Today, it can be maintained that the customer is a ‘king’ as he
will buy only the products that satisfy his needs and wants. The companies of today
are facing new challenges: global business and ...local operation, standardization, and
individualization of products, demanding customers and fierce competition. The
company wants to achieve shorter product development time, lower costs, high quality
of the product, and finally, customer satisfaction. In order to achieve the set
goals, the company has to take into account the customers wants and needs during the
new-product-development process. This article presents the mode of description of
processes that allow recognition of suitable natural systems and their
transformation into technical systems and a model for management of development
process. The phases of quality functions deployment (QFD) during the new product
development process along with the location for collecting customer needs and wants
are presented. A detailed description is given on information resources for
obtaining data on customer needs; the methods for obtaining, structuring, and
evaluation of the data obtained. The results of testing the proposed methodology of
taking into account the voice of the customer in the process of developing a new
Vario Flow product in a company that produces and sells medical equipment in
domestic and foreign markets are also included.
This paper aims at showing the possibility of improving the initial phase of design process using the matrix function multi-structured form of products and their requests. The developed matrix model ...is a tool which by using a mathematical model interconnects functions and technical systems that solve them. This is one of the main differences with regard to morphological matrix. By mutual linking of matrices the matrix structure is generated in which the whole functional structure of a product is stored. For the sake of uniformity the functions are described by parameters defined from physical laws. In this way the complete knowledge about a product is registered in matrices enabling the generation of the variant and new products. The model is implemented into a prototype computer Web application with the central relational database. Ahigher quality, faster and cheaper management of the design process is thus made possible.Original Abstract: Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati mogucnost poboljsanja inicijalne faze konstrukcijskog procesa koristenjem vistrukturnog oblika matrice funkcije proizvoda i njihovih zahtjeva. Razvijeni matricni model je alat koji koristenjem matematickog modela dovodi u medusobne odnose funkcije i tehnicke sustave koji ih rjesavaju. To je jedna od bitnih razlika u odnosu na morfolosku matricu. Medusobnim povezivanjem matrica generira se matricna struktura u kojoj je pohranjena cjelokupna funkcijska struktura proizvoda. Kako bi se postigla jednoznacnost, funkcije su opisane parametrima odredenim iz fizikalnih zakona. Ovakojeumatricamapopisanocjelokupnoznanjeoproizvodukojeomogucuje generiranje varijantnihinovih proizvoda. Model jeimplementiranuprototipnu racunalnu Web aplikaciju s centralnom relacijskom bazom podataka. Na ovakav nacin omoguceno je kvalitetnije, brze i jeftinije vodenje konstrukcijskog procesa.
In order to present new possibilities within preliminary design of product development, the objective of this paper is to present new concepts of modularity within Matrix of Function and ...Functionality (MFF). Design concept is based on a descriptive matrix which is further based on the generative model and the criteria for describing products, functions and functionalities. The purpose of using the modularity of the MFF is to improve the initial design process, where only the most basic information is available, such as functions and functionalities, and to use the general functionality method, which is not quite possible with the known morphological matrix. The modularity inside the MFF is based on the mutual relation between the function and the functionality, representing the data definition. In relation to the morphological matrix it is built and defined on the basis of a mathematical model and pre-set rules 1, not just on the basis of design intuition. This work represents a method for solving the modularity with regard to the shape and the function. This should facilitate the generation of the functional and shape structures of new and variant products. The developed MFF modularity model was implemented into a prototype web application and confirmed on a concrete product - the Active Lounge Chair 1.Original Abstract: Da bi se predstavile nove mogucnosti u okviru pripremnog projekta razvoja proizvoda, cilj je ovoga rada predstaviti nove koncepte modularnosti unutar matrice funkcije i funkcionalnosti (MFF). Projektni koncept bazira se na opisnoj matrici koja se dalje zasniva na generativnom modelu i kriterijima za opisivanje proizvoda, funkcija i funkcionalnosti. Modularnost MFF-a koristi se u cilju poboljsanja inicijalnog postupka konstruiranja, gdje su dostupne samo najosnovnije informacije, kao sto su funkcije i funkcionalnosti, i koristenja opceg modela funkcionalnosti, sto nije sasvim moguce s poznatom morfoloskom matricom. Modularnost unutar MFF-a zasniva se na uzajamnom odnosu izmedu funkcije i funkcionalnosti, predstavljajuci definiciju podataka. U odnosu na morfolosku matricu izgradena je i definirana na osnovu matematickog modela i prethodno postavljenih pravila 1, ne samo na osnovu konstrukcijske intuicije. Ovaj radpredstavlja metodu za rjesavanje modularnosti u odnosu na oblik i funkciju. To bi trebalo olaksati generiranje funkcionalnih i oblikovnih konstrukcija novih i varijantnihproizvoda. Razvijeni model modularnosti MFF-aupotrijebljen je u prototipnoj web aplikaciji i potvrden nakonkretnomproizvodu - Stolici s aktivnim naslonjacem.
A developed model of the first structural shape of the matrix of product function and its requests model have been shown in practice. It relates functions of the product and its requests model, and ...technical systems that solve them. Functions are described by parameters, determined by physical laws. The technical systems and functions are related among themselves through correlations that fill the field of the matrix. The correlations are determined through winning parameters. Winning parameters are determined from the set of parameters of each function that have the greatest importance and influence on a specific function. The model is implemented into a developed prototype computer system. The first structural shape of the product function matrix and its requests model for the stator of the electrical motor of the intake unit have been generated through the prototype computer system. By implementing the product function matrix and its requests model in the process of product conceptual design, it becomes possible for a designer to examine himself by comparing the possibilities of implementation of new ideas with previously built products.
