Speaking Lives, Authoring Texts is a critical collection of three women's oral slave narratives, Louisa Picquet, the Octoroon: A Tale of Southern Slave Life (1861), The Story of Mattie J. Jackson ...(1866), and Sylvia Dubois, A Biography of The Slave Who Whipped Her Mistress and Gained Her Freedom (1883), that have received little scholarly attention owing both to the oral nature of the texts and the circumstances of their publication and republication. Taken together, these narratives display African American women's discursive practices that subvert oppression, assert agency, and create representations of the past that counter dominant narratives of both slavery and American culture. This volume ensures that twenty-first-century readers "hear" these voices to not only gain historical knowledge, but also to understand the dynamics of literacy and self-representation, and to locate oral narratives in the spectrum and tradition of African American literary production.
A Convenção Preliminar de Paz de 1828 pôs fim a um dos mais significativos conflitos internacionais da região platina no século XIX: a Guerra da Cisplatina (1825-1828). Originalmente concebida como ...provisória, acabou por tornar-se o único dispositivo jurídico internacional relevante na região platina nas décadas seguintes. Contudo, suas disposições falharam em definir fronteiras, assim como estabelecer um marco de relacionamento entre os Estados, especialmente em questões de navegação, extradição e comércio. A ambiguidade de seus artigos abriu caminho para intervenções estrangeiras e conflitos entre os países signatários, além de impor diversas restrições internacionais, incluindo no campo da guerra. Este artigo pretende discutir a ordem internacional platina estabelecida em 1828, refletindo sobre como esse instrumento foi crucial na configuração do sistema internacional platino, com efeitos significativos e decisivos nos processos de formação dos Estados nacionais na região.
Metabolic rate is a key parameter in fish energy budgets that strongly influences the output of bioenergetics models. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that metabolic rate varies with growth ...history of age-1 largemouth bass Micropterus nigricans Cuvier, 1828. Two groups of fish were fed alternating maintenance or ad libitum rations of fathead minnow Pimephales promelas Rafinesque, 1820, so that over a 9-week period, initial and ending size of fish was similar. After 9 weeks, oxygen consumption was measured using static, closed respirometry. Although final body weight was similar between the two groups (means, 104–108 g), specific oxygen consumption for fish fed maintenance rations (0.094 mg O 2 g −2 h −1 ) was 38% less than that measured for fish fed ad libitum (0.152 mg O 2 g −2 h −1 ). Bioenergetics estimates of food consumption were similar to observed values for fish fed ad libitum (∼7% error), but for fish fed maintenance rations, the model overestimated food consumption by 65%. By accounting for changes in metabolic rate owing to reduced feeding, error in model estimates of food consumption was reduced. These findings shed new insight into factors associated with consumption-dependent error in bioenergetics models and highlight the importance of feeding history on metabolic rate of fish. Incorporating growth-dependent metabolism into bioenergetics models can improve model accuracy and allow fisheries biologists to make more informed decisions regarding fish growth and energetics.
American Civil-War era art critics James Jackson Jarves, Clarence Cook, and William J. Stillman classified styles and defined art in terms that have become fundamental to our modern periodization of ...the art of the nineteenth century. In Critical Shift, Karen Georgi re-reads many of their well-known texts, finding certain key discrepancies between their words and our historiography, pointing to unrecognized narrative desires. The book also studies ruptures and revolutionary breaks between “old” and “new” art, as well as the issue of the morality of “true” art. Georgi asserts that these concepts and their sometimes-loaded expression were part of larger rhetorical structures that gainsay the uses to which the key terms have been put in modern historiography. It has been more than fifty years since a book has been devoted to analyzing the careers of these three critics; and never before has their role in the historiography and periodization of American art been analyzed. The conclusions drawn from this close re-reading of well-known texts are significant for more than just our understanding of nineteenth century criticism. They challenge the fundamental nature of “historical context” in American art history.
The vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration remains a subject of active research given its relevance to a plethora of problems in hydraulics, hydrology, ecology, and water quality ...control. Many of the classical theories developed over the course of 90 years represent the effects of turbulence on suspended sediments (SS) using an effective mixing length or eddy diffusivity without explicitly accounting for the energetics of turbulent eddies across scales. To address this gap, the turbulent flux of sediments is derived using a co‐spectral budget (CSB) model that can be imminently used in SS and other fine particle transport models. The CSB closes the pressure‐redistribution effect using a spectral linear Rotta scheme modified to include isotropization of production and interactions between turbulent eddies and sediment grains through a modified scale‐dependent de‐correlation time. The result is a formulation similar in complexity to the widely used Rouse's equation but with all characteristic scales, Reynolds number, and Schmidt number effects derived from well‐established spectral shapes of the vertical velocity and accepted constants from turbulence models. Finally, the proposed CSB model can recover Prandtl's and Rouse's equations under restricted conditions.
