The present study aimed to establish potential indicators of fish farming pollution in muddy substrate, by means of meiofauna, and to test whether the effect of the fish farm is more important to ...determine the meiofauna community than the seasonal environmental conditions. Sampling was performed in spring, after several months of light feeding, and in summer, at high food supply. Samples were collected in three directions at various distances from the floating cages. Harpacticoid copepods and kinorhynchs, whose abundance decreased under the cages, were put forward as indicator taxa. However, harpacticoid copepods were sensitive to fish farm only, while kinorhynchs showed responsiveness to fish farm and to seasonal environmental conditions. Total meiofauna density was dependent on season sensu stricto. The nMDS clearly showed a ‘cage community’ and ‘control community’ in both sampling occasions; therefore it is a good tool for impact assessment.
This paper explores ethnic, cultural and symbolic boundaries in a micro-region within the Mediterranean area of Istria, which is conceptualised as a multicultural, multi-ethnic and multilingual ...region. In scholarly writings and everyday speech, it is seen as a border zone where people construct multiple pure and hybrid identities. In this paper, I intend to explore some of the geographic, historical, political, and anthropological discourses that are present in the fieldwork location of Istria and North East Adriatic Sea as well as address the issue of national land and maritime borders and ethnic boundaries. I will focus on the border issues in the periods of political and ideological changes after World War II and after 1991, in the wake of the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the creation of Slovenia and Croatia as new post-socialist states. Particular focus will be on the issue of international arbitrage on the maritime and land border in 2017.
A new picorna-like or parvo-like virus was found in the hepatopancreas of the shrimpPalaemon elegansfrom the Bay of Piran (Mediterranean Sea). Bay of Piran shrimp virus (BPSV) infects preferably the ...R-cells of the hepatopancreas and to a lesser extent the F-cells. In R-cells it is abundant in the cytoplasm and within membrane whorls. In lesser numbers it can also be present in cell organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, autophagosomes, or mitochondria. Less contrasting virus-like particles are observed in the nucleoplasm, suggesting a nuclear replication of the virus and completion of assembly in the cytoplasm. In F-cells the virus is located mostly in cisternae of the Golgi bodies. Occasionally, there are also virus clusters in the cytoplasm. B-cells are only rarely infected. The virus seems to invade the host cells from the lumen of the hepatopancreatic tubules through the microvillous border. Mature viruses are released again into the hepatopancreatic lumen by discharge of lytic epithelial cells. Individual viruses can also penetrate through the basal cell membrane into the hemal space. Occasionally, fixed phagocytes are attached to the basal lamina of heavily infected hepatopancreas cells, indicating an activation of the immune defense system by the virus.
The hepatopancreata of seven mature females of the shrimp Palaemon elegans from a rock pool in the Bay of Piran, Adriatic Sea, were examined for pathogens. Five of the seven females investigated were ...infected with four different pathogens, two viruses and two bacteria. One specimen was infected with Palaemon B-cell Reo-like Virus (PBRV), one with Bay of Piran Shrimp Virus (BPSV), one with Hepatopancreatic Brush border Lysis-bacteria (HBL), one with rickettsiae and one with both PBRV and rickettsiae. PBRV, BPSV and the HBL-bacteria turned out to be new shrimp pathogens. All of the four pathogens induced agent-specific transformations in the infected hepatopancreas cells. Although the viruses and bacteria had not seriously affected the vitality of the specimens investigated they may cause problems under less favourable nutritional and environmental conditions.
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