Bent functions are maximally nonlinear Boolean functions. They are important functions introduced by Rothaus and studied firstly by Dillon and next by many researchers for more than four decades. A ...systematic construction method of bent functions by modifying the support of Rothaus’s bent function was given in Su (IEEE Trans Inf Theory 66(5):3277–3291, 2020). In this paper, we give a further study on that construction method. Two more flexible construction methods of bent functions by modifying the support of Rothaus’s bent function are given respectively. The newly constructed bent functions contain the result in Su (2020), which is simply a special subclass of the newly constructed bent functions. The dual functions of these bent functions are determined. The methods of constructing self-dual bent functions are given. And the numbers of the newly constructed bent functions are also presented.
Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have attracted great attention because of their high energy density and high theoretical capacity. However, the “shuttle effect” caused by the dissolution of ...polysulfides in liquid electrolytes severely hinders their practical applications. Herein, we originally propose a carboxyl functional polyamide acid (PAA) nanofiber separator with dual functions for inhibiting polysulfide transfer and promoting Li+ migration via a one-step electrospinning synthesis method. Especially, the functional groups of −COOH in PAA separators provide an electronegative environment, which promotes the transport of Li+ but suppresses the migration of negative polysulfide anions. Therefore, the PAA nanofiber separator can act as an efficient electrostatic shield to restrict the polysulfide on the cathode side, while efficiently promoting Li+ transfer across the separator. As a result, an ultralow decay rate of only 0.12% per cycle is achieved for the PAA nanofiber separator after 200 cycles at 0.2 C, which is less than half that (0.26% per cycle) of the commercial Celgard separator.
Herein, glutathione-capped copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) and graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4 NSs) were synthesized by a facile one-pot chemical reduction and directly thermal pyrolysis ...following ultrasonic exfoliation approaches, respectively. The introduction of Ce(III) (Ce3+) played dual functions in constructing a fluorescence-enhanced ratiometric nanoprobe (g-C3N4 NSs-Ce3+-CuNCs), i.e., triggering aggregation-induced emission of CuNCs and conjugating g-C3N4 NSs with CuNCs by virtue of electrostatic and coordination interactions. The as-fabricated nanohybrid displayed 460 and 625 nm dual-emitting peaks, attributing to the emission of g-C3N4 NSs and CuNCs, respectively. Upon addition of H2O2, the 625 nm emission was dramatically quenched, whereas the 460 nm emission remained nearly unchanged, thereby causing obvious color changes from purple to blue under a 365-nm UV lamp. A ratiometric fluorescent assay, based on g-C3N4 NSs-Ce3+-CuNCs, was devised for sensitive and visual detection of H2O2, which spanned the linear range of 2–100 μM with a detection limit of 0.6 μM. In the presence of glucose oxidase, the ratiometric nanoprobe could be simultaneously employed to detect glucose across the linear range of 1.6–320 μM with a detection limit of 0.48 μM. In milk and human serum samples, the fortified recoveries for H2O2 and glucose by the nanoprobe were in the range of 95.5–103.6% with RSDs <3.8%. The real detection levels for glucose are consistent with those by a standard glucometer. As such, the ratiometric nanoprobe offers a promising methodology for several practical applications, such as point-of-care diagnosis and workplace health evaluations.
Schematic illustration of the ratiometric fluorescent assay based on g-C3N4 NSs-Ce3+-CuNCs for sensitive assay of H2O2 and glucose. Display omitted
•A novel ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe based on g-C3N4 NSs-Ce3+-CuNCs is develpoed.•The introduction of Ce(III) play dual functions such as triggering aggregation-induced emission of CuNCs and conjugating g-C3N4 NSs with CuNCs.•The ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe based on g-C3N4 NSs-Ce3+-CuNCs can be used to visually detect H2O2 and glucose by naked eyes.•The ratiometric fluorescence probe possesses wide application prospects for several practical applications, such as point-of-care diagnosis and workplace health evaluations.
