Based on protection motivation theory (PMT), this study conceptualizes a research framework to explain and examine customer intentions regarding hotel stays during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were ...collected from 700 U.S. consumers via a crowdsourcing website in July 2020. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the collected data for testing proposed hypotheses. The analytical results showed that the level of threat perceived by customers significantly reduced their intention to stay at a hotel. On the contrary, individual customer response efficacy significantly enhanced their intention to stay at a hotel. Additionally, both government and social trust, as well as hotel response efficacy, were found to significantly increase hotel stay intention by mediating the effects of threat perception and individual response efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, this study is one of the first attempts to apply PMT to explain customer hotel stay intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
•This study uses Protection Motivation Theory to explain hotel stay intention.•Customers’ perceived threats significantly reduced their intention for hotel stay.•Customers’ individual response efficacy enhanced their hotel stay intention.•Government and social trust significantly mediated the proposed model.•Hotel response efficacy significantly mediated the proposed model.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the experiences of mothers giving birth with regard to family support and the assistance of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A ...descriptive phenomenological approach was employed for this research, following the framework standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR). Thirteen individuals participated in the study, comprising seven mothers giving birth, three husbands, two midwives, and one parent. The research was conducted at the Mlati II Health Center in Sleman Regency, specifically in Cabakan Hamlet, Sumberadi, Kec. Mlati, Kab. Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, during January-February 2022. The choice of location was based on specific criteria set by the researchers. Data collection took place online due to practical reasons, with informants being contacted to choose between online or offline interviews. Purposive sampling was used for informant selection, and in-depth interviews lasting approximately one hour each were conducted via WhatsApp, Zoom, or phone calls, with prior agreement from the informants. The interviews followed a semi-structured format. Results: Two main themes emerged from the data analysis: the emotional experiences of mothers during labor and their various needs. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact, leading to feelings of anxiety, fear, tension, and the need for comfort and confidence. These psychological needs were categorized into verbal support, including encouragement, communication, and reassurance, as well as tactile support, involving gestures such as stroking, holding, and back rubs. Mothers also expressed spiritual needs, such as prayer and maintaining positive thoughts for a smooth delivery and the health of the baby. Nutritional needs, encompassing healthy and balanced eating, were identified as essential during childbirth. Support from husbands, family members, and health workers played a crucial role in reassuring mothers and educating them about COVID-19 prevention, contributing to a positive birthing experience. Conclusion: The provision of positive support during childbirth can facilitate a normal delivery and instill confidence in mothers. Keywords: childbirth, covid-19 pandemic, experience, maternity, support. Abstrak Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengalaman ibu bersalin mengenai dukungan keluarga dan tenaga kesehatan selama pandemi covid-19. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif sehingga untuk melengkapi pelaporan menggunakan framework standards for reporting qualitative research a synthesis of recommendations (SRQR). Jumlah informan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 13 orang, yang terdiri dari 7 ibu bersalin, 3 suami, 2 bidan dan 1 orang tua. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Mlati II di Kabupaten Sleman, di Dusun Cabakan, Sumberadi, Kec. Mlati, Kab. Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Februari 2022, alasan pemilihan tempat ini adalah berdasarkan kriteria peneliti. Metode dalam penelitian dilakukan secara online. Peneliti memiliki beberapa alasan praktis untuk mengumpulkan data secara online. Peneliti menghubungi informan untuk menanyakan apakah bersedia di wawanacara secara online atau offline. Rekruitmen informan pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Peneliti melakukan indepth interview dengan informan secara online melalui media whatsapp, zoom dan telepon seluler kurang lebih satu jam tiap individu dengan perjanjian terlebih dahulu dengan informan.Wawancara yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini semi structure. Hasil: Didapatkan 2 tema yaitu tanda-tanda persalinan dan kebutuhan ibu bersalin. Dampak pandemi covid-19 membuat ibu merasa was-was atau kekhawatiran, takut dan cemas, tegang, berusaha nyaman, berusaha tenang dan rasa percaya diri. Kebutuhan psikologis ini terbagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu dukungan secara verbal dan dukungan secara sentuhan. Dukungan secara verbal seperti menyemangati, di ajak ngobrol, memberikan dukungan, mendampingi, ramah, komunasi, percaya diri, siaga, pelayanan bagus, harus kuat, menyayangi dan perhatian. Dukungan secara sentuhan seperti di elus-elus, mengusap keringat, pegang kepala, menggosok-gosok punggung dan menggosok perut.Kebutuhan spiritual yang didapatkan ibu selama proses persalinan yaitu zikir, berdoa, dan selali berpikir positif agar persalinan lancar dan bayi sehat. Kebutuhan nutrisi ibu bersalin seperti makan-makanan yang sehat, makanan bergizi seimbang, minum air putih untuk tenaga mengejan. Dukungan yang diberikan oleh suami, keluarga dan tenaga kesehatan membuat ibu merasa tenang dan mendapatkan edukasi terhadap penyebaran covid-19 agar mendapatkan persalinan yang positif. Kesimpulan: Dukungan yang positif akan memberikan persalinan normal dan ibu percaya diri. Kata kunci: dukungan, ibu bersalin, pandemi covid-19, pengalaman, persalinan.