Key Points
A suspended sediment concentration (SSC) equation for turbulent flows is proposed and tested
The equation is derived from a co‐spectral budget that accounts for energy distribution in all eddy sizes
The effects of Reynolds number and a scale‐dependent Schmidt number on SSC are explicitly described
Examining Ludwig York Choris's diary, which was first published in 1999, and representations of Aleut, Kamchadal, and Chukchi people in his Voyage pittoresque autour du monde (Paris 1822), my article ...discusses methods of aesthetic and scientific visualization in an early nineteenth-century research expedition. The album was the outcome of Choris's participation in the Russian circumnavigation of the globe (1815-1818) and is an invaluable ethnographic record of Indigenous cultures in the North Pacific. I use the concept of 'Indigenous countersigns' (Douglas 2014) to investigate whether Aleut, Kamchadal, and Chukchi presence is inscribed in this little studied European work on Indigenous peoples and in Choris's private journal. Going beyond the common binary of 'us' and 'the others', I discuss how Indigenous presence is still traceable in his texts. Further questions addressed concern the illustrations' intended purpose and the influence of the contact zone wherein Choris and the Indigenous actors had to meet for the drawings to be made in the first place. This analysis is supplemented with unpublished letters of Choris to Adelbert von Chamisso, another member of the Russian circumnavigation, which can be found in the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preussischer Kulturbesitz, and passages of Otto von Kotzebue's official expedition report (1821). References are made to around thirty, hitherto unknown watercolours by Choris, which are part of the Beinecke Collection, Yale.
In this article, I read the Dutch poet Alfred Schaffer's volume of poetry Mens dier ding (Man animal thing) against the background of transnationalism. I employ transnationalism as critical or ...hermeneutic perspective and focus on the identity of the author, the themes worked out in the volume and the use of anachronism and metapoetical references as literary strategies in support of the transnational nature of the text. Reference is made to the way in which Schaffer's biography (his Dutch-Aruban descent, his movement between the Netherlands and South Africa, his views on poetry) facilitates a transnational reading of his volume Mens dier ding based on the history of the Zulu king Shaka as depicted in Thomas Mofolo's novel Chaka (published in 1925). The article also reads Mens dier ding against the background of the idea that transnational literature is a particular kind of literature that emerges at a specific point in history and deals with issues and themes associated with imperialism, colonisation, decolonisation and globalisation such as migration, displacement, cultural hybridity, identity, citizenship and the status of refugees. This reading is prompted by the fact that Schaffer displaces the historical Shaka to the present and eventually also represents him as an asylum seeker in an unnamed country. I discuss the volume's formal features, the transnational conversation with Mofolo's novel, the use of anachronism and the insertion of metapoetical elements in the text as literary strategies to deal with transnational issues such as migration, displacement, racial hierarchies, inequality and refugee experience. Keywords: transnationalism, transnational literature, minor transnationalism, lateral transnationalism, anachronism, metapoetry, Alfred Schaffer, Mens dier ding, Thomas Mofolo, Chaka.
Race and the Yale Report of 1828 Todorinova, Lily
History of education quarterly,
02/2024, Letnik:
64, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This essay recontextualizes the Yale Report of 1828, arguing that the report’s advocacy for classical liberal education should be understood alongside the racial concerns of its authors, some of whom ...were well-known colonizationists who viewed African American education as a threat to New Haven’s social and economic stability. The Yale Report’s vision for leadership and economic success not only excluded African Americans by default, but created a lasting binary that defined Black educational opportunities in the nineteenth century and beyond. The essay considers the near overlap between the writing of the Yale Report and the failed proposal to establish an African American men’s college in New Haven in 1831, placing the document within a key period in the history of American higher education in which education became highly commodified and racialized. Building upon scholarship on the Yale Report that has already considered its neorepublican aims, this essay opens the possibility of viewing the document beyond its immediate concerns with curricular reform and contemplating the elusive connections between American higher education, race, and power.
Syzygium odoratum (Lour.) DC. 1828 is a deciduous shrub in the family Myrtaceae. This species grows in sparse forests, especially in mountains, valleys, and broad-leaved evergreen forests along ...streams from 100 to 400 m above sea level. The primary distribution is in southern China (e.g. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, etc.) and other south Asian countries (e.g. Vietnam). Here, we report and characterize the complete plastome from a cultivar of S. odoratum (Lour.) DC. 1828. The complete plastome is 159,352 bp in length with a typical structure and gene content found in angiosperms, including two inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 26,472 bp, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,993 bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,415 bp. The plastome contains 132 genes, consisting of 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The overall G/C content in the plastome of S. odoratum is 36.9%. By inferring phylogenetic relationships based on the existing data of related taxa, we find that S. odoratum is most closely related to Syzygium acuminatissimum, (Blume) DC. 1828 given the current sampling. The complete plastome sequence of S. odoratum will provide a useful resource for conservation genetics of this species, as well as for phylogenetic studies involving Myrtaceae.
On 25 November 2020, the EU adopted the Directive on Representative Actions. This long-awaited legal instrument is the first to create a binding European-wide collective action mechanism for monetary ...relief. Notwithstanding that it was supposed to crown three decades of intellectual efforts, the Directive failed to establish a workable system going beyond traditionalist fundamentalism. The Directive takes a markedly minimalist approach and its only added value is that some collective mechanism, however ineffective and low-key, should be available in every Member State. This paper provides an analytical overview of the Directive in light of the pertinent European debate. Section 2 provides a general presentation and assessment of the Directive’s scope and nature and the issues it fails to address. The rest of the sections deals with the Directive’s different regulatory chapters. Section 3 deals with the rules on standing and qualified entities. Section 4 addresses the Directive’s provisions on opt-in and opt-out. Section 5 presents the safeguards the Directive sets up against abusive litigation. Section 6 contains the paper’s conclusions and defines the incremental value generated by the Directive (it takes stock of those elements that may represent an added value in comparison to the pre-Directive regulatory situation).
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