Decoding Employment Status Deakin, Simon
King's Law Journal,
20/5/3/, Letnik:
31, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
There is much at stake in the classification of work relations: on the one hand, the stability of the tax base and the capacity of the state to deliver public goods; on the other, the structure of ...enterprise and the rights of workers in the 'gig' economy and beyond. Classification decisions, however, are made using legal concepts which many view as artificial and manipulable, to the point where it is hard to discern the considerations which are actually guiding decisions. Decomposing the 'employment' concept reveals something of the implicit 'weighting' of tests and indicators which underlies judicial and administrative determinations. Viewed in this light, statutory reformulations such as the 'ABC' test can play a role in 'reweighting' the classification process, extending the protective coverage of labour laws and resisting fiscal erosion.
Kayıt dışı istihdam, istihdama katılan kişilerin çalışmalarının karşılıǧında alacakları ücretin eksik olması ve/veya çalıştıkları gün sayısının gereken kamu kuramlarına hiç bildirilmemesi veya eksik ...bildirilmesi şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bireylerin demografik, sosyo-ekonomik belirleyicilerin ve çalışma durumunun kayıt dışı istihdam üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doǧrultusunda çalışmada Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'nun 2018 yılında yapmış olduǧu Türkiye Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi mikro verileri kullanılmıştır. Kayıtlı çalışıp çalışmama durumu baǧımlı deǧişken olarak ele alınarak ikili probit model kurulmuştur. Kurulan bu modele cinsiyet, yaş, eǧitim durumu, medeni durum, hanehalkı büyüklüǧü, hanehalkı sorumlusuna yakınlık, çalışma şekli, işyeri durumu ve çalışan sayısı olmak üzere dokuz baǧımsız deǧişken dahil edilmiştir. Modele dahil edilen tüm baǧımsız deǧişkenlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduǧu ve genel modelin de anlamlı olduǧu görülmüştür.
Dedicated to organizing workers from diverse racial, ethnic, and religious backgrounds, many of whom were considered "unorganizable" by other unions, the progressive New York City-based labor union ...District 65 counted among its 30,000 members retail clerks, office workers, warehouse workers, and wholesale workers. In this book, Lisa Phillips presents a distinctive study of District 65 and its efforts to secure economic equality for minority workers in sales and processing jobs in small, low-end shops and warehouses throughout the city. Phillips shows how organizers fought tirelessly to achieve better hours and higher wages for "unskilled," unrepresented workers and to destigmatize the kind of work they performed. _x000B__x000B_Closely examining the strategies employed by District 65 from the 1930s through the early Cold War years, Phillips assesses the impact of the McCarthy era on the union's quest for economic equality across divisions of race, ethnicity, and skill. Though their stories have been overshadowed by those of auto, steel, and electrical workers who forced American manufacturing giants to unionize, the District 65 workers believed their union provided them with an opportunity to re-value their work, the result of an economy inclining toward fewer manufacturing jobs and more low-wage service and processing jobs._x000B__x000B_Phillips recounts how District 65 first broke with the CIO over the latter's hostility to left-oriented politics and organizing agendas, then rejoined to facilitate alliances with the NAACP. In telling the story of District 65 and detailing community organizing efforts during the first part of the Cold War and under the AFL-CIO umbrella, A Renegade Union continues to revise the history of the left-led unions of the Congress of Industrial Organizations. _x000B_
The fifth freedom Chen, Anthony S
2009., 20090526, 2009, 2009-05-26, 20090101, Letnik:
106
eBook
Where did affirmative action in employment come from? The conventional wisdom is that it was instituted during the Johnson and Nixon years through the backroom machinations of federal bureaucrats and ...judges. The Fifth Freedom presents a new perspective, tracing the roots of the policy to partisan conflicts over fair employment practices (FEP) legislation from the 1940s to the 1970s. Drawing on untapped sources, Anthony Chen chronicles the ironic, forgotten role played by American conservatives in the development of affirmative action.
Unemployment among black Americans is twice that of whites. Myriad theories have been put forward to explain the persistent employment gap between blacks and whites in the U.S. Structural theorists ...point to factors such as employer discrimination and the decline of urban manufacturing. Other researchers argue that African-American residents living in urban neighborhoods of concentrated poverty lack social networks that can connect them to employers. Still others believe that African-American culture fosters attitudes of defeatism and resistance to work. In Lone Pursuit, sociologist Sandra Susan Smith cuts through this thicket of competing explanations to examine the actual process of job searching in depth. Lone Pursuit reveals that unemployed African Americans living in the inner city are being let down by jobholding peers and government agencies who could help them find work, but choose not to. Lone Pursuit is a pioneering ethnographic study of the experiences of low-skilled, black urban residents in Michigan as both jobseekers and jobholders. Smith surveyed 105 African-American men and women between the ages of 20 and 40, each of whom had no more than a high school diploma. She finds that mutual distrust thwarts cooperation between jobseekers and jobholders. Jobseekers do not lack social capital per se, but are often unable to make use of the network ties they have. Most jobholders express reluctance about referring their friends and relatives for jobs, fearful of jeopardizing their own reputations with employers. Rather than finding a culture of dependency, Smith discovered that her underprivileged subjects engage in a discourse of individualism. To justify denying assistance to their friends and relatives, jobholders characterize their unemployed peers as lacking in motivation and stress the importance of individual responsibility. As a result, many jobseekers, wary of being demeaned for their needy condition, hesitate to seek referrals from their peers. In a low-skill labor market where employers rely heavily on personal referrals, this go-it-alone approach is profoundly self-defeating. In her observations of a state job center, Smith finds similar distrust and non-cooperation between jobseekers and center staff members, who assume that young black men are unwilling to make an effort to find work. As private contractors hired by the state, the job center also seeks to meet performance quotas by screening out the riskiest prospects—black male and female jobseekers who face the biggest obstacles to employment and thus need the most help. The problem of chronic black joblessness has resisted both the concerted efforts of policymakers and the proliferation of theories offered by researchers. By examining the roots of the African-American unemployment crisis from the vantage point of the everyday job-searching experiences of the urban poor, Lone Pursuit provides a novel answer to this decades-old puzzle.
Mad River, Marjorie Rowland, and the Quest for LGBTQ Teachers’ Rights addresses an important legal case that set the stage for today’s LGBTQ civil rights–a case that almost no one has heard of. ...Marjorie Rowland v. Mad River School District involves an Ohio guidance counselor fired in 1974 for being bisexual. Rowland’s case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the justices declined to consider it. In a spectacular published dissent, Justice Brennan laid out arguments for why the First and Fourteenth Amendments apply to bisexuals, gays, and lesbians. That dissent has been the foundation for LGBTQ civil rights advances since.
In the first in-depth treatment of this foundational legal case, authors Margaret A. Nash and Karen L. Graves tell the story of that case and of Marjorie Rowland, the pioneer who fought for employment rights for LGBTQ educators and who paid a heavy price for that fight. It brings the story of LGBTQ educators’ rights to the present, including commentary on Bostock v Clayton County , the 2020 Supreme Court case that struck down employment discrimination against LGBT workers.
Employment equity in Canada Agocs, Carol
Employment equity in Canada,
2014, 20140723, 2014, 2014-07-23, 2014-07-31
eBook
More than twenty-five years after the Abella Commission on Equality in Employment, Employment Equity in Canada examines the state of employment equity in Canada today.
PDF
