We report results on event-by-event fluctuations of transverse momentum, Phi(p(t)), in pi(+)p and K(+)p collisions at 250 GeV/c. For the first time, their dependence on rapidity region, transverse ...momentum acceptance, multiplicity, mean transverse momentum per event, and on the correlation between transverse momentum and multiplicity are systematically presented. The results are compared with those from the PYTHIA Monte Carlo generator. The fluctuations under the same acceptance cuts as used in current heavy-ion experiments are also presented.
The stages of development and the current status of the versatile “Spectrometer with a Vertex Detector” setup designed for physics experiments at the U-70 accelerator of the Institute for High Energy ...Physics (Protvino) is described. The main detectors of the setup are the vertex detector based on silicon microstrip detectors, the wide-aperture magnetic spectrometer based on multiwire proportional chambers, and the lead-glass hodoscope γ detector. In the setup, there is a fast two-level trigger system for selecting required particle interactions. The key characteristics of the setup systems are presented, and the physical results obtained on it are briefly listed.
The invariant spectra of
π
− mesons produced in (
π
+/K
+)p interactions at 250 GeV/
c are analysed in the framework of the hydrodynamical model of three-dimensionally expanding cylindrically ...symmetric finite systems. A satisfactory description of experimental data is achieved. The data favour the pattern according to which the hadron matter undergoes predominantly longitudinal expansion and non-relativistic transverse expansion with mean transverse velocity 〈
u
t〉=0.20±0.07, and is characterized by a large temperature inhomogeneity in the transverse direction: the extracted freeze-out temperature at the center of the tube and at the transverse rms radius are 140±3 MeV and 82±7 MeV, respectively. The width of the (longitudinal) space-time rapidity distribution of the pion source is found to be
Δη=1.36±0.02. Combining this estimate with results of the Bose-Einstein correlation analysis in the same experiment, one extracts a mean freeze-out time of the source of 〈
τ
f〉=1.4±0.1 fm/
c and its transverse geometrical rms radius,
R
G(rms)=1.2±0.2 fm.
The erraticity behavior of multiparticle production is analyzed in π+p and K+p collisions at 250 GeV/c. It is demonstrated that, for these low-multiplicity final states, the erraticity measure based ...on event-to-event fluctuation of factorial moments is dominated by statistical fluctuations.
Taking into account the anisotropy of phase space in multiparticle production, a self-affine analysis of factorial moments was carried out on the NA22 data for
π
+p and K
+p collisions at 250 GeV/
c. ...Within the transverse plane, the Hurst exponents measuring the anisotropy are consitent with unit value (i.e. no anisotropy). They are, however, only half that value when the longitudinal direction is compared to the transverse ones. Fractality, indeed, turns out to be self-affine rather than self-similar in multiparticle production. In three-dimensional phase space, power-law scaling is observed to be better realized in self-affine than in self-similar analysis.
Two suggested moments of rapidity gaps are studied on π+p and K+p collisions at 250 GeV/c. The experimental results are compared with those obtained from Pythia simulation. The efficiency of the ...method is discussed.
Data from the SVD-2 experiment that were obtained at the IHEP accelerator in 70-GeV/c proton-nucleus interactions are analyzed with the aim of searches for an exotic {theta}{sup +} baryon that decays ...through the pK{sup 0}{sub S} channel. The reaction pN {yields} pK{sup 0}{sub S} + X characterized by a bounded multiplicity of charged secondaries is used for this analysis. A resonance of mass M = 1526 {+-} 3(stat.) {+-} 3(syst.) MeV/c{sup 2} and width {gamma} < 24 MeV/c{sup 2} is observed in the invariant-mass spectrum of the pK{sup 0}{sub S} system at a statistical significance of 5.6{sigma}. The mass and the width of this resonance correspond to the recently found positive-strangeness {theta}{sup +} baryon, which was predicted to be an exotic baryon consisting of five quarks (pentaquark), uudds-bar. The total cross section for the production of a {theta}{sup +} baryon in pA interactions is estimated at a value within the range 30-120 {mu}b for x{sub F} {>=} 0. An analysis of the A dependence of the cross section for {theta}{sup +}-baryon production does not reveal a significant deviation from the A dependence for inelastic events ({approx}A{sup 0.7})
The results of E-190 experiment (project Thermalization) with 50 GeV proton beam irradiation of SVD-2 setup are presented. MC simulation has shown the linear dependence of number of photons detected ...in electromagnetic calorimeter and the average number of neutral pions. Multiplicity distribution of neutral pion, N0, for total number of particles in the event, Ntot = Nch + N0, are obtained with corrections on the setup acceptance, triggering and efficiency of the event reconstruction. The scaled variance of neutral pion fluctuations, ω = D/ < N0 >, versus total multiplicity is measured. The fluctuations increase at Ntot > 18. According to quantum statistics models this behavior can indicate a pion condensate formation in the high pion multiplicity system. This effect has been observed for the first time.
Over the period from 2004 to 2009, we performed a total of 18 procedures aimed at forming a permanent vascular access in diabetic patients on programmed haemodialysis. Of these, an arteriovenous ...fistula (AVF) was created in eight patients and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft was implanted in ten subjects. We than carried out a comparative assessment of the permanent vascular accesses (PVA) prepared based on AVF versus those based on PTFE graft. The assessment criteria were as follows: time interval between the operative intervention and the commencement of the haemodialysis procedure via the PVA, the duration of the functioning and adequate amount of blood flow the PVA provides during the haemodialysis procedure, the presence of antebrachial ischaemia symptoms, as well as infectious complication rates.
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