Solvothermal synthesis has shown to have a great potential to synthesize Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with less than 10 nm size. In this study, we present a rapid synthesis of ZnO NPs in which ...ZnO NPs with more uniform shape and highly dispersed were synthesized using zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2 2H2O) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a precursor and absolute ethanol as solvent via solvothermal method. Few techniques were exploited to characterize synthesized ZnO NPs including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Synthesized ZnO NPs that were prepared via solvothermal synthesis method at 60 °C for 3 hours exhibited a wurtzite structure with a crystalline size of 10.08 nm and particle size of 7.4 ± 1.2 nm. The UV-vis absorption spectrum has shown peak at 357 nm indicate the presence of ZnO NPs. Hence, better quality with uniform size ZnO NPs can be easily synthesized with reduced amount of time via solvothermal synthesis method rather than using other complicated and lengthy synthesis methods.
In this research, first graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using modified Hummers method and thence via a multi-step procedure, surface of GO was decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (GO-Fe3O4). ...Thereafter, developed nanoparticles were characterized using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses and their magnetic properties confirmed using VSM analysis. Moreover, performance of the GO-Fe3O4 for the removal and adsorption of Erythrosine dye from the aqueous solution under variable conditions including pH, phosphate buffer solution (PBS), adsorbent content, stirring time, electrolyte concentration, solution content and temperature were examined. In this regard, for obtained solutions from the chicken slaughterhouse and hospital sewage disposal system containing 20, 50 and 70 mg mL-1 Erythrosine dye, GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles adsorbed from approximately 94 % to 97 % of the total dye, respectively. What is more, the highest adsorption capacity was obtained at 149.25 mg/g by means of Langmuir model. The obtained results clearly showed that GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles present a fabulous performance for the absorption and removal of dyes form disposal systems.
5-Hydroxy-7-methyl-3H-thiazolo4,5-bpyridin-2-one was obtained by the reaction of 4-iminothiazolidin-2-one with acetoacetic ester. Further structural modifications include the introduction of ...diversity at the C5 and C6 positions. The anti-inflammatory action of novel thiazolo4,5-bpyridine-2-one derivatives was evaluated in vivo employing the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro by the method of scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals.
In this study, the green extraction of bioactive compounds from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) fruits and their antioxidant activity were investigated. An ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with deep ...eutectic solvents (DES) was used for this purpose. Deep eutectic solvents based on citric acid were specially designed. Namely, hydrogen bond donor (HBD) such as glycerol and ethylene glycol as well as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) like citric acid were used. After choosing the best option of DES, for extraction of the bioactive ingredients, optimal extraction conditions of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction have been optimized through Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM). Total phenolics content (TPC), total anthocyanins content (TAA), and antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) have been found as 103.37 mg GAE/g DW in DES2, 92.23 mg GAE/g DW in DES1, 3.25mg C3G/100g-DW in DES2, 1.31 mg C3G/100g-DW in DES1, and 101.85% inhibition in DES2, 94.32%. The results of this study showed that this method is a competitive sustainable, green, and effective extraction of bioactive compounds from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) fruits.
Electroporation is used to increase the permeability of the cell membrane through high-voltage electric pulses. Nowadays, it is widely used in different areas, such as medicine, biotechnology, and ...the food industry. Electroporation induces the formation of hydrophilic pores in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, to allow the entry or exit of molecules that cannot otherwise cross this hydrophobic barrier. In this article, we critically review the basic principles of electroporation, along with the advantages and drawbacks of this method. We discuss the effects of electroporation on the key components of biological membranes, as well as the main applications of this procedure in medicine, such as electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, and tissue ablation. Finally, we define the most relevant challenges of this promising area of research.
