Cannabis Clarke, Robert; Merlin, Mark
2013., 20130901, 2013, 2013-09-01
eBook
Cannabis: Evolution and Ethnobotany is a comprehensive, interdisciplinary exploration of the natural origins and early evolution of this famous plant, highlighting its historic role in the ...development of human societies. Cannabis has long been prized for the strong and durable fiber in its stalks, its edible and oil-rich seeds, and the psychoactive and medicinal compounds produced by its female flowers. The culturally valuable and often irreplaceable goods derived from cannabis deeply influenced the commercial, medical, ritual, and religious practices of cultures throughout the ages, and human desire for these commodities directed the evolution of the plant toward its contemporary varieties. As interest in cannabis grows and public debate over its many uses rises, this book will help us understand why humanity continues to rely on this plant and adapts it to suit our needs.
Health is a human right. In order to guarantee that right, it is fundamental that all activities concerning health in different contexts (clinical, research, teaching) contribute to the construction ...of an efficient system that promotes excellence, equity, justice, and solidarity. In this issue, we take on alternatives regarding the use of medical cannabis from this perspective. Health research and its contribution to knowledge — in particular with respect to the development of new pharmaceuticals — represents not only a challenge related to technology and production, but also an opportunity for ensuring the autonomy of the health system.
Remedicalizing Cannabis discovers the historical ins and outs of cannabis as a botanical product with medical applications. Addressing questions about patient access, the effectiveness of ...international drug control systems, and the role of expert advice, it reveals how we have arrived at the current classification of cannabis as a medical product.
High time Potter, Andrew; Weinstock, Daniel M
High time,
2019., 2019, 2019-03-04
eBook
"Canada will become the first G7 country to legalize cannabis, and the world is watching. The primary concern facing the Liberal government as it seeks to fulfill its 2015 campaign promise to ..."legalize, regulate, and restrict access to marijuana" is whether it can be done without making the situation worse. As the Liberal platform pointed out, the current regime lets illegal cannabis fall into the hands of minors, pours large profits into organized crime, and traps many people in the criminal justice system for what is arguably a victimless crime. While the legalization of marijuana in Canada begins with a straightforward change of the criminal code, its ramifications go far beyond this. Legalization will have a serious impact on the country's international treaty commitments, interprovincial relations, taxation and regulatory regimes, and social and health policies. The essays in this book address these outcomes from three main perspectives: the decades-long political path to legalization; the assumptions that underwrite the new policy, in particular the desire to stamp out the black market; and how legalization in Canada looks from an international perspective. Bringing together analysis by policy makers and scholars, including architects of marijuana legislation in Uruguay and Portugal--two trailblazing jurisdictions--High Time provides an urgent and necessary overview of Canada's Cannabis Act."--
ZusammenfassungHintergrundKinder und Jugendliche, die aus ihren Heimatländern alleine nach Deutschland einreisen, erfahren mit ihrer Ankunft eine qualifizierte Unterstützung durch die Jugendhilfe. ...Zugleich tritt mit der Zeit eine Vielzahl an erlebten Belastungen hervor, die mit psychischen und somatischen Auffälligkeiten einhergehen. Ob sich belastenden Erlebnisse der unbegleiteten Minderjährigen in einen Substanzkonsum niederschlagen, ist bislang weitgehend unbekannt.FragestellungZiel der Studie war es, Erkenntnisse zum Ausmaß und zur Art des Substanzkonsums bei unbegleiteten minderjährigen Ausländern (UMA) in Deutschland zu gewinnen und mögliche Schwierigkeiten der Jugendhilfe im Umgang mit konsumierenden UMA zu explorieren.MethodenAus dem Jugendamt, der Betreuung von unbegleiteten minderjährigen Ausländern und der Jugendsuchthilfe wurden 35 Fachkräfte auf Basis eines Leitfadens persönlich interviewt. Die Interviews fanden in den Landeshauptstädten der Bundesländer Bayern, Hessen und Hamburg statt, da sich in 2016 ein Großteil der UMA in Obhut der Jugendhilfe in diesen Bundesländern befand.Ergebnisse und DiskussionDer Konsum von Alkohol und Cannabis wird in der Regel erst in Deutschland begonnen und fungiert häufig als Selbstmedikation zum Coping von psychischem Stress. Von den Befragten wurde das Ausmaß des Konsums minderjähriger Geflüchteter in ländlichen Gebieten als sehr gering eingeschätzt, in Metropolen mit 15–25 % beziffert. Da eine Zunahme substanzkonsumierender Geflüchteter erwartet wird, sind die Jugend- und die Suchthilfe gefordert, Angebote zur Gesundheitsförderung für diese Gruppe weiterzuentwickeln.
The sale of cannabis for adult recreational use has been made legal in nine US states since 2012, and nationally in Uruguay in 2013 and Canada in 2018. We review US research on the effects of ...legalization on cannabis use among adults and adolescents and on cannabis‐related harms; the impact of legalizing adult recreational use on cannabis price, availability, potency and use; and regulatory policies that may increase or limit adverse effects of legalization. The legalization of recreational cannabis use in the US has substantially reduced the price of cannabis, increased its potency, and made cannabis more available to adult users. It appears to have increased the frequency of cannabis use among adults, but not so far among youth. It has also increased emergency department attendances and hospitalizations for some cannabis‐related harms. The relatively modest effects on cannabis use to date probably reflect restrictions on the number and locations of retail cannabis outlets and the constraints on commercialization under a continued federal prohibition of cannabis. Future evaluations of legalization should monitor: cannabis sales volumes, prices and content of tetrahydrocannabinol; prevalence and frequency of cannabis use among adolescents and adults in household and high school surveys; car crash fatalities and injuries involving drivers who are cannabis‐impaired; emergency department presentations related to cannabis; the demand for treatment of cannabis use disorders; and the prevalence of regular cannabis use among vulnerable young people in mental health services, schools and the criminal justice system. Governments that propose to legalize and regulate cannabis use need to fund research to monitor the impacts of these policy changes on public health, and take advantage of this research to develop ways of regulating cannabis use that minimize adverse effects on public health.
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