A presente pesquisa busca estudar mudanças ambientais em virtude do avanço do agronegócio sobre o território da Comunidade Quilombola Morro de São João (CQMSJ), no Estado do Tocantins, e suas ...repercussões sobre as temperaturas de superfície. A agricultura comercial em larga escala, em alguns casos, desconsidera em sua prática os impactos que causam às comunidades tradicionais que vivem no entorno de grandes empreendimentos agrícolas. A comunidade percebe ter vivenciado diversas alterações ambientais em seu entorno, em razão da substituição da vegetação nativa por lavouras comerciais, no local que antes fazia parte de seu território original. Os procedimentos metodológicos se basearam no uso de geotecnologias para estudos de temáticas relacionadas ao clima. Para isso, estimou-se a temperatura de superfície terrestre (TST) sobre o território que abrange a CQMSJ na estação seca de inverno e na estação chuvosa de primavera, por meio de imagens de satélite da série Landsat 7 e 8, em cenários de observação de 1999/2000 e de 2019/2020, referentes a dois momentos: respectivamente, anterior e posterior à expansão agrícola na área de estudo. Os resultados indicam que houve uma variação da temperatura de superfície associada, principalmente, às mudanças ou alterações no uso e na ocupação da terra. O aumento de TST se deu de forma mais expressiva em áreas que atualmente são destinadas para a produção agrícola nos moldes do agronegócio. Os resultados sinalizam para prováveis consequências da exploração intensiva desse território tradicional inserido no bioma Cerrado, em especial quanto aos seus aspectos microclimáticos, com possíveis implicações sobre a vida de uma comunidade quilombola.
The COSINE-100 dark matter search experiment is an array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors located in the Yangyang Underground Laboratory (Y2L). To understand measured backgrounds in the NaI(Tl) crystals ...we have performed Monte Carlo simulations using the Geant4 toolkit and developed background models for each crystal that consider contributions from both internal and external sources, including cosmogenic nuclides. The background models are based on comparisons of measurement data with Monte Carlo simulations that are guided by a campaign of material assays and are used to evaluate backgrounds and identify their sources. The average background level for the six crystals (70 kg total mass) that are studied is 3.5 counts/day/keV/kg in the (2–6) keV energy interval. The dominant contributors in this energy region are found to be
210
Pb and
3
H.
RESUMO: As políticas públicas partem de diagnósticos da realidade que, com alguma frequência, utilizam indicadores sociais e registros administrativos. Os sucessos da ação pública e das ferramentas ...de diagnose dependem, dentre outras coisas, de uma definição adequada do fenômeno a ser enfrentado. Este artigo objetiva problematizar a definição de evasão na educação superior vigente e oficial utilizada pelo INEP/MEC, a partir de seu documento orientador “Metodologia de Cálculo dos Indicadores de Fluxo da Educação Superior”, de 2017, e apontar seus limites e implicações. Para lograr êxito, foi mobilizada uma pesquisa documental bifurcada em métodos de análise documental para textos governamentais e de análise de dados para o Censo da Educação Superior. Para a apresentação das reflexões, optou-se, inicialmente, por apontar a importância que a evasão tem em várias políticas públicas para a educação superior. Posteriormente, tem-se a análise propriamente do objeto deste artigo. Os resultados alcançados sinalizam para a presença de limites na capacidade de expressar o fenômeno e, por conseguinte, instrumentalizar as políticas públicas adequadas ao problema público, sobretudo porque a definição vigente não se ocupa das motivações, ignora os reingressos ao considerar o abandono como ato sempre terminativo, não se compromete com uma análise longitudinal e não dialoga adequadamente com as finalidades da educação superior estabelecidas pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases.
ABSTRACT: Public policies are based on diagnoses of reality that, with some frequency, use social indicators and administrative records. The success of public action and of diagnostic tools depends, among other things, on an adequate definition of the phenomenon to be addressed. This article aims to problematize the current and official definition of dropout in higher education used by INEP/MEC, based on its guiding document "Methodology for Calculating Flow Indicators in Higher Education" of 2017, and point out its limits and implications. To achieve success, a documentary research was mobilized, bifurcated in methods of document analysis for government texts and data analysis for the Census of Higher Education. For the presentation of the reflections, it was opted, initially, to point out the importance dropout has in several public policies for higher education. Later on, there is the actual analysis of the subject of this article. The results achieved signal the presence of limits in the ability to express the phenomenon and, consequently, to instrumentalize public policies appropriate to the public problem, especially because the current definition does not deal with the motivations, ignores the re-entries by considering the dropout as an act always terminative, does not commit to a longitudinal analysis and does not adequately dialogue with the purposes of higher education established by the Law of Directives and Bases.
