A major account of Renaissance portraiture by one of the
twentieth century's most eminent art historians In this
book, John Pope-Hennessy provides an unprecedented look at two
centuries of experiment ...in portraiture during the Renaissance.
Pope-Hennessy shows how the Renaissance cult of individuality
brought with it a demand that the features of the individual be
perpetuated, a concept first manifested in the portraits that fill
the great Florentine fresco cycles and led, later in the fifteenth
century, to the creation of the independent portrait by such
artists as Sandro Botticelli, Antonio del Pollaiuolo, Giovanni
Bellini, and Antonello da Messina. Pope-Hennessy goes on to
describe the process by which Titian and the great artists of the
High Renaissance transformed the portrait from a record of
appearance into an analysis of character.
Beginning with an historical reminiscence, this paper examines the peer review process as experienced by authors currently seeking publication of their research in a highly controversial area. A case ...study of research into the events of 9/11 (11 September 2001) illustrates some of the problems in peer review arising from undue influences based on financial and political considerations. The paper suggests that ethical failures, rather than flaws in the process itself, are mainly responsible for perceived problems. The way forward lies in improved ethics and a more open process. In addition, editorial review boards and peer review strategies would help to improve the ethics of peer review in general.
Flame On; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Chapter 1: An Ancient Fear in Modern Form: The Introduction of Flame Weapons During World War I; Chapter 2: The Doldrums: 1920-1939; ...Chapter 3: Europe Aflame: The American Reaction, 1940-1942; Chapter 4: An Uphill Battle: Flame Throwers in Europe, 1942-1945; Chapter 5: Aerial Bombardment of Germany: The Role of Incendiary Bombs; Chapter 6: Flame Throwers in the Pacific: 1942-1945; Chapter 7: Target Japan: Incendiary Attacks in the Pacific; Epilogue; Appendix 1: Flame Throwers of World War II.
This thesis details work relating to the characterisation of microstructured fibres using SPM techniques. More specifically the optical properties of the fibres have been investigated by the use of a ...scanning near-field optical microscope and atomic force microscopy. The SNOM was constructed and fully characterised as part of this work. The current state of research into microstructured fibre fabrication, theory and applications is currently benefitting from a great deal of interest from academia and commercial investors alike. New fibre structures are being produced at a rate previously impossible. With this increase comes a need to be able to characterise more effectively the fibres that are produced. SNOM provides a number of significant features that address this issue. In this work four recently fabricated microstructured fibres have been investigated at a number of wavelengths. In each case accurate mode pro- files have been measured and compared with resolution that would be extremely difficult to obtain with traditional mode profiling techniques. A theoretical model has also been used to predict the mode profiles. Measurements of the mode profiles after propagation in free space are presented and are compared to a theoretical beam propagation technique. An interferometric technique at 1550nm was used to image electric field amplitude and phase of the fibre modes, including results on the phase evolution of the mode as it propagates in free space.
The final official reports on the destruction of the World Trade Center Twin Towers (WTC1/2) were published in September, 2005 by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 1. Since ...then, serious questions have been raised by over 2100 qualified architects, engineers and scientists about how NIST selected the forensic evidence to be included and about the processes used to reach its conclusions 2. This is troubling for such important reports. The public has come to expect that analyses would depend on peer review to verify the soundness of a scientific work and ensure that the conclusions are the result of a consistent, transparent and ethical process. This is especially important in reporting on an event with such major consequences as that of September 11, 2001.
This thesis details work relating to the characterisation of microstructured fibres using SPM techniques. More specifically the optical properties of the fibres have been investigated by the use of a ...scanning near-field optical microscope and atomic force microscopy. The SNOM was constructed and fully characterised as part of this work. The current state of research into microstructured fibre fabrication, theory and applications is currently benefitting from a great deal of interest from academia and commercial investors alike. New fibre structures are being produced at a rate previously impossible. With this increase comes a need to be able to characterise more effectively the fibres that are produced. SNOM provides a number of significant features that address this issue. In this work four recently fabricated microstructured fibres have been investigated at a number of wavelengths. In each case accurate mode pro- files have been measured and compared with resolution that would be extremely difficult to obtain with traditional mode profiling techniques. A theoretical model has also been used to predict the mode profiles. Measurements of the mode profiles after propagation in free space are presented and are compared to a theoretical beam propagation technique. An interferometric technique at 1550nm was used to image electric field amplitude and phase of the fibre modes, including results on the phase evolution of the mode as it propagates in free space.
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