The silver coinage of Celtic tribes settled in northern Italy (IV–I century B.C.) is a topic characterized by several issues, such as chronology, attributions and relationships between emissions ...produced in different periods. In order to provide numismatists with new data, several specimens, belonging to different typologies, have been analysed with neutron diffraction technique to overcome surface alteration and to provide bulky compositional and structural information of the coins. Measurements performed with the INES diffractometer at the ISIS facility provided essential data for numismatics research. A clear silver debasement occurring between the first and latter emissions has been traced, due to inflation processes which can be related with the increasing power of Roman Republic in the Cisalpine region. Moreover, compositional data enabled for the first time to identify internal evolutions inside typologies defined by numismatists. The silver loss has also been used to establish a relative chronology between different emissions. Other parameters such as texture index, residual strains and grain dimensions have been useful to understand technical aspects of minting procedures during Iron Age.
•A strong silver debasement was detected among different emission of Celtic coins from northern Italy (IV–II century B.C.).•Neutron diffraction technique has been used to obtain both compositional and microstructural data.•Calibration curves relating lattice parameter and phase composition were developed to calculate the elemental composition.
In 2017, two Roman bridges over the Drava river were discovered in the municipality of Rosegg (Rožek)/Emmersdorf in Carinthia (Austria). Although the existence of a bridge had been known for a long ...time it could only be identified as definitely Roman after further investigations. In addition, parts of Roman grave monuments and small finds, especially Celtic and Roman coins, have been found at the site within several years.The coin finds are particularly important as witness for the passage and use of the bridges, as they not only provide a chronological framework for the crossing of the Drava river at this point, but they also offer cultural and socio-historical information. According to this, the coins found in the area of the ancient bridges can be interpreted as sacrifices for a safe river crossing. This custom began as early as the late Latène period and was maintained until late Roman times.
The recognition and clustering of coins which have been struck by the same die is of interest for archeological studies. Nowadays, this work can only be performed by experts and is very tedious. In ...this paper, we propose a method to automatically cluster dies, based on 3D scans of coins. It is based on three steps: registration, comparison and graph-based clustering. Experimental results on 90 coins coming from a Celtic treasury from the II-Ith century BC show a clustering quality equivalent to expert’s work.
Attempts were made in several locations in Central Europe to continue minting in gold, following the Celtic Boii tradition which began to fade after the collapse of the Bohemian-Moravian oppida at ...the turn of the LTD1/D2 phases (ca. 60/50 BC). The main center for the continuation of this activity was in the lands of the Pannonian Boii, in the Bratislava area, and probably in the Bratislava oppidum itself. This paper focuses on three other minting centers which were established north of the Carpathians and Sudetes among the northern barbarians and which imitated late Boii gold coins: one in the Tyniec group near Kraków, and two in the main Przeworsk culture settlement zones on the middle Prosna River near Kalisz and in Kuyavia. These northern mints, undoubtedly operated by experienced Celtic minters, recycled extremely popular shell staters with solar and lunar motifs that were reintroduced into circulation with a renewed stamp or after having been legalized by adding small additional marks. They also issued various small coins made of electrum alloys, significantly varying in weight (mostly about 1/8 of a Boii stater), with an abstract knob-and-rib ornamentation reminiscent of the motifs featuring on the youngest coins minted at the oppidums in Staré Hradisko (Moravia) and Bratislava.
The nominally gold coins issued in the Oder and Vistula basins must have provided the equivalent in supra-regional prestige exchange, which is indicated by their extensive circulation zone. One of the reasons for the disappearance of the local minting traditions among the northern barbarian elites might have been the massive influx of Roman coinage into the Central European
in the second century AD.
Analysis of metals with luster: Roman brass and silver Fajfar, H.; Rupnik, Z.; Šmit, Ž.
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms,
11/2015, Letnik:
362
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Non-destructive PIXE analysis using in-air proton beam was used for the studies of earliest brass coins issued during the 1st century BC by Greek cities in Asia Minor, Romans and Celts, and for the ...studies of plated low grade silver coins of the 3rd century AD. The analysis determined the levels of zinc and important trace elements, notably selenium, which confirms spread of selenium-marked copper from the east. For plating, combined tinning and silvering was identified by the mapping technique for the mid 3rd century AD, which evolved into mere plating by 270 AD.
