Established wisdom in cognitive science holds that the everyday folk psychological abilities of humans -- our capacity to understand intentional actions performed for reasons -- are inherited from ...our evolutionary forebears. In Folk Psychological Narratives, Daniel Hutto challenges this view (held in somewhat different forms by the two dominant approaches, "theory theory" and simulation theory) and argues for the sociocultural basis of this familiar ability. He makes a detailed case for the idea that the way we make sense of intentional actions essentially involves the construction of narratives about particular persons. Moreover he argues that children acquire this practical skill only by being exposed to and engaging in a distinctive kind of narrative practice. Hutto calls this developmental proposal the narrative practice hypothesis (NPH). Its core claim is that direct encounters with stories about persons who act for reasons (that is, folk psychological narratives) supply children with both the basic structure of folk psychology and the norm-governed possibilities for wielding it in practice. In making a strong case for the as yet underexamined idea that our understanding of reasons may be socioculturally grounded, Hutto not only advances and explicates the claims of the NPH, but he also challenges certain widely held assumptions. In this way, Folk Psychological Narratives both clears conceptual space around the dominant approaches for an alternative and offers a groundbreaking proposal.
Täuschen, Manipulieren und Betrügen auf der Theaterbühne - unzuverlässige Erzählfiguren lassen sich immer öfter auch in postdramatischen Inszenierungen finden. Mit Schauspielenden verbindet sie vor ...allem eines: das unablässige (Selbst-)Inszenieren von narrativen Weltentwürfen, die sich als metareflexive Täuschungsspiele entpuppen. Vor dem Hintergrund der intermedialen Praxis der Romanadaption entwickelt Annika Becker eine Typologie theatraler Unzuverlässigkeit, die zum zentralen Bindeglied zwischen Literarizität und Performativität avanciert. Damit liefert sie einen grundlegenden und innovativen Beitrag zur interdisziplinären Erzählforschung am Schnittpunkt von Theater- und Literaturtheorie.
The socially minded linguistic study of storytelling in everyday life has been rapidly expanding. This book provides a critical engagement with this dynamic field of narrative studies, addressing ...long-standing questions such as definitions of narrative and views of narrative structure but also more recent preoccupations such as narrative discourse and identities, narrative language, power and ideologies. It also offers an overview of a wide range of methodologies, analytical modes and perspectives on narrative from conversation analysis to critical discourse analysis, to linguistic anthropology and ethnography of communication. The discussion engages with studies of narrative in multiple situational and cultural settings, from informal-intimate to institutional. It also demonstrates how recent trends in narrative analysis, such as small stories research, positioning analysis and sociocultural orientations, have contributed to a new paradigm that approaches narratives not simply as texts, but rather as complex communicative practices intimately linked with the production of social life.
Storytelling is an essential element of human nature. This study identifies five universal "streams of narrative" - that is, five "hyper-genres" that serve as a system for classifying virtually all ...kinds of narration. In conjunction with concepts drawn from biology, psychology, and sociology, the study develops a solid anthropological foundation for these five streams of narrative. The author uses examples from diverse cultures, eras, and media to demonstrate the occurrence of overlapping and blending between the streams.
Nostalgia not only played a decisive role in the outcome of the 2016 Brexit referendum – where it was most pointedly expressed in the infamous slogan ‘Take Back Control’ – but also shapes current ...British politics, culture, and society at large. The present monograph provides the first comprehensive critical analysis of this recent ubiquity of nostalgia from a British Cultural Studies perspective. Central to its newly developed narratological approach is the concept of the contemporary ‘master narrative of nostalgia’, the prevailing means of national self-assertion in Brexit Britain through which the dominant notions of British history and national identity are currently constructed. After discussing the master narrative’s most important nostalgic tropes found in recent political rhetoric, the main part of the study then analyses the ways in which contemporary fiction from different media (literature, film, TV) engages and interrelates with the master narrative of nostalgia. The six case studies focus on historical fiction about the Second World War and the end of the British Raj, as well as on novels from the so-called ‘BrexLit’ genre responding to the outcome of the 2016 EU referendum.
Robert Walser, Franz Kafka und Theodor Fontane verfolgen in ihrer Auseinandersetzung mit dem Ordnungsproblem der Moderne ein genuin prekäres Erzählen.Versucht Fontanes Der Stechlin kurz vor der ...Jahrhundertwende die subtile Ambivalenz im Roman mittels Erzählen in ihre Schranken zu weisen, so befreit Walser das Erzählen regelrecht: In digressiven und performativen Verfahren, der Überblendung von widersprüchlichen Ordnungsmustern potenziert sich das Ordnungsproblem. Kafka schließlich führt in der späten fragmentarischen Erzählung Der Bau vor, wie jegliche Differenzierung in sich zusammenfällt und das Erzählen in einer paradoxen Wendung seine eigene Unmöglichkeit darstellt. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht diese drei prototypischen Formen eines prekären Erzählens mit aktuellen narratologischen Konzepten.
