Key points
Critical power represents an important threshold for neuromuscular fatigue development and may, therefore, dictate intensities for which exercise tolerance is determined by the magnitude ...of fatigue accrued.
Peripheral fatigue appears to be constant across O2 delivery conditions for large muscle mass exercise, but this consistency is equivocal for smaller muscle mass exercise.
We sought to determine the influence of blood flow occlusion during handgrip exercise on neuromuscular fatigue development and to examine the relationship between neuromuscular fatigue development and W ′.
Blood flow occlusion influenced the development of both peripheral and central fatigue, thus providing further evidence that the magnitude of peripheral fatigue is not constant across O2 delivery conditions for small muscle mass exercise.
W ′ appears to be related to the magnitude of fatigue accrued during exercise, which may explain the reported consistency of intramuscular metabolic perturbations and work performed for severe‐intensity exercise.
The influence of the muscle metabolic milieu on peripheral and central fatigue is currently unclear. Moreover, the relationships between peripheral and central fatigue and the curvature constant (W ′) have not been investigated. Six men (age: 25 ± 4 years, body mass: 82 ± 10 kg, height: 179 ± 4 cm) completed four constant power handgrip tests to exhaustion under conditions of control exercise (Con), blood flow occlusion exercise (Occ), Con with 5 min post‐exercise blood flow occlusion (Con + Occ), and Occ with 5 min post‐exercise blood flow occlusion (Occ + Occ). Neuromuscular fatigue measurements and W ′ were obtained for each subject. Each trial resulted in significant peripheral and central fatigue. Significantly greater peripheral (79.7 ± 5.1% vs. 22.7 ± 6.0%) and central (42.6 ± 3.9% vs. 4.9 ± 2.0%) fatigue occurred for Occ than for Con. In addition, significantly greater peripheral (83.0 ± 4.2% vs. 69.0 ± 6.2%) and central (65.5 ± 14.6% vs. 18.6 ± 4.1%) fatigue occurred for Occ + Occ than for Con + Occ. W ′ was significantly related to the magnitude of global (r = 0.91) and peripheral (r = 0.83) fatigue. The current findings demonstrate that blood flow occlusion exacerbated the development of both peripheral and central fatigue and that post‐exercise blood flow occlusion prevented the recovery of both peripheral and central fatigue. Moreover, the current findings suggest that W ′ may be determined by the magnitude of fatigue accrued during exercise.
Salivary diagnostics offers an easy, inexpensive, painless, and stress free approach to disease detection. The many advantages of saliva as a clinical tool over serum and tissues are non-invasive ...collection of samples, good cooperation with patients, cost effectiveness, easy storage and transportation, greater sensitivity, and correlation with levels in blood. Promising new technologies have unveiled large numbers of medically valuable salivary biomarkers for different disease conditions including cancer, autoimmune, viral, bacterial, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Advances in saliva based systems biology has also contributed towards identification of several biomarkers, and other sensitive analytical techniques. However, there is lacuna in relation to standardization of pre-analytical and analytical variables, such as collection and storage methods, circadian variation, sample recovery, accurate choice of collection methods (stimulated or unstimulated), prevention of sample contamination and analytical procedures. Stimulated saliva may be collected through gustatory stimulation, mastication or citric acid use. Unstimulated Saliva can be collected by passive drool directly into plastic tubes. Passive collection is the most recommended method for most analytes. Several physiological factors (e.g. mastication, psychological stress, physical exercise etc.) affect various salivary parameters. Fasting saliva sample is generally preferred as some of its components are influenced by circadian rhythm. Saliva is a hypotonic fluid compared to plasma, some components are found in lower (sodium, magnesium, chloride), higher (potassium, calcium, phosphate) and similar concentrations. Salivary flow rate, composition and protein concentration varies amongst individuals depending on factors such as age, sample processing, preservation. The present study was designed in GGS Medical College Faridkot, a tertiary care hospital to make protocols for analysing routine biochemical parameters in saliva to enhance the utility of this biological matrix. Two hundred healthy participants were enrolled for the study. Both stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples were assessed to define analytical procedure and reference values of various biochemical parameters.
La actividad física se considera de vital importancia para mantener un estado de salud óptimo en los diferentes campos integrales del ser humano. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este estudio es ...analizar los beneficios en la relación entre la actividad física y el bienestar psicológico en los adultos mayores en áreas rurales. Métodos: se utilizó un muestreo intencional mediante instrumentos de autopercepción puerta a puerta (encuesta) en el hogar de cada uno de los participantes (n = 96), aplicando el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física versión corta (IPAQ-S) y el índice de bienestar psicológico (PGWB-S). Los resultados muestran un efecto positivo entre niveles más altos de actividad física en las dimensiones psicológicas de los encuestados determinadas por un mayor tamaño de efecto (ES: >0.8). Concluimos que los adultos mayores que tienen niveles más altos de actividad física tienden a mejorar los niveles de bienestar psicológico, especialmente en las dimensiones de bienestar positivo y salud general auto-percibida.