Traditional conductive fabrics are prepared by the synthesis of conductive polymers and the coating modification of metals or carbon black conductive materials. However, the conductive fabrics cause ...a significant decline in performance after washing or mechanical wear, which limits their application. Moreover, the single function of the traditional conductive fabric is also the reason that limits its wide application. In order to prepare a wearable, stable, high-performance, washable, multifunctional conductive fabric, we have carried out related research. In this work, polydopamine was used as a bonding layer, an adsorption reduction layer, and a protective layer to improve the bonding between silver nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the polyester fabric surface so as to prepare a multifunctional conductive fabric with a high-stability “sandwich” structure, in which a Ag-NPS@CNT structure acting as an intermediate conductive layer formed on the inner layer PDA@CNT by electroless silver plating and the outermost layer PDA@CNT coated on the surface of the intermediate conductive layer by the impregnation-drying method. The sheet resistance of an E-Fabric can reach 2.11 Ω/□ due to the uniform and dense conductive path formed by the special structure Ag-NPs@CNT. At a low voltage of 1.5 V, the E-Fabric can reach 117 °C in 50 s and remain stable. The electrical conductivity and current heating properties of the E-Fabric remain good even after multiple washing or bending tests. Due to its stable and outstanding electrical conductivity, the E-Fabric has an electromagnetic shielding efficiency (SET) of 35.3 dB in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). In addition, E-Fabric-based spin-coated poly(methyl methacrylate) or polydimethylsiloxane electrodes exhibit excellent performance in nanogenerators. Through the low-frequency friction of the human body, transient voltages up to 4 V can be generated from a 2 cm × 2 cm electrode sample. The output power of a single generator can reach about 12 nW/cm2. Therefore, an E-Fabric is considered to have great potential in the fields of electric heating, electromagnetic shielding, and smart wearable devices.
•Fluorescent positive charged carbon dots (P-CDs) were prepared using a two-step heating procedure.•P-CDs play dual roles of nanoquencher and internal kept signal for DNA fluorescence ...detection.•P-CDs quenched fluorescence labeled ssDNA through electrostatic and π-π stacking interactions.•P-CDs and FAM were used as stable reference signal and indicator signal respectively.•Ratiometric fluorescence DNA sensor with improved reproducibility was presented.
Specific modification of carbon dots (CDs) exhibit excellent properties and are suitable for numerous applications. The exploitation of multifunctional CDs in the area of fluorescent assay is still urgent and attractive. Herein, using a simple two-step heating procedure, positive charged carbon dots (P-CDs) were prepared with the co-doping of the elements of N and S. The morphology, optical properties and stability of P-CDs was investigated. Furthermore, P-CDs show the dual functions of unprecedented quenching performance toward fluorophore-modified DNA coupling the retaining fluorescence of P-CDs self. The quenching effect and mechanism of P-CDs to fluorophore-modified DNA was investigated. The fluorescence and quenching properties of P-CDs were used to design a ratiometric fluorescence platform for DNA based on the complex of P-CDs and FAM-labeled ssDNA. The ratiometric method allows the detection of target DNA because of the different affinities of P-CDs to ssDNA and dsDNA with acceptable sensitivity and improved reproducibility, when using sequence fragment of the gene of Gardnerella vaginalis as model. This method provides a new approach to widen the future of the biological applications based on some special CDs.
•Inflammation consists of two successive steps; priming, a preparatory step and triggering, an activation step.•Key feature of triggering is the activation of inflammasomes, intracellular ...inflammatory protein complexes.•Caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome is recently discovered and distinguished from the canonical inflammasomes.•Caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome plays an aggravating role in IBD pathogenesis.•Caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome also plays a protective role in IBD pathogenesis.•Selective regulation of caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome may be therapeutic benefits for IBD and other inflammatory diseases.