Abstract In diesem Artikel wird der funktionale Aspekt unzuverlässigen Erzählens aus theoretischer und methodologischer Perspektive untersucht. Dabei geht es zum einen darum, die Rolle der Funktion ...im Rahmen der Definition zu analysieren und die Herausforderungen
sowie die Vor- und Nachteile einer funktionalistischen Definition zu erörtern. Zum anderen wird die Rolle der Funktion im Kontext der Diagnose unzuverlässigen Erzählens untersucht, wobei die Relation zwischen (expliziten) Textmerkmalen, Funktion und Werkbedeutung im Rahmen
einer exemplarischen Analyse des Romans Zornfried von Jörg-Uwe Albig im Fokus steht.This article examines the functional aspect of unreliable narration from a theoretical and methodological perspective. This includes, on the one hand, a discussion of the role of functions in
the Definition of unreliability which addresses the challenges as well as the advantages and disadvantages of a functionalist definition. On the other hand, the role of function in the context of the diagnosis/attribution of unreliable narration is subject to analysis. Here,
the relation between (explicit) textual features, function, and work meaning is the focus of an exemplary analysis of the novel Zornfried by Jörg-Uwe Albig.
Abstract Der Beitrag untersucht die potenziell unzuverlässige Erzählweise von Wolfgang Herrndorfs Roman Sand. Dabei werden signifikante Abweichungen von der textevozierten Leseerwartung, die u. a. ...auf Rezeptionskonventionen der Kriminalliteratur aufbaut,
als Indizien für mimetische Unzuverlässigkeit gelesen. Obwohl der Grad erzählerischer Unzuverlässigkeit stark interpretationsabhängig bleibt, wird deutlich, dass diese im Werk hauptsächlich autoreferenzielle Funktionen übernimmt.This article examines
the potential unreliable narration in Wolfgang Herrndorf's novel Sand. In doing so, the significant discrepancies from the reader's expectation, which among other things builds on the conventional reception of crime fiction, are read as indication for a mimetic unreliability.
While the degree in which the narrative is seen as unreliable heavily depends on the interpretation, it becomes apparent that this untrustworthiness primarily takes on a self-referential role.
Abstract Der Aufsatz verfolgt zwei Ziele. Zunächst gilt es, die hier als ,narrativer Sonderfall' bezeichnete Autofiktion unter dem Gesichtspunkt des ,unzuverlässigen Erzählens' zu analysieren und ...theoretisch zu rahmen. Anschließend
wird im Sinne einer ,case study' nach der konkreten Funktion unzuverlässiger Erzählstrukturen - nach der Stellung innerhalb der literarischen Komposition sowie nach dem Effekt dieser auf den Rezipienten - in einem einschlägigen Text autofiktionaler Gegenwartsliteratur
gefragt, nämlich Thomas Glavinics Text Das bin doch ich. Diese Funktion wird im Sinne der Generierung eines Fremdheitseffekts behandelt und am Text in seiner Tiefenwirkung besprochen.The article has two objectives. Firstly, it will be necessary to analyse and theoretically
frame autofiction - here referred to as a ,special case for narratology - from the point of view of ,unreliable narration'. Subsequently, in the sense of a ,case study', the concrete function of unreliable narrative structures - their position
within the literary composition, as well as their effect on the recipient - will be examined in a relevant text of contemporary autofiction literature, namely Thomas Glavinic's text Das bin doch ich. This function will be outlined as a means to generate an effect of alienation
and will be discussed in depth in the text.
We connected theory and research on narrative persuasion to the literature on social robots and examined the effects of a robotic storyteller's facial expressions. The congruency between the ...emotional arc of a story and the facial expressions of the robot was of particular interest. In a lab experiment, participants were confronted with a storytelling robot who displayed emotions that were congruent or incongruent with the events unfolding in the story or it displayed no emotions. Affect congruency increased participants' transportation in the story world, led to more positive evaluations of the robot, and increased the likelihood of choosing a product that was advertised in the story. Although the robot's voice was held constant in all three conditions, congruent facial expressions led to the illusion of a more congruent intonation by the robot.
•A robotic storyteller's facial expressions were manipulated.•Story-congruent expressions were compared to story-incongruent or no expressions.•Congruent expressions yielded more transportation and story-consistent behavior.•An illusory intonation effect was observed.
