The COVID-19 pandemic had a massive impact on healthcare systems, increasing the risks of psychological distress in health professionals. Burnout is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and ...interpersonal stressors on the job and is defined by the three dimensions of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and personal inefficacy.
A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to assess the burnout and resilience among frontline nurses in the emergency department of a tertiary care center in North India during COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 120 frontline nurses working in the emergency department, selected by a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.
The nurses in the emergency during pandemic experienced a moderate-to-severe level of burnout in emotional exhaustion (29.13 ± 10.30) and depersonalization (12.90 ± 4.67) but mild-to-moderate level of burnout in reduced personal accomplishment (37.68 ± 5.17) and showed a moderate to a high level of resilience (77.77 ± 12.41). The two metrics of burnout
., emotional exhaustion and personal inefficacy had a significantly negative correlation with resilience among the frontline nurses in the emergency (
= 0.25,
< 0.05 and
= 0.31,
< 0.01, respectively). A significant negative correlation has been identified between burnout and resilience that informs the role of resilience in alleviating burnout during this pandemic.
Effective interventions for improving resilience are needed to relieve nurses' burnout and workplace stressors. Also, the administration should ensure a healthy workplace and adopt a positive attitude and harmonious relationship with the frontline workers in the mitigation of the pandemic.
Jose S, Dhandapani M, Cyriac MC. Burnout and Resilience among Frontline Nurses during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study in the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center, North India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(11):1081-1088.
O objetivo geral do presente trabalho é verificar se, e em que medida, a renda básica universal pode servir como instrumento para retomada do desenvolvimento econômico nacional. Para tanto, serão ...abordados os seguintes temas: (i) conceito do termo renda básica universal; (ii) nuances da Lei n.º 10.385/2004; e (iii) impacto econômico de medidas correlatas, quais sejam o auxílio emergencial e o auxílio emergencial residual, implantadas no Brasil durante a Pandemia da Covid-19. Concluiu-se que a renda básica de cidadania, já prevista em lei, não se apresenta somente como um instrumento apto a fomentar o desenvolvimento econômico no período pós-pandemia, mas também apto a diminuir o flagrante cenário de desigualdade social, garantindo liberdade real aos beneficiados. Quanto à metodologia, a natureza da investigação retratou pesquisa pura, qualitativa, descritiva e via método de abordagem indutivo.
This article addresses the many complex and traumatic losses wrought by the COVID‐19 pandemic. In contrast to individually based, symptom‐focused grief work, a resilience‐oriented, systemic approach ...with complex losses contextualizes the distress and mobilizes relational resources to support positive adaptation. Applying a family resilience framework to pandemic‐related losses, discussion focuses on the importance of shared belief systems in (1) meaning‐making processes; (2) a positive, hopeful outlook and active agency; and (3) transcendent values and spiritual moorings for inspiration, transformation, and positive growth. Practice guidelines are offered to facilitate adaptation and resilience.
ResumenEn este artículo se abordan las numerosas pérdidas complejas y traumáticas ocasionadas por la pandemia de la COVID‐19. A diferencia de un trabajo de duelo individual centrado en los síntomas, un método sistémico orientado a la resiliencia con pérdidas complejas contextualiza el distrés y moviliza los recursos relacionales para fomentar la adaptación positiva. Mediante la aplicación de un marco de resiliencia familiar a las pérdidas relacionadas con la pandemia, el debate se centra en la importancia de los sistemas de creencias compartidas en (1) los procesos de creación de significado; (2) una actitud positiva y optimista y una intervención activa; y (3) los valores trascendentes y la estabilidad espiritual para la inspiración, la transformación y el crecimiento positivo. Se ofrecen pautas prácticas para facilitar la adaptación y la resiliencia.
摘要本文论述了COVID‐19疫情造成的许多比以往更复杂的痛失亲友和创伤性的损失。与以个人为基础、以症状为中心的悲伤主题研究不同，以复原力为导向的系统研究方法，面对更复杂的失去，将痛苦置于情境中，并调动相关资源来支持积极的适应。将家庭弹性框架应用于疫情相关的痛失亲友，讨论集中在(1)意义形成过程中共享信念体系的重要性; (2)积极乐观的心态和积极的能动能力; (3)超然的价值观和精神寄托，以获得灵感、转变和积极成长。本研究也提供了实践指南以实现促进适应变化的能力和耐挫力。
The closure of educational activities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an unplanned shift from traditional learning to a setup that exclusively involves ...digital teaching and learning. Within this context, the present study aimed to explore undergraduate medical students' perceptions regarding the effectiveness of synchronized online learning at Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
A qualitative study was conducted using virtual focus group discussions synchronously with the help of a discussion guide consisting of seven open-ended questions. Overall, 60 medical students were recruited using a maximum variation sampling technique; these students then participated in eight focus group discussions. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed for thematic contents using the standard (Mayring, Kiger. M. E. and Braun.V) content analysis framework.
