The paper describes the results of making the mathematical and physical
models of the authors, by using analogous methods and materials. There is the
mathematical rock mass deformability model as a ...base for foundation
engineering a concrete arch dam and the physical rock slope model which was
tested by loading until failure and the results were compared with the
calculation procedure. In the first example the correlation is established
between the static and the analogous dynamic in situ investigations for
creating the mathematical rock mass deformability model. In the second
example there is application of the analogous materials for the discontinuity
shearing simulation on the physical slope model. The results of the
geotechnical in situ investigations and laboratory testing carried out in the
Institute for Development of Water Resources "Jaroslav Cerni" in Belgrade
were used for making the models.
U radu su dati rezultati izrade matematickih i fizickih modela autora,
dobijenih koriscenjem analognih metoda i materijala. Prikazan je matematicki
model deformabilnosti stenske mase kao podloge za fundiranje lucne betonske
brane i fizicki model stenske kosine na kome su izvrseni ogledi opterecivanja
do loma i rezultati uporedjeni sa racunskim postupkom. U prvom primeru
uspostavljena je korelaciona veza izmedju statickih i analognih dinamickih
ispitivanja in situ za dobijanje matematickog modela deformabilnosti stenske
mase. U drugom primeru pokazana je primena analognih materijala za simulaciju
smicanja po pukotinama na fizickom modelu kosine. Za izradu modela korisceni
su rezultati geotehnickih ispitivanja in situ i laboratorijskih ispitivanja
izvrsenih u Institutu za vodoprivredu "Jaroslav Cerni u Beogradu.
The interwar period represents a turning point for both the Slovenian and Yugoslav banking. During that time Slovenia had a functionally comprehensive banking system. Schematically, joint-stock banks ...primarily emphasised the entrepreneurial sector as its target group, while the credit cooperatives (an important banking institution in Slovenia) mostly covered the needs of the rural population through their elaborate network. Savings banks, established by the local authorities (in Yugoslavia these banks were specific for the Slovenian banking) often engaged in business relations with their founders and urban small and medium-sized businesses. In the 1930s, with the onset of the Great Depression and the all-encompassing lack of trust, the business success indicators worsened dramatically. In consequence, the savings deposits in Slovenia decreased by a third, and the regression continued further as the population transferred their deposits to banks offering state guarantee. During the crisis the banks had to write off a significant percentage of their capital; each year they reduced the volume of loans they provided to the economy, and hence their total assets were also reduced. On the other hand, due to the general feeling of uncertainty in times of crisis, the banks increased (almost doubled) their cash holdings. The situation improved in the second half of the 1930s through active state policy and the measures undertaken for the rehabilitation of the banking system. However, not even right before World War II was the Slovenian banking restored to its pre-crisis level in terms of scale of operations, acquired resources, volume of loans and amount of return. As at the Yugoslav level, the significance of state banks, which started to replace the private banking sector, also rose in Slovenia.
In the framework of the broader political and economic development of the individual states on Balkan Peninsula the author has made the comparison between the performance of the banking sector in ...Yugoslavia, Romania, Greece and Bulgaria. The analysis was carried out on the sample of balance sheets for the most important joint stock banking companies in the respective countries in the years 1928 and 1929 which represent the peak of the activity and performance of banks in region. In the following years the whole region sank in the abyss of the Great Depression of the thirties when the issue of banking performance was considered on the different way. One of the common features of the banks in region is certainly the prevailing role of short-term resources and a huge imbalance in interest incomes and incomes from other bank transactions. This fact does not only testify to high margins and effective interest rates, but also to a limited portfolio in bank services and other transactions, which was the consequence of the social and economic environment that banks had to operate in.
In the framework of the broader political and economic development of the individual states on Balkan Peninsula the author has made the comparison between the performance of the banking sector in ...Yugoslavia, Romania, Greece and Bulgaria. The analysis was carried out on the sample of balance sheets for the most important joint stock banking companies in the respective countries in the years 1928 and 1929 which represent the peak of the activity and performance of banks in region. In the following years the whole region sank in the abyss of the Great Depression of the thirties when the issue of banking performance was considered on the different way. One of the common features of the banks in region is certainly the prevailing role of short-term resources and a huge imbalance in interest incomes and incomes from other bank transactions. This fact does not only testify to high margins and effective interest rates, but also to a limited portfolio in bank services and other transactions, which was the consequence of the social and economic environment that banks had to operate in.
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