This paper summarizes in a simple and intuitive way why the neutrons, the muons and the solar neutrinos cannot give any significant contribution to the DAMA annual modulation results. A number of ...these elements have already been presented in individual papers; they are recalled here together with few simple considerations which demonstrate the incorrectness of the claim reported in Davis (PRL 113:081302,
2014
).
Large infrastructure building like the Florence Railway Station designed for high-speed rails requires a proper management of the huge quantity of waste originating from excavation activities. Such ...waste amounts require large areas for disposals, making abandoned areas or exhausted quarries and mines ideal sites for hosting the excavated wastes.A rectangular area of 500×70m delimiting the railway station has been excavated in two steps causing the removal of a 10m-thick soil layer per step: excavated earth and rocks would then be used for the environmental restoration of an area of 400×350m located near a former exhausted lignite quarry) in the proximity of the Santa Barbara village near Cavriglia (Arezzo).The Tuscan Regional Environmental Agency (ARPAT) have been involved in monitoring both the terrain transportation and disposals’ operations according to the approved management plan: the Environmental Regional Information System Office (SIRA) was asked to evaluate volume balancing between all the waste management cycle, with included: (a) waste extraction from railway station site building, and (b) waste disposal final destination (exhausted Santa Barbara lignite quarry).Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), Simultaneous Localization and Mapping System (SLAM) systems and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) surveys have been used to track earth and rocks excavation and disposal activities in the aforementioned sites: while RPAS systems cannot be used in underground site surveys, their usage must be recommended in open space surveys due to the ese of use if sub-centimetric precisions are not required.Multiple TLS scans alignment can result in a quite challenging task if automatic alignment software is not available, requiring manual rough alignment’s operations that can be very time consuming: two open-source solutions based on different algorithms have been evaluated.The selected survey technologies – RPAS, TLS, SLAM – have shown a great potential in earth and rocks monitoring: each technology has its own strengths and weakness, which can vary on the basis of both hardware and software technical progresses.
The cell death receptor Fas plays a role in the establishment of fulminant hepatitis, a major cause of drug-induced liver failure. Fas activation elicits extrinsic apoptotic and hepatoprotective ...signals; however, the mechanisms by which these signals are integrated during disease are unknown. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3) controls the critical sheddase a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) and may dictate stress signaling. Using mice and cells lacking TIMP3, ADAM17, and ADAM17-regulated cell surface molecules, we have found that ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding of TNF receptors and EGF family ligands controls activation of multiple signaling cascades in Fas-induced hepatitis. We demonstrated that TNF signaling promoted hepatotoxicity, while excessive TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) shedding in Timp3-/- mice was protective. Compound Timp3-/-Tnf-/- and Timp3-/-Tnfr1-/- knockout conferred complete resistance to Fas-induced toxicity. Loss of Timp3 enhanced metalloproteinase-dependent EGFR signaling due to increased release of the EGFR ligands TGF-alpha, amphiregulin, and HB-EGF, while depletion of shed amphiregulin resensitized Timp3-/- hepatocytes to apoptosis. Finally, adenoviral delivery of Adam17 prevented acetaminophen-induced liver failure in a clinically relevant model of Fas-dependent fulminant hepatitis. These findings demonstrate that TIMP3 and ADAM17 cooperatively dictate cytokine signaling during death receptor activation and indicate that regulated metalloproteinase activity integrates survival and death signals during acute hepatotoxic stress.
According to the most popular scenario, the early Universe should have experienced an accelerated expansion phase, called Cosmological Inflation, after which the standard Big Bang Cosmology would ...have taken place giving rise to the radiation-dominated epoch. However, the details of the inflationary scenario are far to be completely understood. Thus, in this paper we study if possible additional (exotic) cosmological phases could delay the beginning of the standard Big Bang history and alter some theoretical predictions related to the inflationary cosmological perturbations, like, for instance, the order of magnitude of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r.A post-publication change was made to this article on 4 Jun 2020 to correct the title on the webpage.
The aim of this work is to study the correlation mechanisms underlying the aerodynamic field generated by fans of different shape and the perceived noise. Two different geometries were selected in ...order to see the influence of the blade shape on both the fluctuating pressure and the velocity field. Both fans have a diameter of 38 cm and were connected to the same electric motor to keep the same driving conditions. The fluid dynamic field was first characterized by using a classical Particle Image Velocimetry technique. Smoke particle were used to seed the surrounding air maintained at rest. The images were recorded for the three rotational speeds of the fan with the maximum frequency allowable by the PIV system, corresponding to 10Hz and for a duration that guarantees the statistics convergence. To study the spatial evolution of the released structures, two sets of images for each speed were acquired at axial distances 0 R and 0.5 R, being R the radius of the fan. Instantaneous and mean velocity and vorticity fields were obtained tracking the movement of the blade tip vortex. From the information obtained by the characterization of the fluid dynamic field, a new set-up including 3 microphones was built. The microphones were positioned in strategic axial positions in order to cope with the supposed position of the coherent structures. The fluctuating pressure and the velocity fields were simultaneously acquired at the same conditions of the preliminary test campaign. A home-made algorithm was used to retrieve the angular position of the blade and phase the simultaneous acquisitions. The velocity fields were finally cross-conditioned with the pressure fluctuations events selected with that algorithm, finalizing the objectives of the work.
