Three studies investigated the effects of love priming on text recall. In Study 1, love was induced through exposition to scrambled words and letters semantically associated with love. It was ...predicted and found that participants induced with the idea of love, as compared to a control group, had better recall of a problem-solution text. Studies 2 and 3 verified that this effect may be generalized to other texts, simply due to the presence of the word love. It was also found that the priming of love increased interest in the material, but had no effect on mood. These results suggest that love may act as an emotion schema (Izard, 2007), with increased motivation and activation of approachoriented responses.
Previous longitudinal studies of mood showed that mood displays a circaseptan (weekly) rhythm, reaching its peaks during weekends and falling during the working week. These studies stirred numerous ...debates about whether the circaseptan nature of the mood is determined culturally or biologically. The goal of the present study was to determine how the division of the week on the working week and the weekend impacts mood. A sample of students completed the shortened version of the PANAS-X questionnaire each day throughout July (working week and the weekend not separated) and November (working week and the weekend separated). Cosinor rhythmometry was used to analyze the data. As in previous research, a circaseptan mood rhythm was detected in November. However, a circaseptan rhythm was not detected in July - a circasemilunar rhythm was detected instead. These results suggest that the division of the week on the working week and the weekend has a great impact on mood and that more longitudinal studies of this type are needed to better understand this relationship.
The paper presents the construction and initial validation data on a new instrument intended to measure empathy in early adolescents. Research on adults mostly supports the hypothesis of a cognitive ...and an affective component of empathy, but the structure of empathy in children is less clear. In designing this instrument, empathy was conceptualized as rather stable disposition composed of the suggested cognitive and affective dimensions. The questionnaire was administered on two samples of elementary school students (n1 = 202; n2 = 133). Average age in both samples was 12 years, with boys and girls equally represented. The analyses, including EFA, CFA, and validity evidence based on relationships with demographic data and some personality traits, suggest a general empathy factor and a reverse coding method factor. The results are interpreted in light of existing theories and previous empirical findings published on empathy measures, with a special emphasis on methodological issues encountered. Keywords: empathy, dimensionality, early adolescents, CFA
This study investigated the associations between (a) the adult attachment in close relationships measured by attachment dimensions of avoidance and anxiety (Experiences of Close Relationships ...Inventory; Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998), and (b) the intergenerational family patterns in terms of personal authority constructs (individuation, triangulation, intimacy, personal authority, and intergenerational intimidation; Personal Authority in the Family System Questionnaire, PAFS-Q; Bray, Williamson, & Malone, 1984a, 1984b). The study also examined gender differences in PAFS-Q dimensions using the data from 160 adult couples (N = 320). Our results showed that higher levels on Spousal Intimacy, Spousal Fusion/Individuation, Intergenerational Fusion/Individuation, and Personal Authority significantly predicted lower anxiety, while higher levels on Spousal Intimacy, and less Triangulation with spouses and children significantly predicted lower avoidance in close relationships. Gender differences were found only on Personal Authority scale, with men reporting greater ability to interact with their parents in an individuated and intimate manner than did females.
The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Macedonian version of the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT–M; Quirin, Kazén, & Kuhl, 2009). First, in a ...pretest study, it was shown that two of the artificial words from the original test needed to be replaced, since they were not free of meaning in a Macedonian context. Two new artificial words were included in the IPANAT–M. Study 1 showed that the IPANAT–M had satisfactory test-retest reliability over a period of one week. In Study 2, the factorial validity of the test was explored. The two factor solution explained 63.91% of the total variance, and the factors could be easily interpreted as implicit positive and implicit negative affect. The results indicate that IPANAT–M has satisfactory psychometric properties. Keywords: implicit affect, IPANAT–M, psychometric properties
Previous studies indicate that the most important stressors in the seafaring population are: long-term separation from home and families; loneliness and social isolation; work-related stressors (high ...workload and long working hours, low control and work-role conflict), and environmental stressors related to life on board. The seafaring population is also subject to many risks, especially those relating to accidents and injuries, pirate incidents, morbidity from infectious diseases, the limited ability to provide medical aid on board, and an increased risk of cancer. Studies of seafarers’ mortality indicate that this population is still characterized by a high risk of fatal accident, diseases that are the results of an unhealthy lifestyle, and also by the high level of suicides in the seafaring population, which could be seen as a reflection of impaired mental health. The physical health of seafarers has been the subject of numerous studies, which have focused mostly on cardiovascular diseases and cancer. On the other hand, the mental health and psychological well-being of seafarers are relatively less well-explored. Finally, the paper gives some guidance for further studies, as well as recommendations for minimizing the negative effects of occupational stressors and risks on seafarers’ health.
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