Pozadina istraživanja. Bomboni su popularna poslastica diljem svijeta, pa bi bilo od društvene koristi kad bi se mogli pretvoriti u izvor antioksidansa koji bi poništili njihov štetan učinak na ...zdravlje. Čak je i u voćnim bombonima količina dostupnih antioksidansa upitna zbog njihove razgradnje tijekom toplinske obrade i prisutnosti različitih aditiva. Brašnasta banana (Musa paradisiaca) manje je poznata kao bogat izvor antioksidansa s terapijskim učinkom, kao što su L-triptofan, serotonin i melatonin, a konzumacija ovog izuzetno hranjivog voća ograničena je na nerazvijene zemlje i one u razvoju. Stoga je svrha ovog istraživanja bila proizvesti funkcionalni bombon od brašnaste banane bez šećera, obogaćen antioksidansima, sa znatnim udjelom gore navedenih biomolekula koje su u sinergiji, te mu produljiti rok trajanja bez narušavanja njegovih fizikalno-kemijskih svojstava i funkcionalnosti pakiranjem u odgovarajuću ambalažu.
Eksperimentalni pristup. Za ostvarivanje prvog cilja, liofilizirani prah brašnaste banane, sorbitol i manitol korišteni su kao osnovni materijali uz minimalan dodatak aditiva te pri minimalnim uvjetima obrade, da bi se smanjili gubici tijekom obrade. Ispitani su kemijski sastav te senzorska, fizikalno-kemijska i fitokemijska svojstva, uključujući sinergiju spomenutih biomolekula antioksidansa u proizvedenim slatkišima. Za postizanje drugog cilja, bomboni su pakirani u dva različita fleksibilna laminata, a optimalno pakiranje određeno je na osnovu mikrobiološke ispravnosti i senzorske privlačnosti pakiranih slatkiša. Nakon toga su svojstva bombona pakiranih u optimalnom laminatu ispitana u redovitim vremenskim intervalima tijekom skladištenja za procjenu njihovog roka trajanja.
Rezultati i zaključci. Bombon je imao karakterističan okus brašnaste banane, ujednačenu tamnosmeđu boju, bogat okus, ugodnu aromu, umjerenu tvrdoću i slatkoću, uz izraženu antioksidacijsku aktivnost i značajan udjel L-triptofana, serotonina i melatonina (u sinergijskom konzorciju). Bomboni su bili mikrobiološki ispravni tijekom 56 dana pri sobnoj temperaturi, te su zadržali senzorske značajke, antioksidacijski učinak i sinergiju biomolekula, u usporedbi s kontrolnim uzorkom.
Novina i znanstveni doprinos. Ovaj novorazvijeni polutvrdi bombon bez šećera s velikim udjelom antioksidansa, koji sadržava tri važna antioksidansa, a to su L-triptofan, serotonin i melatonin, mogao bi biti dobar izvor terapijskih biomolekula te zamjena za komercijalne bombone koji se konzumiraju diljem svijeta.
Free-radical polymerization inside mesoporous silica has been investigated in order to open a route to functional polymer−silica composite materials with well-defined mesoporosity. Various vinyl ...monomers, such as styrene, chloromethyl styrene, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid, were polymerized after impregnation into mesoporous silicas with various structures, which were synthesized using polyalkylene oxide-type block copolymers. The location of the polymers was systematically controlled with detailed structures of the silica framework and the polymerization conditions. Particularly noteworthy is the polymer−silica composite structure obtained by in situ polymerization after the selective adsorption of monomers as a uniform film on silica walls. The analysis of XRD data and the N2 adsorption isotherms indicates the formation of uniform polymer nanocoating. The resultant polymer−silica composite materials can easily be post-functionalized to incorporate diverse functional groups in high density, due to the open porous structure allowing facile access for the chemical reagent. The fundamental characteristics of the composite materials are substantiated by testing the biomolecule's adsorption capacity and catalytic reactivity. Depending on the structure and composition of polymers, the resultant polymer−silica composite materials exhibit notably distinct adsorption properties toward biomolecules, such as proteins. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the nanocoatings of polymers deposited on the mesopore walls have remarkably enhanced catalytic activity and selectivity, as compared to that of bulk polymer resins. We believe that, due to facile functionalization and attractive textural properties, the mesoporous polymer−silica composite materials are very useful for applications, such as adsorption, separation, host−guest complexes, and catalysis.