A thematic content analysis yielded four core themes: (1) educational impact, (2) time management, (3) challenges encountered, and (4) preferences for the future. The online modality was well-received, and all participants agreed that online sessions were time saving and that their performance was improved due to enhanced utility of time; however, they indicated that they encountered some challenges, including methodological, content perception, technical, and behavioral challenges during sessions and online exams. Most of the preclinical students preferred online learning for the upcoming academic years.
Synchronized online classes were well-accepted by the medical students. This represents significant and promising potential for the future of medical education. The principles of the online learning model and learning outcomes should be rigorously and regularly evaluated to monitor its effectiveness.
This comprehensive scholarly book on comparative federalism and the Covid-19 pandemic is written by some of the world’s leading federal scholars and national experts.
The Covid-19 pandemic presented ...an unprecedented emergency for countries worldwide, including all those with a federal or hybrid-federal system of government, which account for more than 40 per cent of the world’s population. With case studies from 19 federal countries, this book explores the core elements of federalism that came to the fore in combatting the pandemic: the division of responsibilities (disaster management, health care, social welfare, and education), the need for centralisation, and intergovernmental relations and cooperation. As the pandemic struck federal countries at roughly the same time, it provided a unique opportunity for comparative research on the question of how the various federal systems responded. The authors adopt a multidisciplinary approach to question whether federalism has been a help or a hindrance in tackling the pandemic. The value of the book lies in understanding how the Covid-19 pandemic affected federal dynamics and how it may have changed them, as well as providing useful lessons for how to combat such pandemics in federal countries in the future.
This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of politics and international relations, comparative federalism, health care, and disaster management.
Federalism and the Response to COVID-19 Rupak Chattopadhyay, Felix Knüpling, Diana Chebenova, Liam Whittington, Phillip Gonzalez / Rupak Chattopadhyay, Felix Knüpling, Diana Chebenova, Liam Whittington, Phillip Gonzalez
2021, 2022, 20211129, 2021-11-29
eBook
Odprti dostop
The COVID-19 pandemic bared the inadequacies in existing structures of public health and governance in most countries. This book provides a comparative analysis of policy approaches and planning ...adopted by federal governments across the globe to battle and adequately respond to the health emergency as well as the socio-economic fallouts of the pandemic. With twenty-four case studies from across the globe, the book critically analyzes responses to the public health crisis, its fiscal impact and management, as well as decision-making and collaboration between different levels of government of countries worldwide. It explores measures taken to contain the pandemic and to responsibly regulate and manage the health, socio-economic welfare, employment, and education of its people. The authors highlight the deficiencies in planning, tensions between state and local governments, politicization of the crisis, and the challenges of generating political consensus. They also examine effective approaches used to foster greater cooperation and learning for multi-level, polycentric innovation in pandemic governance. One of the first books on federalism and approaches to the COVID-19 pandemic, this volume is an indispensable reference for scholars and researchers of comparative federalism, comparative politics, development studies, political science, public policy and governance, health and wellbeing, and political sociology.
EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. This book examines the unique implications of the pandemic in the Global South. With international contributors from a variety of ...disciplines, it investigates the pandemic’s effects on development, medicine, gender (in)equality and human rights among other issues. The book’s assessment offers a discourse on the ways in which the impact of COVID-19 can be mitigated in some of the most challenging socio-economic contexts in the world.
Background:
The rise in trends of self-medication, particularly among medical students without being aware of its consequences, especially during the COVID pandemic, has raised a major concern. ...Self-medication may lead to unintended consequences, such as adverse events, unnecessary expenses, delay in attending professional evaluation, masking of symptoms, and drug interactions.
Aims and Objectives:
The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence, practice, and pattern of self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic among medical students.
Materials and Methods:
In October 2022, a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted using a validated, pretested questionnaire. Information regarding the demographic details, symptoms that led to self-medication, various drugs used, source of drug information, drug used/drug groups used, and reasons for self-medication during COVID-19 were all described in terms of frequency and percentage.
Results:
In the present study, 80% of the students practiced self-medication. Fever and headache were the most common symptoms for which self-medication was taken. Paracetamol and azithromycin were the most common drugs used for self-medication. Forty-four percent of the students used medical formulas from the previous consultation as the source of drug information, and 16% from the Internet. About 85% of students obtained the drug from a pharmacy. Thirty-two percent of the students self-medicated because they had symptoms of COVID-19 and 29% as a preventive measure.
Conclusion:
Self-medication was widely practiced by medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to educate medical students through various measures about the rational use of self-medication.
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