This paper presents a systematic discussion of the specifics of communication and work within a virtual development team, which is of crucial importance for competitiveness in the course of ...globalization. With advances in technology, work within virtual teams is gaining ever-greater importance. However, in this process, special knowledge and skills of virtual team members are a greater obstacle than technical equipment. Work within a virtual product development team requires intense communication, which is possible via videoconferencing. The contribution of this paper consists of a set of recommendations on how to develop necessary skills for effective communication and work in virtual development teams. The recommendations can be applied in both university and industrial environments. The paper is based on experiences from the international course on European Global Product Realisation that provided students with initial experiences in working within a global team. The authors believe that skills and technical equipment will need to be constantly supplemented and upgraded so that they will become practically independent of personal meetings (i.e. the distance between team members).
Many production environments require economical cutting of one-dimensional items according to bills of materials from objects of several standard lengths. However, even with optimized cutting ...substantial trim loss may occur. This trim loss should not be regarded as waste. It is returned to store and can be reused in future optimizations. Optimization of packing linear items into standard lengths is presented for items that cannot be packed into available lengths from inventory status data. The core of the proposed optimization tackles the variablesized bin packing problem (VBPP). The article presents a hybrid genetic algorithm that packs items into both available objects from the inventory and variablesized objects from the stock. The algorithm tries to minimize waste. Large trimloss items are returned as remnants to the inventory for subsequent optimizations.
Technical innovations in the area of manufacturing logistics are being introduced partially and thus not exploiting their full potential. In order to optimise the efficiency of turning manufacturing ...processes, the process has been analysed and fundamentally re-engineered. All data from production (operations, quantities, date, time duration of operations, etc.) are now located in ERP system. It provided the necessary condition for the establishment of a robust dynamic planning model. An update was required for the whole lifecycle of products and means of work. The paper presents the information support and an algorithm for a dynamic planning model, based on a genetic algorithm. Continuous data capturing and planning in real time are a breakthrough in the management of the process. Presented are a generalised dynamic planning model and a case example from the production of turned parts, which take account of the singularities of a real environment. Production capacities have to be linked up with the supply chain and customers. The presented dynamic planning model can be adapted to various types of production.Original Abstract: U podrucju proizvodne logistike tehnicke se inovacije uvode parcijalno te se ne koristi njihov puni potencijal. U cilju poboljsanja efikasnosti proizvodnih procesa tokarenja, postupak se analizirao i u potpunosti preradio. Svi se podaci iz proizvodnje (operacije, kolicine, datumi, vrijeme trajanja operacija itd.) sada nalaze u ERP sustavu. On je osigurao potrebne uyjete za stvaranje modela dinamickog planiranja. Trazili su se azurirani podaci o cijelom radnom vijeku proizvoda i sredstvima za rad. U clanku se predstavlja informaticka podrska i algoritam za dinamicki model planiranja, zasnovan na genetskom algorittnu. Stahio dobivanje podataka i planiranje u realnom vremenu predstavljaju vazan napredak u upravljanju tim procesom. Predstavljen je generalizirani model dinamickog planiranja i primjer iz proizvodnje tokarenih dijelova gdje se uzimaju u obzir specificnosti stvarnog okruzenja. Proizvodni se kapaciteti moraju povezati s nabavnimlancem ikupcima. Ovaj se model dinamickog planiranja moze adaptirati razlicitim tipovima proizvodnje.
Active learning is an educational paradigm that has been reinvented and methodologically underpinned many times in order to intensify learning in various forms. This paper presents a complex approach ...to active learning in a design-centred academic course with international participation. Research and design were considered as vehicles of active learning in the academic virtual enterprise environment established for the course. The former provided a methodological framework for exploring and structuring dispersed information and knowledge, and for constructing new ones. The latter supported the further development of the creative design capabilities, skills and experiences of the students by involving them in a project presented by the problem-owner partner company. The students formed international design teams, collaborated with industrial and academic experts, managed their own work, acquired information and knowledge in a systematic way, conceptualized and prototyped products according to real-life expectations, and persuaded the partner company to buy their concept products. The course proved to be an excellent active learning environment also for the educators, who could verify new pedagogical concepts and gained experience with the daily management of an academic virtual enterprise.
This paper concerns with free form surface reorganization and assessment of free form model complexity, grouping particular surface geometrical properties within patch boundaries, using self ...organized Kohonen neural network (SOKN). Neural network proved itself as an adequate tool for considering all topological non-linearities appearing in free form surfaces. Coordinate values of point cloud distributed at a particular surface were used as a surface property's descriptor, which was led into SOKN where representative neurons for curvature, slope and spatial surface properties were established. On a basis of this approach, surface patch boundaries were reorganized in such a manner that finish machining strategies gave best possible surface roughness results. The patch boundaries were constructed regarding to the Gaussian and mean curvature, in order to achieve smooth transition between patches, and in this way preserve or even improve desired curve and surface continuities, (C2 and G2). It is shown that by reorganization of boundaries considering curvature, slope and spatial point distribution, the surface quality of machined free form surface is improved. Approach was experimentally verified on 22 free form surface models which were reorganized by SOKN and machined with finish milling tool-path strategies. Results showed rather good improvement of mean surface roughness profile Ra for reorganized surfaces, when comparing to unorganized free form surfaces.
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