Xavier Lapeyre de Cabanes is interviewed on the topic of his function within the framework of the French Presidency of the Council of the European Union.
Am 15. Februar 1989 begann mit dem Rückzug der letzten sowjetischen Einheiten über den Amu Darya die Serie jener dramatischen Ereignisse, die im Herbst 1991 mit der Auflösung der Sowjetunion enden ...sollte. Was hat die heutige Führung Moskaus aus den sowjetischen Erfahrungen am Hindukusch und ihren Folgen gelernt? Eine dreiteilige Artikelserie beleuchtet in ihrem ersten Teil den historischen Hintergrund von der Machtergreifung der Bolschewiki bis zum sowjetischen Einmarsch in Afghanistan Ende 1979. Im zweiten Teil wird das politisch-militärische Scheitern der Sowjetunion am Hindukusch analysiert. Im letzten Artikel steht die Rückbesinnung der russischen Elite auf Konzeptionen des späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts im Vordergrund. Ihre Konsequenzen reichen weit über den Hindukusch hinaus.
Keywords Medieval Diplomatics; Cartularies; Diplomacy Document Diplomatics; Medieval Diplomacy; Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Los márgenes tienen un gran tamaño, pero están distribuidos de forma ...irregular; mientras el margen inferior puede alcanzar los 60 mm, el superior se situa entre los 15 y los 20 mm. Asimismo, el margen exterior lateral tiene entre 45 y 50 mm., y el margen interior lateral solamente tiene visibles entre unos 10 y 15 mm. En la parte inferior del vuelto del último folio de cada cuadernillo aparecen los reclamos o custodias, pequeñas notas destinadas a asegurar que en el proceso de encuadernado se respete el orden correcto; estas notas se limitan a la inclusión de las primeras palabras del texto del primer folio del siguiente cuadernillo en escritura gótica cursiva. La mayor parte de esas notas se concentran en el primer documento, la copia de la primera ratificación de Richard II de Inglaterra del Tratado de Windsor de 138668, algo comprensible dada su larga vida legal y la necesidad continua de aplicarlo y renovarlo. Edt.: Silva, José Soares da, op. cit., pp. 246-266 (34).- Rymer, Thomas, op. cit., vol. 8, p. 347.- Rego, António da Silva (ed.): op. cit, vol 6, pp. 603-612 (4101) - error al datarlo en 1403; y vol. 9, pp. 117-127 (4501).
During the Cold War, thousands of musicians from the United States traveled the world, sponsored by the U.S. State Department’s Cultural Presentations program. Performances of music in many ...styles—classical, rock ’n’ roll, folk, blues, and jazz—competed with those by traveling Soviet and mainland Chinese artists, enhancing the prestige of American culture. These concerts offered audiences around the world evidence of America’s improving race relations, excellent musicianship, and generosity toward other peoples. Through personal contacts and the media, musical diplomacy also created subtle musical, social, and political relationships on a global scale. Although born of state-sponsored tours often conceived as propaganda ventures, these relationships were in themselves great diplomatic achievements and constituted the essence of America’s soft power. Using archival documents and newly collected oral histories, Danielle Fosler-Lussier shows that musical diplomacy had vastly different meanings for its various participants, including government officials, musicians, concert promoters, and audiences. Through the stories of musicians from Louis Armstrong and Marian Anderson to orchestras and college choirs, Fosler-Lussier deftly explores the value and consequences of "musical diplomacy."
When we think of diplomacy, we often envisage Heads of State at formal settings or official meetings. In reality though, everyone can play a positive role in diplomacy.Public diplomacy, also referred ...to as people diplomacy, is about building friendships and understanding between peoples of different countries. Traditionally meant to promote national interests and advance foreign policy goals, public diplomacy today has evolved to embrace both formal and informal efforts by non-governmental organisations and institutions to cultivate meaningful connections.Winning Hearts and Minds: Public Diplomacy in ASEAN explores how countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) approach public diplomacy and the strategies that they employ to bridge gaps, enrich mutual understanding, and deepen relationships with the rest of the world.This book, launched in commemoration of the Singapore International Foundation's 30th anniversary, offers inspiring essays from 11 leading scholars, diplomats and distinguished figures in the region. They offer a glimpse into how historical developments have shaped the way each ASEAN country views public diplomacy, the motivations behind their global engagement efforts, and suggestions for the way forward.
The article analyzes the leading types of modern diplomacy. Problem statement. Changes in the system of international relations have led to increased attention to the study of issues related to ...modern diplomacy. However, in the scientific community, the study of the features and essence of the varieties of modern diplomacy is considered to be fragmented. The lack of thorough general theoretical works on this issue, as well as the frequent misunderstanding of the essence and tasks of modern diplomacy in the scientific and publicist literature, causes confusion and different interpretations of the terms. This points to the relevance and significance of further research in the field of modern diplomacy. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence and define the terms " public diplomacy", " people' diplomacy", "civil diplomacy", "new public diplomacy", to establish their classification according to the subjects of implementation, addressees and peculiarities of practical implementation. The aim of the work is also to conduct a comprehensive analysis of "cultural diplomacy" and to identify the main achievements in this area in Ukraine. Methodology. This study uses the methodology of interdisciplinary level science. The interdisciplinary integration of knowledge and the integration of disparate characteristics into a system allowed to obtain new scientific knowledge, which consists in a comparative analysis of the leading types of modern diplomacy, highlighting "cultural diplomacy" as the main one and analyzing the main institutional achievements of Ukraine in cultural diplomacy. Results. The article summarizes the definitions of the concepts of "public diplomacy", "civil diplomacy", "people's diplomacy", "digital diplomacy", "new public diplomacy". Their essential features and main characteristics are highlighted, their comparative analysis is presented, and "cultural diplomacy" as the leading direction of modern diplomatic practice is analyzed. The institutional context of cultural diplomacy of Ukraine is considered. The conclusion is made that despite the failure of systemic cultural reforms in the past, today there are positive changes in cultural diplomacy. Ukraine's cultural vector in foreign policy acquires a systemic and strategic balance. Value/originality. A comparative analysis of different types of modern diplomacy is conducted, the definition of "cultural diplomacy" is clarified and the peculiarities of its institutional formation are considered. Practical implications. The materials of the article can be used for research and educational purposes, as well as for the further development of the vectors of Ukrainian cultural diplomacy.
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