Palabras claves: adultos mayores, angustia, ansiedad, movilidad corporal, calidad de vida.
Abstract. Physical activity is considered of vital importance for maintaining an optimal health status in the different facets of humans. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the benefits of the relationship between physical activity and psychological well-being in the elderly in rural areas. Methods: an intentional sampling method was used by means of face-to-face self-perception instruments (survey) at the home of each of the participants (n = 96), through the application of the international physical activity questionnaire short version (IPAQ-S), and the psychological well-being index (PGWB-S). The results showed a positive effect between higher levels of physical activity in the psychological dimensions of the respondents, determined by a greater effect size (ES: >0.8). We concluded that the elderly who have higher levels of physical activity tend to improve their levels of psychological well-being, especially in the dimensions of positive well-being and self-perceived general health.
keywords: the elderly, distress, anxiety, body mobility, quality of life.
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction update—2016 Weiler, John M., MD; Brannan, John D., PhD; Randolph, Christopher C., MD ...
Journal of allergy and clinical immunology,
11/2016, Letnik:
138, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The first practice parameter on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) was published in 2010. This updated practice parameter was prepared 5 years later. In the ensuing years, there has been ...increased understanding of the pathogenesis of EIB and improved diagnosis of this disorder by using objective testing. At the time of this publication, observations included the following: dry powder mannitol for inhalation as a bronchial provocation test is FDA approved however not currently available in the United States; if baseline pulmonary function test results are normal to near normal (before and after bronchodilator) in a person with suspected EIB, then further testing should be performed by using standardized exercise challenge or eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH); and the efficacy of nonpharmaceutical interventions (omega-3 fatty acids) has been challenged. The workgroup preparing this practice parameter updated contemporary practice guidelines based on a current systematic literature review. The group obtained supplementary literature and consensus expert opinions when the published literature was insufficient. A search of the medical literature on PubMed was conducted, and search terms included pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapy (both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical) of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction or exercise-induced asthma (which is no longer a preferred term); asthma; and exercise and asthma. References assessed as relevant to the topic were evaluated to search for additional relevant references. Published clinical studies were appraised by category of evidence and used to document the strength of the recommendation. The parameter was then evaluated by Joint Task Force reviewers and then by reviewers assigned by the parent organizations, as well as the general membership. Based on this process, the parameter can be characterized as an evidence- and consensus-based document.
Los objetivos fueron examinar el impacto de los descansos activos (DA) en la actividad física (AF) de estudiantes de 2º de primaria durante las clases, el recreo y el horario extraescolar, y analizar ...posibles compensaciones durante el día. Participaron 46 escolares (28 niñas) de 7-8 años. Se realizó un diseño cuasi-experimental con medidas pretest y postest. El grupo experimental (n=22) recibió un programa diseñado por docentes y estudiantes. La AF se registró mediante acelerometría. Las ANOVAs de medidas repetidas mostraron efectos significativas en AFMV y AF muy vigorosa a favor del grupo experimental. El grupo experimental incrementó 14’17”/día de AFMV y 2’01”/día de AF muy vigorosa. En este grupo también se produjo un descenso de AFMV durante los recreos de 6’54”/sem y se redujo el tiempo de actividad sedentaria durante las clases en 73’30”/sem. Implicar al docente y alumnado en el diseño de DA puede aumentar la AF del alumnado.
Los objetivos del estudio fueron describir las propiedades estructurales y mecánicas de los tendones rotuliano y de Aquiles en jugadores senior (>35 años) de bádminton y detectar posibles asimetrías ...entre el lado dominante y no dominante. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 206 jugadores senior de bádminton (Edad: 52.2±9.6 años) que participaron en el campeonato de Europa Senior en 2018. Se evaluaron las propiedades estructurales (grosor, anchura y área de sección transversal) por medio de un ecógrafo Logiq® S8 y las propiedades mecánicas (elasticidad, tono, rigidez e índice de elastografía) con miotonometría y sonoelastografía de los tendones rotuliano y de Aquiles. Los resultados mostraron que fueron mayores el grosor (5.34±19.90%, p = 0.027) y la anchura (1.57±8.52%, p=0.036) en el tendón de Aquiles no dominante mientras que el tendón rotuliano dominante mostró unos valores mayores para el tono (2.09±12.96%, p=0.002) y para la rigidez (4.41±21.11%, p=0.002) respecto al no dominante.
PDF