The discovery of antibacterials is considered one of the greatest medical achievements of all time. In this work, a combination of three computational analyzes: 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and ADME ...evaluation were applied in thienopyrimidine derivatives intended toward gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The validity of 3D-QSAR model was tested with a set of data which is divided into a training and a test set. The two models constructed (CoMFA and CoMSIA) show good statistical reliability (q2 = 0.758; r2 = 0.96; r2pred = 0.783) and (q2 = 0.744; r2 = 0.97; r2pred = 0.625) respectively. In addition, docking methods were applied to understand the structural features responsible for the affinity of the ligands in the binding of S. aureus DNA gyrase. Drug likeness and ADME analysis applied in this series of new proposed compounds, have shown that the five lead molecules would have the potential to be effective drugs and could be used as a starting point for designing compounds against Staphylococcus aureus.
The scientific interest in developing the advanced metal based compounds to inhibit and control bacterial infections is continuously rising. Keeping in view their pharmacological significance, two ...new bioactive symmetrical phenylenediamine mono- and bis-Schiff bases, 2-{(4-aminophenyl)iminomethyl}-6-methoxyphenol (L1) and 2,2'-{benzene-1,2-diylbisnitrilomethylylidene}bis(6-methoxyphenol) (L2) have been synthesized and characterized by using physical techniques, spectral methods, elemental and DFT based computational analysis with B3LYP/6-311++G(d, p) basis set. Furthermore, the synthesized ligands were complexed with VO, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn ions in ratio M:L,1:2 and 1:1, respectively. All the complexes exhibited significant antibacterial action against all tested bacterial strains. But overall, the zinc complexes possessed higher antibacterial activity. These results concluded that metal complexes might be promising induction in the upcoming time for medical purposes.
The anilide compound named (Z)-4-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)amino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid (MAOA) has been synthesized by the chemical reaction of 2-methoxy-4-nitroaniline and maleic anhydride in ethyl ...acetate. The synthesized compound was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and TGA/DSC technique. Furthermore, the crystal structure was analyzed by the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC XRD) technique. The supramolecular assembly of MAOA in terms of non-covalent interactions was explored by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Void analysis inferred that MAOA is expected to have good mechanical properties. The crystal packing environment was further investigated by interaction energy between molecular pairs and energy frameworks. Moreover, the result of the gas-phase DFT study showed that there is an intramolecular N–H···O and O–H···O hydrogen bond in MAOA due to the distance between D and A being smaller than the sum of their van der Waals radii. The result of the QTAIM study showed that there should also be an intramolecular CH···O hydrogen bond with a strength of 3.40 kcal/mol in MAOA.
Some novel benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated. Compounds 3a and 3b exhibited excellent antibacterial activity with MIC values <4 μg/mL ...against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MSSA) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 (MRSA). Molecular docking analyzes of compounds with MIC values of 16 μg/mL and below against gram-positive bacteria and fungi were performed using FabH (β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III) as bacterial protein and CYP51 (sterol 14α-demethylase) as the fungal target protein. According to the molecular docking analysis, it was calculated that sufficient protein-ligand interaction energy was liberated between the compounds 2f, 3a, 3b, 3e and 3h and the antibacterial target protein FabH and strong interactions were formed between 2f and 3h and the antifungal target protein. According to RMSD, RMSF and MMPBSA measurements obtained from molecular dynamics, it is understood that compounds 3a and 3b maintain protein-ligand stability in silico physiological conditions.
In this study, a series of hydrazide-hydrazone derivatives (3a-3u) were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activities against prostate cancer cell line (PC-3), breast cancer cell line ...(MCF-7), colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using MTT assay. In particular, compound 3h having a pyrrole ring was found to be the most potent derivative with IC50 = 1.32, 2.99, 1.71 µM against PC-3, MCF-7, HT-29 cancer cell lines respectively using paclitaxel as a standard compound. Furthermore, compound 3h was subjected to further biological studies such as caspase-3 activity and Annexin-V assay to evaluate their inhibitory potentials. The activity results displayed that compound 3h increased caspase-3 activation and the number of cells to early apoptosis. The additional studies like pharmacokinetics, bioavailability scores and drug-likeness properties were also evaluated. The in silico pharmacokinetics predictions displayed that the bioavailability of these compounds may be high.
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