This article explains how the voiceless fricative s, or what we refer to as 'special s,' occurs in free talk produced by Japanese speakers of English and what this means for the current understanding ...of Japanese English. The discussion is based on a small corpus compiled by the authors from recordings. The findings are threefold. The special s is always voiceless, occurs only word-finally, and arises from four different pragmatic forces. These forces are discourse marker, hesitation, cause and effect, and expression of self. The definition of Japanese English has been built heavily on the influence of the first language (L1) on the second language (L2). While L1 transfer is integral to L2 English production, the present article supplements this view by disclosing facts about what L2 users do while they are engaged in speaking in English; that is, in usage events.
This paper investigates the English language spoken by four educated Japanese speakers from an acoustic phonetic perspective. We look closely at how they pronounce and connect segments in reading a ...short text. Because English has the status of an international language, it is actively used for various purposes within and across countries. English speakers are therefore not necessarily native speakers but have a different first language (L1); English is a second (L2) or foreign language (FL) for them. There are increasing numbers of studies on Japanese English (JE), particularly from attitudinal and perceptual angles (e.g. Tokumoto & Shibata, 2011; Matsuura et al., 2014), but, as McKenzie (2013: 228) notes, there is a dearth of research that documents, or systematically characterizes, the English produced by Japanese speakers.
Das hier zur Besprechung vorliegende Werk unterscheidet sich in vielerlei Hinsicht von Büchern ähnlicher Art, die Japanisch zum Gegenstand haben. Der Leitgedanke scheint zu sein, dass der Erwerb des ...Japanischen als Zweitsprache oder Fremdsprache durch die richtige Anwendung wissenschaftlicher Forschungsergebnisse erleichtert werden kann. Diese werden für den Lernenden aber unbewusst eingesetzt und nicht, wie man erwarten würde, durch vorheriges Definieren erklärt und anschließend ange- wendet. Um diese Technik zu erreichen werden die Erscheinungen, von denen die Rede ist, anhand von Beispielen aus realen, authentischen Texten exemplifiziert. So wird man sich dessen bewusst, dass es sich um Erscheinungen handelt, die im realen, täglichen Sprachgebrauch vorkommen. Die Fachbegriffe, die notwendig sind, werden in dem jeweiligen Kontext anhand solcher realer, authentischer Beispiele eingeführt, aber nicht wie es üblich ist anhand vorheriger theoretischer Erklärungen.
Z mislijo na čas, ko je enostransko in ozko opredeljeni pojem gospodarnosti postal merilo vsega, se v tem članku argumentira, da se tudi "učenje jezikov" lahko šteje za ekonomski dejavnik. Učenje ...jezikov je mnogim prvina samoizpolnitve in zadovoljstva, morda celo sreče, kar vse v človeski družbi ni le zelo pomembno, temveč se lahko šteje tudi za prvino družbene stabilnosti. Razen tega nam raziskovanje jezika nudi ključ do razumevanja, kako možgani (kot organ, ki obdeluje podatke) delujejo, in odpira pomembno vprašanje, ali obdelava podatkov poteka v vseh jezikih enako - ali pa so v tem pogledu razločki, in kako se slednji razložijo. Navsezadnje se bo dalo samo z jezikom razložiti (če se sploh razložiti da), kako duh nastane iz materije. To temeljno vprašanje more dobiti odgovor samo, če dojamemo mehanizem človeškega jezika.
This paper investigates the English language spoken by four educated Japanese speakers from an acoustic phonetic perspective. We look closely at how they pronounce and connect segments in reading a ...short text. Because English has the status of an international language, it is actively used for various purposes within and across countries. English speakers are therefore not necessarily native speakers but have a different first language (L1); English is a second (L2) or foreign language (FL) for them. There are increasing numbers of studies on Japanese English (JE), particularly from attitudinal and perceptual angles (e.g. Tokumoto & Shibata, 2011; Matsuura et al., 2014), but, as McKenzie (2013: 228) notes, there is a dearth of research that documents, or systematically characterizes, the English produced by Japanese speakers.
Icelandic has two auxiliary verbs,
hafa ‘have’ and
vera ‘be’, to express two types of perfectivity assigned to the sentence, which are called in this paper ‘experiential perfect’ and ‘perfect of ...result’. This paper seeks to explain the behavior of these auxiliaries from semantic and pragmatic perspectives with a special focus on
vera. We argue that the most important factor in understanding the distinction between
hafa and
vera is that the perfect of result interpretation, encoded mostly in
vera-sentences, arises in association with the speaker's different roles in speech events. We propose that the speaker is taken as a vantage point in the interpretation of
vera-sentences and the resultant state is portrayed in accordance with his various involvements in the events. Properties of aspect such as telicity or the inferable eventual position of an entity, which have been proposed as key components in accounts of auxiliary selection, are shown to play no decisive role in Icelandic.
Owing to its morphological stability, Old Icelandic can be read by speakers of Modern Icelandic without any special preparation. The stability of the written language has distracted linguists from ...investigating how Modern Icelandic is really spoken. In an effort to remedy this, recent pronunciation changes caused by alterations in vowel quality, monophthongization of short diphthongs, & shortening of simple & compound words are described. 12 References. Z. Dubiel
Manual of english phonetics Petursson, Magnus
Acta Linguistica Hafniensia,
19/1/1/, Letnik:
30, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Book Review
Recenzirano
English is probably the most thoroughly investigated language of the world. There exist extensive studies of English phonetics and of nearly all aspects of English linguistics. Therefore the reader ...might ask if this new "Manual of English Phonetics" is likely to bring something new or if it is merely a compilation of research results, a kind of encyclopedia of English linguistics.
PDF
