The fight during the First World War was mainly against Arab rebels in the Hejaz, Yemen and Asir fronts where the Ottoman Empire fought. Among these fronts, the Hejaz front is important in terms of ...its strategic importance and hosting the sacred lands. Although the footsteps of the Arab revolt in the Hejaz region were clearly heard, the Ottoman administration ignored. The chain of mistakes that started with the appointment of Sharif Hussein as the Emir of Mecca continued with the ignorance of his cooperation with the British and his provocation of other tribes against the Ottoman Empire under his leadership over time. Being so tolerant of betrayal and almost ignoring the problem made the Ottoman State pay a heavy price.When the existing forces in the Mecca region were disintegrated and many garrisons, barracks and police stations were dispersed, the garrisons were left helpless against the crowded rebel forces, and Fahrettin Pasha used the forces in his hands as a whole in the Medina region, striking the Arab rebels one after another. However, the successful execution of the Medina Defense did not contribute to the Palestinian front, and every reinforcement unit sent to Madinah made the defense on this front somewhat difficult.The purpose of the article is to provide a strategic, operational and tactical assessment of the Hejaz front, examining the events before the uprising and the conflicts that took place after the uprising. The literature review method and a qualitative research model were used in this study.
Beyond the Great War Ingram, Norman; Bouchard, Carl
2021, 2022, 2021-12-17
eBook
Following the end of the First World War, a new world order emerged from the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. It was an order riddled with contradictions and problems that were only finally resolved ...after the Second World War.
Beyond the Great War brings together a group of both well-established and younger historians who share a rejection of the dominant view of the peace process that ended the First World War. The book expands beyond the traditional focus on diplomatic and high political history to question the assumption that the Paris Peace Treaties were the progenitors of a new world order. Extending the ongoing debate about the success of the Treaty of Versailles and surrounding events, this collection approaches the heritage of the Great War through a variety of lenses: gender, race, the high politics of diplomacy, the peace movement, provision for veterans, international science, socialism, and the way the war ended. Collectively, contributors argue that the treaties were at best a mitigated success, and that the brave new world of 1919 cannot be separated from the Great War that preceded it.
La encefalitis letárgica de von Economo es un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico de posible origen autoinmunitario, en el cual se afectan los ganglios basales. Esta reacción puede ocurrir luego de una ...infección aguda por diversos agentes virales o bacterianos. Dado que aparece cuando ya se ha resuelto el cuadro agudo, se ha propuesto el mecanismo del mimetismo molecular para explicar la lesión autoinmunitaria. Se han reportado diversos casos a lo largo del tiempo, pero fue con la pandemia de influenza de 1918, conocida como la gripe española, que la encefalitis letárgica alcanzó niveles de epidemia, con casos reportados hasta 1923 en diversos países.La pandemia de la gripe española se extendió a Colombia durante los últimos meses de 1918 y afectó varias ciudades, principalmente Bogotá, donde se reportó el mayor número de enfermos y muertos. Con este trabajo se busca rememorar, cien años después, el ingreso de la gripe española a nuestro país y sus principales complicaciones, entre las que se describieron algunos casos de encefalitis letárgica.
Die Novemberrevolution von 1918/19 erschütterte die Tiefenschichten der politischen und gesellschaftlichen Ordnung der Metropole Hamburg. Diese vielschichtige Transformation wird anhand ausgewählter ...Akteur*innen, Institutionen und Ereignisse mit Beiträgen aus der neueren Revolutions-, Konflikt- und Kriegsforschung sowie aus der Kulturwissenschaft, der Geschichts- und Sozialwissenschaft nachgezeichnet. Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes durchleuchten die Dynamiken des revolutionären Wandels im umfassenden Dispositiv der urbanen Machtverhältnisse in ihren diskursiven Formationen: im Geschlechterverhältnis, in den Klassenverhältnissen, in der Wirtschaft, im Bildungswesen, im Film, in den Utopien und Vorstellungen der Menschen der Zeit. Die Beschreibung der dynamischen Umbrüche schließt die Nachbarstadt Altona und die Region ein und verbindet somit Lokales mit Nationalem und Globalem.
This article discusses the background and diplomatic strategies of the Turkish delegation at Lausanne and their selective understanding of self-determination, excluding non-Turkic and non-Muslim ...people in Anatolia from the ‘self’ that has the right to determine its national existence. It also elaborates on the reasons why the Allies acknowledged this exclusion in the Treaty of Lausanne of 1923. We borrow from Erez Manela's interpretation of the ‘Wilsonian moment’ to frame these diplomatic and political developments and to show how and why the democratic intent of Wilson's idea of self-determination vanished in the framing of the Peace Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.
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