The mesoporous silica have been considered fascinating materials for many techonological applications due to their porous and morphological characteristics. This review focuses on their use as ...stationary phases for liquid chromatography, supports for immobilizing biomolecules, catalysts, agent for polymer reinforcement and hard templates for the preparation of mesoporous carbons.
Ionic Surfactants and Aqueous Solutions: Biomolecules, Metals and Nanoparticles covers a wide range of subjects related to aqueous systems, from reverse micelles as ion exchangers to the study of ...micellar phase transfer catalysis for nucleophilic substitution reactions. The diverse background, expertise and professional interests of the contributors to this book give to it a unique richness of approach in topics of relevance for biotechnology and environmental studies. Over sixty publications presenting research results are combined and expanded in this book by some of the original researchers. At a mature age, and at the summit of successful professional careers, they have taken a second look to the state of the art in the fields that they had pioneered. Eva Rodil and Ana Soto, who had their research formation in the group of Professor Alberto Arce at Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain, are presently professors at that university, Maen Husein is a professor at University of Calgary, Canada. Remy Dumortier, Mohammad Khoshkbarchi, Hamid Rabie and Younok Dumortier Shin, are presently active leaders in the industrial world in Canada and the USA. The editors are retired academics from McGill University, Montreal, Canada, and coauthors of the book Classical Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems.
The separation of racemic compounds is important in many fields, such as pharmacology and biology. Taking advantage of the intrinsically strong chiral environment and specific interactions featured ...by biomolecules, here we contribute a general strategy is developed to enrich chirality into covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by covalently immobilizing a series of biomolecules (amino acids, peptides, enzymes) into achiral COFs. Inheriting the strong chirality and specific interactions from the immobilized biomolecules, the afforded biomolecules⊂COFs serve as versatile and highly efficient chiral stationary phases towards various racemates in both normal and reverse phase of high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The different interactions between enzyme secondary structure and racemates were revealed by surface‐enhanced Raman scattering studies, accounting for the observed chiral separation capacity of enzymes⊂COFs.
Chirale COFs: Eine allgemeine und effiziente Strategie zur Einführung von Chiralität in kovalente organische Gerüststrukturen (COFs) beruht auf der kovalenten Immobilisierung von Biomolekülen in achiralen COFs. Die Biomolekül⊂COF‐Konstrukte bieten sich als chirale stationäre Phasen für die effiziente Enantiomerentrennung in Racematen ab.
Soft and deformable liquid metals (LMs) are building components in various systems related to uncertain and dynamic task environments. Herein we describe the development of a biomolecule‐triggered ...external‐manipulation method involving LM conjugates for the construction of future innovative soft robotics operating in physiological environments. Functional soft hybrids composed of a liquid‐metal droplet, a thiolated ligand, and proteins were synthesized for the expression of diverse macroscopic commands, such as attachment to cells, binary fusion, and self‐propelled movement through molecular recognition and enzymatic reactions. Our technology could be used to create new state‐of‐the‐art soft robots for chemical and biomedical engineering applications.
Tropfenroboter: Mit Biomolekülen funktionalisierte Flüssigmetall(LM)‐Tropfen (siehe Bild) führen makroskopische Operationen auf der Basis molekularer Erkennung aus, z. B. durch die Bildung des Biotin‐Avidin‐Komplexes. Blasenbildung auf der Oberfläche enzymmodifizierter LM‐Konjugate ermöglicht außerdem selbstangetriebene dynamische Bewegungen, was zu effizienten weichen LM‐Robotern für den Betrieb unter physiologischen Bedingungen führen könnte.
Klebrige Nanofasergerüste auf der Grundlage adhäsiver Muschelproteine (MAPs) können mit vielfältigen Biomolekülen funktionalisiert werden. In ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 699 ff. berichten H. J. Cha und ...Mitarbeiter über das Adhäsionsverhalten und die chemischen Eigenschaften von MAPs, die eine Funktionalisierung ohne Oberflächenmodifizierung begünstigen. Die Nanofasern bilden eine vielversprechende Plattform für die Gewebezüchtung.
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