right anterior mediastinal mass in the thymic region. Finally, 99mTc Sestamibi scanning confirmed an abnormal focal uptake and retention of tracer seen at the right side of the mediastinum suggestive of ectopic parathyroid adenoma. Cervical exploration identified three normal-looking parathyroid glands in their positions except for absence of the right inferior gland. She subsequently had surgical resection of the mediastinal mass by means of a cervical trans-manubrial approach. A 4 × 3 cm parathyroid adenoma embedded in the right thymus glandular tissue removed which was confirmed histopathologically. Postoperatively was uneventful. The PTH and calcium levels decreased promptly to normal range. Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma is very rare and usually difficult to diagnose. The use of 99mTc Sestamibi scintigraphy especially in combination with CT scan of the neck and chest will be very helpful to give an accurate preoperative localization. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Introduction: Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid tumours that are inaccessible by routine cervical neck exploration account about 1–3% of all parathyroid tumours. 99mTc Sestamibi scintigraphy is said ...to be one of the good tools for preoperative localization of these glands.
Case Report: We described the case of a 48 year old lady who presented with generalized malaise and backache for one year duration. Investigations confirmed hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia with a total calcium and phosphate level of 3.09 mmol/L and 0.6 mmol/L respectively. Her parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was raised at 18.4 pmol/L. A cervical sonography showed a normal thyroid gland with no suspicious parathyroid glands seen. CT scan of the neck and thorax detected a right anterior mediastinal mass in the thymic region. Finally, 99mTc Sestamibi scanning confirmed an abnormal focal uptake and retention of tracer seen at the right side of the mediastinum suggestive of ectopic parathyroid adenoma. Cervical exploration identified three normal‐looking parathyroid glands in their positions except for absence of the right inferior gland. She subsequently had surgical resection of the mediastinal mass by means of a cervical trans‐manubrial approach. A 4 × 3 cm parathyroid adenoma embedded in the right thymus glandular tissue removed which was confirmed histopathologically. Postoperatively was uneventful. The PTH and calcium levels decreased promptly to normal range.
Conclusion: Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma is very rare and usually difficult to diagnose. The use of 99mTc Sestamibi scintigraphy especially in combination with CT scan of the neck and chest will be very helpful to give an accurate preoperative localization.
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