The purpose of the article is to analyze the question regarding the admissibility of illicit means of evidence in civil proceedings based on the 2015 Code paradigm, seeking to identify to what extent ...the normative diploma changed the dynamics of such institute. The descriptiveexploratory method was adopted through bibliographic review on the fundamental character of the right to the proof; the classic and contemporary trends on the concept and admissibility of illicit evidence and the proper reasoning for decisions on the matter, further investigating the contribution of the weighting technique brought by art.489, section 2 of CPC / 2015 to its implementation. Keywords: Civil Procedure. Illegal means of evidence. Admissibility. Rationale. Consideration technique. O artigo tem por finalidade a analise da questao referente a admissibilidade dos meios de prova ilicitos no processo civil a partir do paradigma do Codigo de 2015, buscando identificar em que medida o diploma normativo alterou a dinamica de tal instituto. Adotou-se o metodo descritivo-exploratorio por meio de revisao bibliografica sobre o carater fundamental do direito a prova; as correntes classicas e contemporaneas sobre o conceito e admissibilidade da prova ilicita e a fundamentacao idonea das decisoes sobre a materia, investigando-se ademais a contribuicao da tecnica de ponderacao trazida pelo art.489, section 2 do CPC/2015 para sua concretizacao. Palavras-chave: Processo Civil; Prova ilicita; Admissibilidade; Fundamentacao; Ponderacao.
En el presente artículo se pretende utilizar el fútbol, y en especial la incorporación de asistencia de video en la toma de decisiones en juego, como herramienta para explicar las ideas básicas de la ...teoría de la prueba en el derecho. Dentro de lo que se trata, se incluyen los momentos de la actividad probatoria, el objeto de prueba y los estándares y cargas probatorias, así como la legitimación y la iniciativa para la verificación de supuesto fáctico. Se presenta como una forma de relacionar contenidos teóricos del derecho probatorio y la epistemología jurídica en el contexto de deportes masivos, en que su utilización parece más cercana a quienes inician su estudio de la evidencia desde una perspectiva teórica.
O Brasil registra, nos últimos anos, aumento significativo da taxa de incidência de indivíduos diagnosticados com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Esse fenômeno vem acompanhado do crescente ...número de políticas inclusivas e de cartilhas para educadores e agentes de saúde, com vistas a orientar sobre práticas interventivas que garantam a educação/tratamento desses indivíduos em contextos escolares e não escolares. Seguindo-se a metodologia de pesquisa de revisão sistemática da literatura, associada à pesquisa documental, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar documentos consultivos, disseminadas pelo Ministério da Saúde e da Educação, que abordam práticas interventivas para indivíduos com TEA, publicados nos últimos 20 anos. Os resultados da análise dos 6 documentos identificados sustentam que a conceituação do transtorno, as práticas sugeridas e a definição do perfil profissional dos que atendem essa população nem sempre se alinham aos protocolos empiricamente validados. Alternativas para a produção, disseminação e aprimoramento de Práticas Baseadas em Evidências (PBE) para educandos com TEA são discutidas.
Although first applied in the medical sciences in the 1970s, systematic reviews have been recently, and increasingly, used in the field of international development to examine the impacts of a range ...of development and humanitarian interventions. However, to date, there has been only limited critical reflection on their application within this field. Drawing on the authors' first-hand experiences of conducting eight systematic reviews, this article reflects upon the use of systematic reviews in international development research. It is concluded that although using systematic review principles can help researchers improve the rigour and breadth of literature reviews, conducting a full systematic review is a resource-intensive process which involves a number of practical challenges. Further, it raises a series of fundamental concerns for those working in international development, as well as the social sciences more broadly. Ultimately, systematic reviews should be viewed as a means to finding a robust and sensible answer to a focused research question, but not as an end in themselves.
Real-world data (RWD) continue to emerge as a new source of clinical evidence. Although the best-known use case of RWD has been in drug regulation, RWD are being generated and used by many other ...parties, including biopharmaceutical companies, payors, clinical researchers, providers, and patients. In this Review, we describe 21 potential uses for RWD across the spectrum of health care. We also discuss important challenges and limitations relevant to the translation of these data into evidence.