The hoard of Celtic coins found in Podmokly (Rokycany district, west Bohemia) in 1771 is extraordinary by its scope and content, and it attracted intensive attention of many numismatists in the past. ...The story was also transformed into a nonfiction book. The author of this article brings to light a new unpublished record from the memorial book of the Roman-Catholic parish in Zvíkovec, where the location of Podmokly used to belong to. This report was cited by the local priest Václav Krolmus (1790–1861) in his chronicle together with comparison of prices of some selected agricultural products. The limited information about the finding context of the hoard in the known sources is compared with this newly published report.
Made for Trade Talbot, John
2017, 20171214, 2017-10-13, 2017-12-14
eBook
The Late Iron Age coinage of England has long been recognized as an invaluable potential source of information about pre-Roman Britain, although its purpose has been much debated and never clearly ...established. Most research using this source material has been either detailed numismatic studies, which seek to categorize and tabulate the types of coin and order them chronologically based on stylistic change, or more general attempts to draw out meaning from the imagery or inscriptions on the coins. In Made for Trade, John Talbot presents the findings of a decade-long investigation that has challenged many preconceptions about the period. The coinage of the Iceni in East Anglia was used as the raw material with a view to establishing its original purpose and what it can tell us about society and the use of coinage in the Late Iron Age of this region. A die-study was performed on every known example – over 10,000 – coins. Each coin was created by a metal pellet being struck by two dies, and the die-study sought to identify the dies used in each of the 20,000 strikes. Because dies wear, change and are replaced, this enabled definitive chronologies to be constructed and the underlying organization of the coinage to be fully appreciated for the first time. It is believed to be one of the largest such studies ever attempted and the first of this scale for British Iron Age coinage. Talbot further explores production, weight and metal content as the coinage evolved, the use of imagery and inscriptions, and patterns of hoarding. These various threads demonstrate that the coinage was economic in nature and reflected development of a more sophisticated monetary society than had previously been thought possible, contradicting many previous assumptions.
Cunobelin, Shakespeare's Cymbeline, ruled much of south-east Britain in the years before Claudius' legions arrived, creating the Roman province of Britannia. But what do we know of him and his rule, ...and that of competing dynasties in south-east Britain? This book examines the background to these, the first individuals in British history. It explores the way in which rulers bolstered their power through the use of imagery on coins, myths, language and material culture. After the visit of Caesar in 55 and 54 BC, the shadow of Rome played a fundamental role in this process. Combining the archaeological, literary and numismatic evidence, John Creighton paints a vivid picture of how people in late Iron Age Britain reacted to the changing world around them.
Les monnayages celtiques des peuples turon et carnute n’ont jamais fait l’objet d’une synthèse approfondie, c’est pourquoi nous en avons fait notre sujet d’étude. Notre propos porte sur la ...monétarisation et le développement de la monnaie dans la Loire moyenne. Cette zone est fondamentale pour la compréhension du fonctionnement des systèmes d’échanges en Gaule mais aussi entre la Méditerranée et le nord de l’Europe à La Tène finale. Ces réseaux d’échanges ont pu être mis en lumière une fois qu’un référentiel typo-chronologique a été établi pour chaque territoire avec pour focale à la fois l’origine et la fonction de la monnaie. Nous avons pu mettre en lumière la précocité des monnayages de potin et de bronze ainsi que des zones d’émission qui se sont modifiées entre le IIe et le Ier siècle avant notre ère.
The celtic coinages of peoples turon and carnute never been a synthesis more go deeper, so we made our subject of study. Our speech is on apperance and development of money in the average Loire. This zone is fundamental for the understanding of the functioning of the systems of exchanges in Gaul but also between the Mediterranean Sea and the North of Europe in final La Tène. These networks of exchange were revealed when a typo- chronological reference table was established for every territory whilst focussing on the origin and function of the money as well. We were able to shed light on the precocity of potin and bronze coinages as well as emission zones that have changed between the second and the first century before our era.
PDF