2D/3D SOIL CONSUMPTION TRACKING IN A MARBLE QUARRY DISTRICT Licciardello, C.; Di Marco, A.; Biagini, S. ...
International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences.,
08/2022, Letnik:
XLVIII-4/W1-2022
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Complex extractive districts, such as the marble quarries in the Apuan Alps (northern Italy), require soil consumption monitoring over the years that could be achieved through high-resolution ...remotely sensed data. To derive 2D and 3D indicators with appropriate resolution for annual monitoring of high-resolution changes in soil consumption, aerial images, LiDAR acquisitions, satellite data, and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) acquisitions were used. In particular, open-access Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite imagery with a spatial resolution of 10 m was used to assess cover changes (2D), and then refined by manual interpretation for 5 years (2016-2021). 3D changes were detected by comparing free aerial LiDAR data from 2009 and 2017, integrated with two stereo models obtained from Pléiades high-resolution satellite images from 2020 and 2022. 3D changes observed over the years by algebraic elevation comparison, performed in QGIS 3.x environment, highlight quarries characterized by intense mining activities (extracted marble blocks, characterized by positive elevation differences) and quarry area management (debris disposal and service infrastructure construction, characterized by negative elevation differences). The combined use of 2D and 3D change indicators can be challenging in order to correctly represent soil consumption over the years. A dual 2D/3D webgis client have been developed for proper representation of 2D/3D spatial indicators of ongoing extraction activities in the Carrara marble basin: high-resolution images have been served as tiled data, while 2D/3D spatial indicators are served as static and/or tiled vector data. Open-Source libraries have used in data processing, serving and representation inside a map interface.
Systemic and local signals must be integrated by mammary stem and progenitor cells to regulate their cyclic growth and turnover in the adult gland. Here, we show RANK-positive luminal progenitors ...exhibiting WNT pathway activation are selectively expanded in the human breast during the progesterone-high menstrual phase. To investigate underlying mechanisms, we examined mouse models and found that loss of RANK prevents the proliferation of hormone receptor-negative luminal mammary progenitors and basal cells, an accompanying loss of WNT activation, and, hence, a suppression of lobuloalveologenesis. We also show that R-spondin1 is depleted in RANK-null progenitors, and that its exogenous administration rescues key aspects of RANK deficiency by reinstating a WNT response and mammary cell expansion. Our findings point to a novel role of RANK in dictating WNT responsiveness to mediate hormone-induced changes in the growth dynamics of adult mammary cells.
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•Luminal progenitors are targets of progesterone in the adult human breast•Progesterone-induced expansion of mammary epithelial subsets requires RANK•RANK signaling targets WNT-responsive ER–PR– luminal progenitors and basal cells•RANK controls RSPO1, which rescues defective progenitor expansion in Rank-null state
Cellular signals governing the WNT response are largely unknown despite the widely recognized function of this pathway in the control of stem and progenitor cells in diverse tissues. Khoka and colleagues describe RANK signaling as a requisite step for the expansion of ER–PR– adult mammary epithelial progenitors and acquisition of WNT responsiveness through its regulation of the WNT agonist R-SPONDIN1.
The inflationary mechanism has become the paradigm of modern cosmology over the last thirty years. However, there are several aspects of inflationary physics that are still to be addressed, like the ...shape of the inflationary potential. Regarding this, the so-called α-attractor models show interesting properties. In this work, the reconstruction of the effective potential around the global minimum of these particular potentials is provided, assuming a detection of permille-order for the tensor-to-scalar-ratio by forthcoming cosmic microwave background or gravitational waves experiments.
We review the puzzles of the standard Big Bang model and cosmic inflation as their possible solutions. The relation between inflation and the spectra of the cosmological perturbations is emphasized. ...In particular we focus on the local reconstruction of the shape of the inflationary potential from observations and the consequences of a direct detection of cosmological gravitational waves, exploring different correlation levels between the spectral index ns and the tensor-to-scalar ratio r of the primordial perturbations.
The ADAMO Project and developments Caracciolo, V; Bernabei, R; Belli, P ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
05/2016, Letnik:
718, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In the anisotropic scintillators the light output and the pulse shape for heavy particles (p, α, nuclear recoils) depend on the direction with respect to the crystal axes; the response to γ/β ...radiation is isotropic instead. This feature offers the possibility to study the directionality approach, which is applicable in the particular case of those Dark Matter candidate particles inducing just nuclear recoils. Among the anisotropic scintillators, the ZnWO4 has unique features, which make it an excellent candidate for this type of research, and there is still plenty of room for the improvement of its performances. Studies on the exploitation of further possibilities are also considered and will be shortly mentioned. In this paper the possibility of a low background pioneer experiment (named ADAMO: Anisotropic detectors for DArk Matter Observation) to exploit the directionality approach by using anisotropic ZnWO4 scintillators is discussed.
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