Downregulation of miR-195 in colorectal cancer tissues has been reported in several studies. We investigated the impact exogenous induction of mature miR-195-5p on some malignant features of human ...colorectal cancer cells. Caco-2 and SW480 human colon cancer cell lines were transfected with a synthetic miR-195-5p mimic. Exogenous induction of miR-195-5p suppressed multiple mediators of invasion and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer cells and increased the apoptotic cell population in both cell lines. Also, migration of both cell lines was significantly compromised after miR-195 transfection. Our results are indicating a strong tumor suppressive role for miR-195 in human colorectal cancer.
This study investigated the ability of intra-subventricular zone (SVZ) administration of cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) on neural progenitor cells (NPCs) attraction from the SVZ toward ...the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned striatum and improvement of motor dysfunctions in Parkinsonian rats. Male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups of the sham model (Sham), 6-OHDA-lesioned (OH), 6-OHDA-lesioned plus CDNF vehicle (OH+Vehicle), and 6-OHDA-lesioned plus CDNF (OH+CDNF). The animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD) was induced by unilateral intra-striatal infusion of 6-OHDA. Rats in the treatment groups received an intra-SVZ injection of CDNF or the vehicle of CDNF two weeks after PD model induction and were then subjected to the beam and bar tests on days 7, 14, and 21 after CDNF injection. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was intraperitoneally injected to label newly generated cells. Migration and proliferation of NPCs were assessed by BrdU/doublecortin (DCX) double immunofluorescence method on days 7, 14, and 21 after CDNF infusion. 6-OHDA in the OH group induced catalepsy and increased elapsed time in the beam test compared to the Sham group. However, administration of CDNF improved the motor performance and increased the number of DCX expressing neuroblasts in the SVZ as compared to the OH and OH+Vehicle groups. CDNF also enhanced cell proliferation and increased the number of migrated BrdU- and DCX-positive cells toward the lesioned striatum in the OH+CDNF group. These results suggest that CDNF enhances the proliferation and migration of neural stem cells (NSCs) toward the lesioned striatum accompanied by improvement of PD-induced motor dysfunctions.
MiRNA-associated genetic variants occurring in regulatory regions can affect the efficiency of transcription and potentially modify pri-miRNA or pre-miRNA processing. Since miRNA-based mechanisms are ...shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of rs4938723, rs1076064 and rs4705343 occurring in regulatory regions of miR-34b/c, miR-143/145 and miR-378, respectively, on PCa risk and progression in Serbian population. We examined a total of 1060 subjects, of which 350 were patients with PCa, 354 were patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), while 356 healthy volunteers were included in the control group. Genotyping of rs4938723, rs1076064 and rs4705343 was performed by using Taqman
SNP Genotyping Assays. Allele C of rs4705342 was found to increase the risk of PCa (
=0.031 for codominant model,
=0.0088 for recessive model). Rs1076064 minor allele G was found to associate with serum PSA score, as well as with PCa T category and disease aggressiveness. For rs4938723 minor allele C was shown to be associated with the lower PCa T category (P
=0.0046; OR=0.36, 95 % CI 0.17-0.76) in T2 vs. T1 comparison. Rs4705342 was identified as PCa susceptibility variant in Serbian population, while for rs1076064 and rs4938723 association with PCa progression parameters was found.
Considering the therapeutic values of bioflavonoids in colon cancer treatment, six 2'-hydroxy chalcones (C1-C6) were synthesized, characterized and screened for
cytotoxicity on human colon carcinoma ...(HCT116) and African green monkey kidney epithelial cells (Vero). Only C5 showed selective cytotoxicity against HCT116 cells. Other potent cytotoxic compounds were C1, C2 and C3. Further screening included enzyme inhibition studies on histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme where C1 showed lowest IC
value (105.03 µM). Based on cytotoxicity data C1, C2 and C3 were selected for further
mechanistic studies, namely apoptotic studies (Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Annexin V), cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide (PI) stain and
anticancer efficacy in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induced colorectal carcinoma in Wistar rats. The compounds induced apoptosis in more than 30 % cells in AO/EB and Annexin V staining. They also showed cell cycle arrest in G
/M phase with PI staining. They showed a significant reduction in aberrant crypt foci formation and adenocarcinoma count along with a significant (p<0.05) reduction in TNF-α levels as compared to DMH control at 100 mg/kg dose. Thus, it can be concluded that the synthesized 2'-hydroxychalcones were effective against colon adenocarcinoma in
and
studies.