Los vastos paisajes cordilleranos, con sus altas montañas, lejos de ser considerados como obstáculos o lugares inaccesibles, fueron la morada de deidades, conformando una territorialidad simbólica e ...ideológica con una fuerte presencia material y cultural en los paisajes. During the process of territorial expansion of the Incas, the road systems played an essential structural role by shaping a type of spatial continuity through built infrastructure, which started in the capital of Tawantinsuyu and spread to distant peripheries. ...a little more than two hundred mountains with archaeological evidence have been studied in the Andes and other neighboring mountain ranges. Here, we present an extensive list of mountains with roads in an attempt to establish some archaeological and spatial indicators of these particular paths, built in some of the most extreme environments in the world.
El presente trabajo propone, a través de una comparación entre el sistema jurídico argentino y español, evidenciar la insuficiencia de la indemnización como régimen de tutela de un trabajador ...despedido injustificadamente toda vez que esta; no solo no protege ni repara integralmente los daños causados; si no que además no se corresponde con el sistema de derecho internacional de los derechos humanos reconocido en las Constituciones Nacionales de ambos países. De acuerdo al objetivo propuesto, la metodología escogida será fundamentalmente analítica porque está dirigida a realizar un análisis jurídico de diferentes posturas doctrinarias y de legislación nacional e internacional del trabajo, las cuales constituirán nuestra principal fuente de información. Palabras clave: Despido injustificado; indemnización; Derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. The present paper propuse, through a comparison between the Argentine and Spanish legal system, evidence the inadequacy of the compensation provided by law, as a system of guardianship of unjustifiably dismissed worker since, this not only does not protect and fully repair the damages caused; otherwise, it does not correspond to the international rights law system. According with the aim proposed, the methodology choosen will be mostly analytical because is going to analyze different doctrine positions and national and international labour regulations, which be the main source of information. Keywords: Unjustified dismissal; compensation; International Law of human rights.
O presente artigo procura desenvolver uma análise descritiva e crítica sobre a situação do instituto da prova de direito estrangeiro e seu tratamento no art.376 CPC, procurando comprovar a hipótese ...de que a manutenção da redação do revogado art.337 CPC/73 causa uma estagnação na matéria não compatível com a dinâmica. Com este escopo, o estudo se divide na compreensão da natureza processual do Direito estrangeiro e o significado do termo “prova” quando associado àquele; e, posteriormente, analisa-se como essa natureza influenciou na fórmula legislativa que hoje ainda se manifesta no art.376 CPC, em especial, nas na estagnação da legislação brasileira sobre a matéria.
Meta-analysis has been widely used to synthesize evidence from multiple studies for common hypotheses or parameters of interest. However, it has not yet been fully developed for incorporating ...heterogeneous studies, which arise often in applications due to different study designs, populations, or outcomes. For heterogeneous studies, the parameter of interest may not be estimable for certain studies, and in such a case, these studies are typically excluded from conventional meta-analysis. The exclusion of part of the studies can lead to a nonnegligible loss of information. This article introduces a meta-analysis for heterogeneous studies by combining the confidence density functions derived from the summary statistics of individual studies, hence referred to as the CD approach. It includes all the studies in the analysis and makes use of all information, direct as well as indirect. Under a general likelihood inference framework, this new approach is shown to have several desirable properties, including: (i) it is asymptotically as efficient as the maximum likelihood approach using individual participant data (IPD) from all studies; (ii) unlike the IPD analysis, it suffices to use summary statistics to carry out the CD approach. Individual-level data are not required; and (iii) it is robust against misspecification of the working covariance structure of parameter estimates. Besides its own theoretical significance, the last property also substantially broadens the applicability of the CD approach. All the properties of the CD approach are further confirmed by data simulated from a randomized clinical trials setting as well as by real data on aircraft landing performance. Overall, one obtains a unifying approach for combining summary statistics, subsuming many of the existing meta-analysis methods as special cases.
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