Sustainable tourism development and digital transformations are among the key issues that should be taken into account when preparing contemporary tourism degree programmes. In order to offer an ...innovative curriculum, systems thinking and knowledge from the intersection of many areas including tourism, geography, information and communication technology, management, teaching methodology and psychology are required. The adaptation of curricula should also take into account the experience of universities outside Poland which have often successfully implemented programmes covering sustainable development issues for many years and have feedback on the satisfaction of both graduates and employers. This article presents the results of the work of an international consortium of universities from Germany, Poland, Serbia and Switzerland which developed a course programme on ‘ICT as a tool for the development and promotion of sustainable tourism’ that can be adapted by a wide range of organisations such as universities, NGOs and tourism training companies.
The theme of "Conversion" is prominent in writings of Protestant reformers of the sixteenth century. Conversion is variously construed as a sudden reorientation of perspective, or, alternatively, as ...a gradual, ongoing process of readjustment of behavior. Change of religious orientation can be cognitive or habitual, passive or active, and can depend upon a range of moral ontological assumptions. A traditional antiphon in the Octave of Christmas invokes the language of exchange - "O admirabile commertium" - which is echoed by Jean Calvin in his reference to the Sacrament of the Eucharist as "mirifica commutatio", "wondrous exchange." This language harks back to the scriptural concept of covenant. This essay will explore the reformers' employment of mercantile metaphors in their discourse of conversion. In addition to Calvin attention will be paid to Erasmus, Martin Luther, the Florentine reformer Peter Martyr Vermigli, the French Zwinglian Antoine de Marcourt, and to the Elizabethan divine Richard Hooker.
Autori u radu nastoje dati pregled programa Erasmus+ i mogućnosti razmjene u svrhu studiranja i obavljanja stručne prakse u inozemstvu u području visokog obrazovanja. U radu se analizira utjecaj ...programa Erasmus+ na turizam mladih, odnosno njegov utjecaj na studente i njihov doprinos turističkoj i ostalim djelatnostima zemlje u kojoj su odlučili boraviti. U radu je prikazan nastanak i razvoj programa Erasmus+ te je također izložena usporedba sudionika programa Erasmus za razdoblje od 1987. do 2019. godine. Konačno, poseban dio rada posvećen je i novonastaloj situaciji uzrokovanoj pandemijom COVID-19 i njezinom utjecaju na inozemnu razmjenu studenata i mobilnost mladih.
In this paper, the authors attempt to provide an overview of the Erasmus+ programme and exchange opportunities aimed at studying or completing traineeships abroad in the area of higher education. The paper analyses the impact of the Erasmus+ programme on youth tourism, in other words, its impact on students and their contribution to tourism and other economic activities of the host country. We provide insight into the introduction and development of the Erasmus+ programme, as well as present a comparison of participants in the Erasmus programme in the period from 1987 to 2019. Finally, a special part of the paper is dedicated to the newly created situation caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on international student exchange and youth mobility.
The Erasmus programme - EU`s flagship student exchange programme – has drawn more and more scholarly attention in the last decades, proportionally with its expansion. In this context, the link ...between an Erasmus experience abroad and European identity has also been explored by a series of studies. This paper aims to“zoom in” on this matter through a review of the literature that deals with this topic,touching also upon some of the relevant theories and policy documents for the study of this subject matter. To begin with, it will provide some clarifications about the concept(s) of (European) identity, putting them in the context of the Erasmus programme. Further on, it will engage in a mapping exercise of the some of the various approaches that have been taken, the case studies and the research methodologies that have been used or the results that have been observed in the dominant literature on this subject.
In this article, we will use contemporary analytic tools to make sense of the main arguments in the classic debate on free will between Erasmus of Rotterdam and the Reformer Martin Luther. Instead of ...offering another exegesis of these texts, we put forward an analysis that links this historical debate with contemporary discussions on free will and grace in philosophical theology. We argue that the debate was ultimately about how three theological core claims are related to one another: the Anti-Pelagian Constraint (humans are incapable of willing any good, in order to come to faith), the Responsibility Principle (humans are morally responsible in the eyes of God) and human free will. Erasmus attacks Luther by arguing that the Responsibility Principle cannot be maintained without free will, while Luther responds by arguing that Erasmus must reject free will, because it is in conflict with the Anti-Pelagian Constraint. Luther is then left with the dilemma of justifying the Responsibility Principle without free will – a task, which in our estimation, fails. In the concluding section of the article, we point out some continuities and discontinuities between the contemporary debate and that of Luther and Erasmus.
Abstract
Following its departure from the European Union in 2020, the UK left the Erasmus + student mobility scheme, replacing it with the ‘Turing Scheme’. The scheme is underpinned by four key ...objectives that address what the government sees as particular socio-economic and geo-political challenges: to promote ‘Global Britain’, through ‘forging new relationships across the world’; to ‘support social mobility and widen participation across the UK’; to develop ‘key skills’, bridging ‘the gap between education and work’; and to ensure ‘value for UK taxpayers’ in international student mobility. In this paper, we draw on an analysis of the websites of 100 UK higher education institutions to explore the messages given to students about the Turing Scheme. In particular, we focus on geopolitical positioning through ‘Global Britain’, the perceived importance of socio-economic diversification through ‘widening participation’, and the underexplored role played by third parties in the provision and administration of the Turing Scheme (and study abroad more broadly).
The Erasmus Programme for higher education students is supposed to play an important socio-economic role within Europe. Erasmus student mobility flows have reached a relevant level of two million ...since 1987, boosted in recent years by the enlargement of the programme to eastern countries. Thereafter, it seems that flows have staggered. In this context, the article analyses the determinants of Erasmus student mobility establishing relevant hypotheses, which arise from the migration theory and gravity models. A panel data set of bilateral flows for all the participating countries has been used in order to test the factors influencing these student flows. Country size, cost of living, distance, educational background, university quality, the host country language and climate are all found to be significant determinants. Results also reveal that there are other determinants, like a country's characteristics and time effects, which can affect mobility flows. Based on these findings, some general recommendations are put forward to enhance these flows.
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