Chronic neuropathic pain is a common and widely recognized pain syndrome for patients and difficult to manage for physicians.
(AI) possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. ...To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of AI standardized extract in an animal model of peripheral neuropathy induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). PSNL was induced in male Wistar rats (180-200 g) with tight ligation of the nerve. Rats received treatment with either vehicle i.e. distilled water (PSNL control), Pyridoxine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) or AI (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Various behavioral parameters, biochemical, molecular and histological parameters were evaluated. PSNL resulted in a significant decrease (
0.05) in allodynia, hyperalgesia, motor coordination and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) whereas chronic treatment with AI (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly attenuated (
0.05) these behavioral changes. Enhanced activity of oxidative-nitrosative stress, inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB) as well as mRNA expression of Bax, Caspase-3, and iNOs were significantly attenuated (
0.05) by AI treatment. It also significantly increased (
0.05) peripheral blood oxygen content and Bcl-2 mRNA expression. The flow cytometric analysis revealed that AI (200 and 400 mg/kg) treatment significantly attenuated neural apoptosis and reactive oxygen species levels. PSNL induced histological aberrations were also decreased by AI treatment.
exerts its neuroprotection against PSNL induced neuropathic pain via inhibition of oxidative-nitrosative stress, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis to improve MNCV (graphical abstract, Figure 1(Fig. 1)).
Six medicinal halophytes widely represented in North Africa and commonly used in traditional medicine were screened for pharmacological properties to set out new promising sources of natural ...ingredients for cosmetic or nutraceutical applications. Thus,
,
,
,
,
and
were examined for their
antioxidant (DPPH scavenging and superoxide anion-scavenging,
-carotene bleaching inhibition and iron-reducing tests), antibacterial (microdilution method, against four human pathogenic bacteria) and anti-tyrosinase activities. Besides, their aromatic composition was determined by RP-HPLC.
shoot extracts exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and inhibited efficiently the growth of
and
.
and
inhibited slightly monophenolase, whereas
was the most efficient inhibitor of diphenolase activity. Furthermore,
exhibited the highest aromatic content (3.4 % DW), with dopamine as the major compound. These observations suggest that shoot extract of
, and to a lesser extent of
, could be used as antioxidant, antibiotic as well as new natural skin lightening agents. Also, possible implication of aromatic compounds in anti-tyrosinase activity is discussed.
Halophilic prokaryotes are extremophile microorganisms that grow optimally in media containing salts and almost appeared pigmented. Many of them contain high concentrations of carotenoids. Amongst 15 ...strains of halophilic prokaryotes isolated from industrial tannery wastewater in Qom, a Gram-stain-positive coccoid, aerobic, non-endospore-forming, halotolerant bacterium designated as strain QWT-12 showed high capacity in the production of carotenoids in a wide range of culture medium factors. 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that this strain belongs to the genus
. Carotenoids from this strain were extracted by methanol. MTT assay for extracted carotenoid was carried out against seven cancer cell lines belonging to breast, lung and prostate cancer with negative control of fibroblast cell line through six concentration levels to find out IC
. Based on statistical analysis of data from MTT assay, IC
of 1, 4 and 8 mg/ml for MCF-7, (A549 and MDA-MB-468) and MDA-MB-231 respectively. Additionally, qualitative carotenoid determination was carried out using spectrophotometric method in 300-600 nm and thin layer chromatography, respectively. According to the obtained results from mass spectrophotometry, absorption spectrum of strain QWT-12 is similar to the absorption spectrum of the carotenoid neurosporene.
