Statistical Methods for Communication Science is the only statistical methods volume currently available that focuses exclusively on statistics in communication research. Writing in a ...straightforward, personal style, author Andrew F. Hayes offers this accessible and thorough introduction to statistical methods, starting with the fundamentals of measurement and moving on to discuss such key topics as sampling procedures, probability, reliability, hypothesis testing, simple correlation and regression, and analyses of variance and covariance. Hayes takes readers through each topic with clear explanations and illustrations. He provides a multitude of examples, all set in the context of communication research, thus engaging readers directly and helping them to see the relevance and importance of statistics to the field of communication.
Mediation of X's effect on Y through a mediator M is moderated if the indirect effect of X depends on a fourth variable. Hayes (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate ...Behavioral Research, 50, 1-22. doi:
10.1080/00273171.2014.962683
introduced an approach to testing a moderated mediation hypothesis based on an index of moderated mediation. Here, I extend this approach to models with more than one moderator. I describe how to test if X's indirect effect on Y is moderated by one variable when a second moderator is held constant (partial moderated mediation), conditioned on (conditional moderated mediation), or dependent on a second moderator (moderated moderated mediation). Examples are provided, as is a discussion of the visualization of indirect effects and an illustration of implementation in the PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and people’s interactions with it—through virtual agents, socialbots, and language-generation software—do not fit neatly into paradigms of communication theory that have ...long focused on human–human communication. To address this disconnect between communication theory and emerging technology, this article provides a starting point for articulating the differences between communicative AI and previous technologies and introduces a theoretical basis for navigating these conditions in the form of scholarship within human–machine communication (HMC). Drawing on an HMC framework, we outline a research agenda built around three key aspects of communicative AI technologies: (1) the functional dimensions through which people make sense of these devices and applications as communicators, (2) the relational dynamics through which people associate with these technologies and, in turn, relate to themselves and others, and (3) the metaphysical implications called up by blurring ontological boundaries surrounding what constitutes human, machine, and communication.
Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic models are increasingly being used in communication research. Yet, questions regarding reliability and validity of the approach have received little attention ...thus far. In applying LDA to textual data, researchers need to tackle at least four major challenges that affect these criteria: (a) appropriate pre-processing of the text collection; (b) adequate selection of model parameters, including the number of topics to be generated; (c) evaluation of the model's reliability; and (d) the process of validly interpreting the resulting topics. We review the research literature dealing with these questions and propose a methodology that approaches these challenges. Our overall goal is to make LDA topic modeling more accessible to communication researchers and to ensure compliance with disciplinary standards. Consequently, we develop a brief hands-on user guide for applying LDA topic modeling. We demonstrate the value of our approach with empirical data from an ongoing research project.
This article aims, within the constructionist paradigm, at integrating culture into the framing process. Four characteristics are important for this approach: the distinction between the event, the ...media content, and the frame; the explicit attention to the reconstruction of frame packages; the relationship between frame packages and cultural phenomena; and the interaction between frame sponsors, key events, media content, schemata, and the stock of frames. An elaborated framing model is presented, and, subsequently, the constructionist approach is compared with priming and agenda setting. Finally, the methodological implications are discussed, in order to develop a strategy to reconstruct frame packages.
Résumé
L’approche constructionniste au cadrage: ramener la culture
Cet article vise, à l’intérieur même du paradigme constructionniste, à intégrer la culture au processus de cadrage. Quatre caractéristiques importent dans cette approche : la distinction entre l’événement, le contenu médiatique et le cadre; l’attention accordée explicitement à la reconstruction d’ensembles de cadrage; la relation entre ces ensembles et les phénomènes culturels; l’interaction entre ceux qui parrainent les cadres, les événements clés, le contenu médiatique, les schèmes et les cadres disponibles. Un modèle élaboré de cadrage est d’abord présenté, suivi d’une comparaison de l’approche constructionniste avec celle de préparation (priming) et de définition de programme d’action (agenda setting). Pour terminer, les implications méthodologiques sont discutées afin de mettre au point une stratégie de reconstruction des ensembles de cadrage.
Ein konstruktivistischer Ansatz zum Framing: Die Kultur wieder ins Spiel gebracht.