RESÚMEN: Las políticas públicas parten de diagnósticos de la realidad que, con cierta frecuencia, utilizan indicadores sociales y registros administrativos. Los éxitos de la acción pública y las herramientas de diagnóstico dependen, entre otras cosas, de una adecuada definición del fenómeno que será enfrentado. Este artículo tiene como objetivo problematizar la definición de evasión en la educación superior vigente y oficial utilizada por INEP / MEC, a partir de su documento orientador “Metodología para el cálculo de los indicadores de flujo de la educación superior” de 2017, y señalar sus límites e implicaciones. Para lograr el éxito, se movilizó una investigación documental bifurcada em métodos de análisis de documentos para textos gubernamentales y de análisis de datos para el Censo de la Educación Superior. Para la presentación de las reflexiones, inicialmente se eligió señalar la importancia que tiene la evasión en diversas políticas públicas para la educación superior. Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis del objeto de este artículo. Los resultados alcanzados apuntan para la presencia de límites en la capacidad de expresar el fenómeno y, por lo tanto, instrumentalizar políticas públicas adecuadas al problema público, sobre todo porque la definición vigente no se ocupa de las motivaciones, ignora los reingresos al considerar el abandono como un acto siempre terminativo, no se compromete con un análisis longitudinal y no dialoga adecuadamente con los propósitos de la educación superior establecidos por la Ley de Directrices y Bases.
We present the first search for a dark matter annual modulation signal in the Southern Hemisphere conducted with NaI(Tl) detectors, performed by the DM-Ice17 experiment. Nuclear recoils from dark ...matter interactions are expected to yield an annually modulated signal independent of location within the Earth’s hemispheres. DM-Ice17, the first step in the DM-Ice experimental program, consists of 17 kg of NaI(Tl) located at the South Pole under 2200 m.w.e. overburden of Antarctic glacial ice. Taken over 3.6 years for a total exposure of 60.8 kg yr, DM-Ice17 data are consistent with no modulation in the energy range of 4–20 keV, providing the strongest limits on weakly interacting massive particle dark matter from a direct detection experiment located in the Southern Hemisphere. The successful deployment and stable long-term operation of DM-Ice17 establishes the South Pole ice as a viable location for future dark matter searches and in particular for a high-sensitivity NaI(Tl) dark matter experiment to directly test the DAMA/LIBRA claim of the observation of dark matter.
We present a background model for dark matter searches using an array of NaI(Tl) crystals in the COSINE-100 experiment that is located in the Yangyang underground laboratory. The model includes ...background contributions from both internal and external sources, including cosmogenic radionuclides and surface
210
Pb contamination. To build the model in the low energy region, with a threshold of 1 keV, we used a depth profile of
210
Pb contamination in the surface of the NaI(Tl) crystals determined in a comparison between measured and simulated spectra. We also considered the effect of the energy scale errors propagated from the statistical uncertainties and the nonlinear detector response at low energies. The 1.7 years COSINE-100 data taken between October 21, 2016 and July 18, 2018 were used for this analysis. Our Monte Carlo simulation provides a non-Gaussian peak around 50 keV originating from beta decays of bulk
210
Pb in a good agreement with the measured background. This model estimates that the activities of bulk
210
Pb and
3
H are dominating the background rate that amounts to an average level of
2.85
±
0.15
counts/day/keV/kg in the energy region of (1–6) keV, using COSINE-100 data with a total exposure of 97.7 kg
·
years.
We present new constraints on the dark matter-induced annual modulation signal using 1.7 years of COSINE-100 data with a total exposure of 97.7 kg yr. The COSINE-100 experiment, consisting of 106 kg ...of NaI(Tl) target material, is designed to carry out a model-independent test of DAMA/LIBRA's claim of WIMP discovery by searching for the same annual modulation signal using the same NaI(Tl) target. The crystal data show a 2.7 cpd/kg/keV background rate on average in the 2-6 keV energy region of interest. Using a χ-squared minimization method we observe best fit values for modulation amplitude and phase of 0.0092±0.0067 cpd/kg/keV and 127.2±45.9 d, respectively.
Initial performance of the COSINE-100 experiment Adhikari, G.; Adhikari, P.; de Souza, E. Barbosa ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
02/2018, Letnik:
78, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
COSINE is a dark matter search experiment based on an array of low background NaI(Tl) crystals located at the Yangyang underground laboratory. The assembly of COSINE-100 was completed in the summer ...of 2016 and the detector is currently collecting physics quality data aimed at reproducing the DAMA/LIBRA experiment that reported an annual modulation signal. Stable operation has been achieved and will continue for at least 2 years. Here, we describe the design of COSINE-100, including the shielding arrangement, the configuration of the NaI(Tl) crystal detection elements, the veto systems, and the associated operational systems, and we show the current performance of the experiment.