Post Covid-19 conditions still leave trauma for some people, especially those who have experienced pain and even loss of family members. The ability to deal with trauma is the ability to adapt to ...conditions. The aim of this study was to find out how optimism and altruism influence post-pandemic religious coping. The subjects of this study amounted to 820 men and women, aged 23-58 years old. The brief RCOPE, LOT-R and the altruism scale are instruments to find out the level of religious coping, optimism and altruism respectively. Based on the parametric-statistical analysis with product moment correlation from Pearson, there was a correlation between optimism and religious coping and there was also a correlation between altruism and religious coping. Based on multiple regression analysis, this study showed that both variables can simultaneously be predictors of religious coping.
This paper provides new evidence on the role of city planning, urban form, and built environment characteristics in health and well-being during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Based on ...survey and geographic information systems (GIS) data from Oslo and Viken in Norway, the paper investigates changes in health and well-being due to COVID-19 and how the compact city and its characteristics relate to these changes. Findings indicate that self-reported measures of health and well-being worsened due to COVID-19. The most substantial changes were reported for life satisfaction, anxiety, and satisfaction with leisure, personal relationships, and vacations. General health, happiness, and satisfaction with income also declined during COVID-19 in comparison with pre-COVID-19 times. Overall, residents of compact neighborhoods reported lower well-being during COVID-19 compared to residents of lower-density neighborhoods. Important compact city characteristics – higher neighborhood density, reliance on public transport, smaller dwellings, and less green space – were negatively associated with well-being and health outcomes during COVID-19. In contrast, another compact city attribute, the presence of numerous local facilities, was positively linked to well-being and health during COVID-19. Based on these findings, the paper presents possible implications for sustainable urban planning and compact cities.
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•New evidence on compact urban environments and health/well-being under COVID-19•High density linked to lower life satisfaction and happiness during COVID-19•Small dwellings linked to lower life satisfaction and happiness during COVID-19•Public transport reliance linked to an increase in anxiety during COVID-19•Access to local facilities linked to better health and well-being during COVID-19
The purpose of this article is to present the project Holocaust Emotion Cards, which was created as part of the course Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Holocaust Memory, run by Western Galilee ...College. In the first part of the presentation, we will present the assumptions and concepts of the project, as well as the process of creating the cards. In the second part, we will discuss the cards themselves and the way to use them in educational work.
Motivated by the lack of research on price efficiency dynamics of green bonds and the impact of the COVID-19 on the pricing of fixed-income securities, this study investigates the comparative ...efficiency of green and conventional bond markets pre- and during the COVID-19 pandemic applying asymmetric multifractal analysis. Specifically, the multifractal scaling behaviour is examined separately during upward and downward trends in bond markets using the asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (A-MF-DFA) approach. The empirical findings confirm the presence of asymmetric multifractality in the green and traditional bond markets. Not surprisingly, inefficiency in both bond markets significantly escalated during the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, our results indicate a higher level of efficiency of the conventional bond market over the full sample period. However, the green bond market is more efficient during a black swan event, such as the COVID-19 global pandemic, showing the potential of green bonds to become an effective diversifier for investors in traditional assets in times of extreme market turmoil. The results of the study can have important implications for investors and policymakers.
•Comparative efficiency of green and conventional bonds pre- and during COVID-19.•Asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis method is applied.•Inefficiency in both bond markets significantly escalated during the COVID-19.•Higher efficiency of the conventional bond market is observed pre-COVID-19.•The green bond market is more efficient during the COVID-19 global pandemic.
•Loneliness during and after the state of emergency for the pandemic in spain were analyzed.•5.9% of participants reported a stable loneliness course with high levels of loneliness.•51.5% reported a ...decreasing course with moderate levels of loneliness.•The main risk factors for loneliness were young age and pre-pandemic mental disorders.•Loneliness courses were related to severity and variability of depression and anxiety.
The present study aims to investigate the courses of loneliness following a national state of emergency including a curfew due to a rise in COVID-19 cases, associated risk factors, and the effect of loneliness on symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Data of 2,000 adults in Spain which were interviewed by telephone at the first follow-up of the MINDCOVID project (February–March 2021) and of whom 953 were interviewed nine months later (November-December 2021) were analyzed. Group-based trajectories and mixed models were constructed.
Three courses of loneliness were detected: (1) invariant low loneliness (42.6%), (2) decreasing medium loneliness (51.5%), and (3) fairly invariant high loneliness (5.9%). Loneliness courses were associated with the severity and variability of symptoms of depression and anxiety. In contrast to the majority of pre-pandemic studies, younger adults more frequently reported loneliness compared to middle-aged and, particularly, older individuals. Other risk factors for loneliness were being female, being unmarried, and, notably, having pre-pandemic mental disorders.
Future studies should validate whether the newly observed loneliness patterns across age groups persist and assess the evolution of loneliness courses and their impact on mental health, with particular attention given to young adults and individuals with pre-existing mental disorders.
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