Inflammation is a two-step process comprising the first priming step that prepares inflammatory responses and the second triggering step that activates inflammatory responses. The key feature of the triggering step is the activation of inflammasomes and intracellular inflammatory protein complexes that provide molecular platforms to activate inflammatory signal transduction cascades. Although canonical inflammasomes have been well demonstrated to be actively involved in numerous human diseases, the roles of the recently identified non-canonical inflammasomes are largely unknown. However, recent studies have demonstrated the emerging roles of the caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome in various human inflammatory diseases, ultimately providing strong evidence that the caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome is a key player in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Here, we comprehensively reviewed the regulatory roles of the caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its underlying mechanisms. Overall, this review highlights the current understanding of the regulatory roles of the caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome in IBD and may provide insight into new strategies for preventing and treating IBD and caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome-driven diseases.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a key fundamental gasotransmitter regulates various biological processes, and the incontrollable H2S is essentially associated with the occurrence and development of ...multiple diseases, including cancers. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as an invasive tumor treatment technology, has also attracted great attentions. Due to the key role of elevated H2S in cancers, integrating H2S depletion/recognition and PDT should be an effective strategy to enhance anticancer performance. In this work, we report a H2S depletion aided PDT platform (3RAX-NBD) by the chemical ligation of 3RAX and NBD. 3RAX-NBD can react rapidly with H2S and generate a novel 3RAX derivative compound 3 with increased fluorescence in vitro and in vivo. More notably, 3RAX-NBD can effectively kill multiple cancer cells through in situ irradiation, and 3RAX-NBD also has prominent anticancer effects on 4 T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c female mice with no notably toxic side effects. We believe that our H2S depletion aided PDT platform may provide a powerful tool for studying the key roles of H2S in diseases, and also give another promising candidate for cancer treatment.
A novel PDT platform (3RAX-NBD) was developed with dual functions of H2S recognition and photodynamic activity which has prominent therapeutic effects and biosafety in vivo. Display omitted
•Design and synthesis a novel compound (3RAX-NBD) with dual functions of H2S recognition and photodynamic activity.•3RAX-NBD has a specific response to H2S with a low detection limit, and can be used for imaging exogenous H2S in living cells.
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Controllable osteoinduction maintained in the original defect area is the key to precise bone repair. To meet the requirement of precise bone regeneration, a hydroxyapatite (HAp) ...nanobelt/polylactic acid (PLA) (HAp/PLA) Janus membrane has been successfully prepared in this study by coating PLA on a paper-like HAp nanobelt film by a casting-pervaporation method. The Janus membrane possesses dual functions: excellent osteoinduction from the hydrophilic HAp nanobelt side and barrier function originating from the hydrophobic PLA film. The cell viability and osteogenic differentiation ability of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) on the Janus membrane were assessed. The in vitro experimental results prove that the HAp nanobelt side presents high cell viability and efficient osteoinduction without any growth factor and that the PLA side can prohibit cell attachment. The in vivo repair experiments on a rat mandible defect model prove that the PLA side can prevent postoperative adhesion between bone and adjacent soft tissues. Most importantly, the HAp side has a strong ability to promote defect repair and bone regeneration. Therefore, the HAp/PLA Janus membrane will have wide applications as a kind of tissue engineering material in precise bone repair because of its unique dual osteoinduction/barrier functions, biocompatibility, low cost, and its ability to be mass-produced.
Precise bone defect repair to keeping tissue integrity and original outline shape is a very important issue for tissue engineering. Here, we have designed and prepared a novel HAp/PLA Janus membrane using a casting-pervaporation method to form a layer of PLA film on paper-like HAp nanobelt film. HAp nanobelt side of the Janus membrane can successfully promote osteogenic differentiation. PLA side of the Janus membrane exhibits good properties as a barrier for preventing the adhesion of cells in vitro. Mandible repair experiments in vivo have shown that the HAp/PLA Janus membrane can promote rat mandible repair on the HAp side and can successfully prevent postoperative adhesion on the PLA side at the same time. Therefore, the HAp/PLA Janus membrane with its osteoinduction/barrier dual functions can be applied to repair bone defect precisely.
Dual parametrizaions of the Bertrand offset- spacelike ruled surfaces are assigned and sundry modern outcomes are acquired in view of their integral invariants. A modern characterization of the ...Bertrand offsets of spacelike developable surfaces is specified. Further, many connections among the striction curves of Bertrand offsets of spacelike ruled surfaces and their integral invariants are gained.
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