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with the development of several pathologies and chronic infection in humans. The inefficiency of the available treatments and the challenge in ...developing a protective vaccine highlight the need to produce effective immunotherapeutic tools. The HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factor (HBZ) plays an important role in the HTLV-1 persistence, conferring a survival advantage to infected cells by reducing the HTLV-1 proteins expression, allowing infected cells to evade immune surveillance, and enhancing cell proliferation leading to increased proviral load.
We have generated a recombinant Modified Virus Vaccinia Ankara (MVA-HBZ) and a plasmid DNA (pcDNA3.1(+)-HBZ) expressing a multiepitope protein based on peptides of HBZ to study the immunogenic potential of this viral-derived protein in BALB/c mice model. Mice were immunized in a prime-boost heterologous protocol and their splenocytes (T CD4
and T CD8
) were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry and the humoral response was evaluated by ELISA using HBZ protein produced in prokaryotic vector as antigen.
T CD4
and T CD8
lymphocytes cells stimulated by HBZ-peptides (HBZ
and HBZ
) showed polyfunctional double positive responses for TNF-α/IFN-γ, and TNF-α/IL-2. Moreover, T CD8
cells presented a tendency in the activation of effector memory cells producing granzyme B (CD44
/CD62L
), and the activation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) and cytotoxic responses in immunized mice were inferred through the production of granzyme B by effector memory T cells and the expression of CD107a by CD8
T cells. The overall data is consistent with a directive and effector recall response, which may be able to operate actively in the elimination of HTLV-1-infected cells and, consequently, in the reduction of the proviral load. Sera from immunized mice, differently from those of control animals, showed IgG-anti-HBZ production by ELISA.
Our results highlight the potential of the HBZ multiepitope protein expressed from plasmid DNA and a poxviral vector as candidates for therapeutic vaccine.
COUNTING, MEASURING AND GOING BEYOND: the meaning of data in geographic climate studiesCONTAR, MEDIR E IR MÁS ALLÁ: el significado de los datos en los estudios geográficos del climaRESUMOEste artigo ...busca discutir o sentido dos dados utilizados nos estudos geográficos do clima, considerando os limites da quantificação, o conceito filosófico de intencionalidade, as diferenças entre construção de conhecimento e construção de sentido na ciência, além das possibilidades de exame do tema a partir da Geografia do Clima, da Ecologia Política e da Geografia Física Crítica. O texto foi proposto devido às facilidades atuais para se acessar dados climáticos ou mensurá-los diretamente em trabalhos de campo, mas sob risco de uma abordagem acrítica de suas conexões com fatos sociais e políticos, por exemplo. Assim, o objetivo principal é contribuir para reforçar o significado do clima no âmbito da Geografia e os possíveis ganhos com o diálogo entre a Climatologia e outras perspectivas analíticas, especialmente nas ciências humanas.Palavras-chave: Dados Climáticos; Abordagem Crítica em Climatologia; Conhecimento e Sentido em Climatologia; Interdisciplinaridade.ABSTRACTThis paper seeks to discuss the sense of data used in geographic climate studies, considering the limits of quantification, the philosophical concept of intentionality, the differences between knowledge construction and sense construction in science besides the possibilities for examining the topic from the Geography of Climate, Political Ecology and Critical Physical Geography. The text was proposed due to the current facility to access climate data or mesure them directly in field works, but at risk of an uncritical approach of its connections with social and political facts, for example. Thus, the main purpose is contribute to reinforce the meaning of climate in the domain of Geography and the possible gains with the dialogue among Climatology and others analitical perpectives, especially in the human sciences.Keywords: Climatic Data; Critical Approach to Climatology; Knowledge and Meaning in Climatology; Interdisciplinarity.RESUMENEste artículo busca discutir el sentido de los datos utilizados en los estudios geográficos del clima, considerando los límites de la cuantificación, el concepto filosófico de intencionalidad, las diferencias entre la construcción del conocimiento y la construcción de los sentidos en la ciencia, además de las posibilidades de examinar el tema desde la perspectiva de la Geografía del Clima, Ecología Política y Geografía Física Crítica. El texto fue propuesto teniendo en cuenta la facilidad actual para acceder a los datos climáticos o medirlos directamente en el trabajo de campo, pero a riesgo de un enfoque acrítico de sus conexiones con hechos sociales y políticos, por ejemplo. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal es contribuir a reforzar el significado del clima en el ámbito de la Geografía y las posibles ganancias con el diálogo entre la Climatología y otras perspectivas analíticas, especialmente en las ciencias humanas.Palabras clave: Datos Climáticos; Enfoque Crítico de la Climatología; Conocimiento y Significado en Climatología; Interdisciplinariedad.
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