Innerhalb des Konstruktivistischen Paradigmas liefert dieser Artikel eine Möglichkeit, Kultur in den Framing‐Prozess zu integrieren. Vier Merkmale sind für diesen Ansatz zentral: (a) die Unterscheidung zwischen Anlass, Medieninhalt und Frame, (b) die Fokussierung auf die Rekonstruktion von Frame‐Bündeln, (c) die Beziehung zwischen Frame‐Bündeln und kulturellen Phänomenen und (d) die Interaktion zwischen Frame‐Sponsoren, Hauptanlässen, Medieninhalt, Schemata und bestehenden Frames. Nachdem ein ausführliches Framing‐Modell diskutiert wurde, wird der konstruktivistische Ansatz mit Priming und Agenda‐Setting verglichen. Schlussendlich werden methodologische Implikationen für die Rekonstruktion von Frame‐Bündeln diskutiert.
Resumen
El Enfoque Constructivista del Framing: Trayendo Cultura a
El objetivo de este artículo, dentro del paradigma constructivista, apunta a integrar la noción de cultura al proceso del framing. Cuatro características son importantes para esta aproximación: la distinción entre el evento, el contenido de los medios masivos, y el encuadre; la atención explícita a la reconstrucción del paquete de encuadre; la relación entre los paquetes de encuadre y el fenómeno cultural y la interacción entre los patrocinadores de los encuadres, los eventos claves, el contenido de los medios masivos, los esquemas, y el stock de encuadres. Presentamos un modelo elaborado del framing y comparamos posteriormente el enfoque constructivista con el priming y la agenda setting. Discutimos, finalmente, las implicaciones metodológicas para desarrollar una estrategia de reconstrucción de paquetes de encuadres.
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In this article, the introduction to a special International Journal of Press/Politics (IJPP) issue on populism, we articulate and define populism as a communication phenomenon. We provide an ...overview of populist political communication research and its current foci. We offer a framework for ongoing research and set the boundary conditions for a new generation of research on populist political communication, with an aim to push the research agendas and design toward a more interactive, systematic, and in particular, comparative approach to the study of populist political communication.
Abstract
Meta-theoretical focus is given to how communication researchers are approaching and hypothesizing moderation. A moderation typology is offered and an evaluation of the field’s common ...practices for positing moderation reveals an inability to discern between three overarching classifications (Contributory, Contingent, Cleaved). A content analysis of eight communication journals reveals moderation hypotheses lacking a level of precision that can best aid the field’s knowledge generation. In addition, vague hypothesizing is leaving communication researchers vulnerable to the commitment of Type III error (i.e., correctly rejecting a null hypothesis for the wrong reason). Recommendations are provided in an effort to improve the field’s conceptualization and presentation of moderation.
•This study examines the trends of internal communication research in public relations with a quantitative content analysis.•Research topics, theories, methodology, and authorship information were ...analyzed using a total of 223 articles.•With the increase in the number of articles of internal communication in PR, research topics have diversified since 2000.•Established public relations theories have been frequently used in internal communication research.
This study aims to examine the trends of internal communication research through a quantitative content analysis of published articles in public relations and other communication journals. Research topics, theoretical frameworks, methodology, and authorship information were analyzed using 223 articles. Results indicate that internal communication research in public relations scholarships has exponentially increased since 2011. Research topics on internal communication have diversified since 2000, from descriptive studies illustrating internal communication practices to a variety of relevant phenomena on employee and organizational outcomes. Public relations theories, such as organization–public relationship and symmetrical communication, have been frequently applied in internal communication research. In terms of methodology and sample, quantitative and qualitative methods have been equally utilized, and employees from multiple organizations were frequently used as a type of sample in a large portion of research works. The most productive researchers and institutions of internal communication research in public relations were also identified. Implications for ongoing internal communication research in public relations disciplines are discussed. To address the limitations of the current study, future studies should incorporate an interdisciplinary and a global perspective.
Science communication is a thriving field that is vitally important to confront and overcome current societal challenges. To make science communication effective, science communication research and ...practice need to come together and share knowledge and experiences. However, their collaboration is hampered by a variety of obstacles on both sides, ranging from lack of time to lack of incentives and awareness. In this Special Issue we give space to authors from a wide range of backgrounds to reflect on the relationship between science communication research and practice and inspire the field with their insights and learnings.
This article traces the five-decade legacy of a classic volume, Current Perspectives in Mass Communication Research, edited by Kline and Tichenor, published in 1972. After charting the ...epistemological origins of the book, the paper describes the particular confluence of factors—conceptual, university-based, interpersonal, and the forging of a propitious professional relationship between the book’s co-editor and Sage Publications—that explain the provenance and critical impact of the book. The paper notes the contributions, shortcomings, and strengths of the 1972 volume, reflecting on the unique role the book played in the development of journalism and mass communication research.
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