Estonia is perhaps the only country in Europe that lacks a comprehensive history of its Jewish minority. Spanning over 150 years of Estonian Jewish history, On the Margins fills this lacuna. ...Rebuilding a life beyond so-called Pale of Jewish Settlement, the Jewish cultural autonomy in interwar Estonia, and the trauma of Soviet occupation of 1940–41 are but few issues addressed in the book. Most profoundly, the book wrestles with the subject of the Holocaust and its legacy in Estonia. Specifically, it examines the quasi-legal system of murder instituted in Nazi-occupied Estonia, confiscation of Jewish property, and Jewish forced labor camps. One the Margins develops an analysis of the causes of collaboration in the Holocaust and explains the dynamics of war crimes trials in the Soviet Union since the 1960s and so-called denaturalization trials in the United States in the 1980s. The haunting memory of Soviet and Nazi rule, the book concludes, prevents a larger segment of the Estonian population today from facing up to the Holocaust and the universal message that it carries.
Raspad SSSR-a i Jugoslavije proizveo je 22 nove nacionalne države. Nove države državljanstvom uređuju odnose između individue i zajednice; pritom vlade mnogih država ostavljaju stotine tisuća ljudi ...bez državljanstva, bez osnovne legalne zaštite. Tko pripada, a tko je isključen, kako i zašto iz političke zajednice novih država, temeljno je pitanje rada. Na ta pitanja pokušava se odgovoriti teorijski i analizom slučajeva Estonije, Latvije, Litve, Slovenije i Hrvatske. Rad prati nastanak i promjenu državljanskih zakona i politika te njihovu prilagodbu Europskoj uniji. Inicijalna dodjela državljanstva u svim je promatranim državama prioritet dala etničkom identitetu i time oblikovala kategoriju »isključenih«. Promjene »iznuđuje« Europska unija, a države reagiraju sličnim politikama uključivanja – manjina i imigranata – s varijantama koje ne ugrožavaju temeljne standarde EU-a. Međutim, usprkos očekivanju, samo članstvo u EU nije značajno utjecalo na politiku prema »drugima«, zaključuje autorica te navodi primjere »otvorenih pitanja« za svaku promatranu državu.
U članku se uspoređuju politike povijesti Drugoga svjetskog rata u Estoniji i Hrvatskoj poslije državnog osamostaljenja. Pokazujući kako su estonski i hrvatski nacionalno-integracijski procesi ...dominantno bili obilježeni "potragom" za samostalnom državom, temeljna je teza članka da revizionističko sjećanje na estonske i hrvatske osovinske borce kao na "borce za naciju i državu" opstaje zbog isklju- čivog shvaćanja Sovjetskog Saveza i Jugoslavije kao velikoruske odnosno velikosrpske "tamnice" estonskoga i hrvatskog naroda. Iako službeno sjećanje u objema zemljama ističe europsko antifašističko nasljeđe, oklijevanje vlasti u odmicanju od ekskluzivističkih državotvornih politika povijesti potiče pozitivnu interpretaciju estonskoga i hrvatskog fašizma. Autori zaključno prikazuju razlike među dvjema zemljama te upućuju na pogubnost aktualnih europskih politika spram totalitarizma kao obrasca suočavanja s Drugim svjetskim ratom, a koje Estoniju i Hrvatsku još više udaljuju od suočavanja s prošlošću.
Located within the forgotten half of Europe, historically trapped between Germany and Russia, Estonia has been profoundly shaped by the violent conflicts and shifting political fortunes of the last ...century. This innovative study traces the tangled interaction of Estonian historical memory and national identity in a sweeping analysis extending from the Great War to the present day. At its heart is the enduring anguish of World War Two and the subsequent half-century of Soviet rule. Shadowlands tells this story by foregrounding the experiences of the country's intellectuals, who were instrumental in sustaining Estonian historical memory, but who until fairly recently could not openly grapple with their nation's complex, difficult past.
In The Estonian Straits Alexander Lott establishes the interrelations between the main legal categories of straits and provides legal classifications for the Viro Strait, the Irbe Strait and the Sea ...of Straits in the north-eastern part of the Baltic Sea.
This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Estonia covers its history through a chronology, an introductory essay, glossary, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has ...over 300 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture.
This study presents the outcome of a Track II dialogue on the threats and challenges facing NATO's eastern flank in light of Russia's aggressive behavior toward its neighbors.
Estonian ambassador August Torma had a protracted and unconventional relationship with the British Foreign Office. Appointed to the Court of St James's in 1934, Torma lost his government in 1940 when ...the Soviet Union overran his country, but continued to live at the legation in London and visit the Foreign Office. Gradually, however, his diplomatic standing was eroded because of Soviet demands. For Torma there was the very real fear that Britain might recognise the Soviet occupation of his homeland and he continued to reiterate his faith in international law in the hope that Estonia's stolen independence would be restored one day. He died in 1971, twenty years before the country regained its lost freedom. This book is a biography of Torma who had a remarkable life: he assisted in the creation of the Estonian state in 1918-20, worked for it during the inter-war period and struggled to keep its cause alive during and after the Second World War; it is also a study of the awkward relationship between the ambassador and the Foreign Office that lasted for more than three decades.
This anthology contains 25 selected life stories collected from Estonians who lived through the tribulations of the 20 century, and describe the travails of ordinary people under numerous regimes. ...The autobiographical accounts provide authentic perspectives on events of this period, where time is placed in the context of life-spans, and subjects grounded in personal experience. Most of the life stories reveal sufferings under foreign (Russian) oppression.
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