Azo dyes as widely applied food colorants are popular for their stability and affordability. On the other hand, many of these dyes can have harmful impacts on living organs, which underscores the ...need to control the content of this group of dyes in food. Among the various analytical approaches for detecting the azo dyes, special attention has been paid to electro-analytical techniques for reasons such as admirable sensitivity, excellent selectivity, reproducibility, miniaturization, green nature, low cost, less time to prepare and detect of specimens and the ability to modify the electrode. Satisfactory results have been obtained so far for carbon-based nanomaterials in the fabrication of electrochemical sensing systems in detecting the levels of these materials in various specimens. The purpose of this review article is to investigate carbon nanomaterial-supported techniques for electrochemical sensing systems on the analysis of azo dyes in food samples in terms of carbon nanomaterials used, like carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene (Gr).
Hyperspectral imaging was exploited for its potential in direct and fast determination of Pseudomonas loads in raw chicken breast fillets. A line-scan hyperspectral imaging system (900–1700nm) was ...employed to obtain sample images, which were then further corrected, modified and processed. The prepared images were correlated with the true Pseudomonas counts of these samples using partial least squares (PLS) regression. To enhance model performance, different spectral extraction approaches, spectral preprocessing methods as well as wavelength selection schemes based on genetic algorithm were investigated. The results revealed that extraction of mean spectra is more efficient for representation of sample spectra than computation of median spectra. The best full wavelength model was attained based on spectral images preprocessed with standard normal variate, and the correlation coefficients (R) and root mean squared errors (RMSEs) for the model were above 0.81 and below 0.80log10CFUg−1, respectively. In development of simplified models, wavelengths were selected by using a proposed two-step method based on genetic algorithm. The best model utilized only 14 bands in five segments and produced R and RMSEs of 0.91 and 0.55log10CFUg−1, 0.87 and 0.65log10CFUg−1 as well as 0.88 and 0.64log10CFUg−1 for calibration, cross-validation and prediction, respectively. Moreover, the prediction maps offered a novel way for visualizing the gradient of Pseudomonas loads on meat surface. Hyperspectral imaging is demonstrated to be an effective tool for nondestructive measurement of Pseudomonas in raw chicken breast fillets.
► Hyperspectral imaging was used to detect Pseudomonas loads in chicken fillets. ► Different spectral extraction and preprocessing methods were compared. ► Wavelengths were selected by a proposed scheme based on genetic algorithm. ► PLS models using full and selected wavelengths were established and validated. ► Pseudomonas loads were successfully visualized in prediction maps.
•Nonlinear correlation between thiabendazole (TBZ) and SERS data was diagnosed.•ACO-ELM, UVE-ELM and CARS-ELM were comparatively investigated for TBZ detection.•CARS-ELM model achieved optimum ...results when principal component was 7.•The recoveries of TBZ in spiked apple were ranged from 83.02 to 93.54%.•A robust SERS-based method for TBZ was developed with a LOD of 0.001 mg/L.
Thiabendazole (TBZ) is extensively used in agriculture to control molds; residue of TBZ may pose a threat to humans. Herein, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled variable selected regression methods have been proposed as simple and rapid TBZ quantification technique. The nonlinear correlation between the TBZ and SERS data was first diagnosed by augmented partial residual plots method and calculated by runs test. Au@Ag NPs with strong enhancement factor (EF = 4.07 × 106) of Raman signal was used as SERS active material to collect spectra from TBZ. Subsequently, three nonlinear regression models were comparatively investigated and the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling-extreme learning machine (CARS-ELM) achieved a higher correlation coefficient (Rp2 = 0.9406) and the lower root-mean-square-error of prediction (RMSEP = 0.5233 mg/L). Finally, recoveries of TBZ in apple samples were 83.02–93.54% with relative standard deviation (RSD) value < 10%. Therefore, SERS coupled CARS-ELM could be employed as a rapid and sensitive approach for TBZ detection in Fuji apples.
•A 2D Au@Ag nanodot array was constructed at the biphase system for SERS analysis.•The 2D Au@Ag nanodot array can generate vigorous electromagnetic fields.•The assay is capable of measuring ...fungicides in fruit juices with low LOD values.•SERS provides a rapid and sensitive way of detecting contaminants in foods.
The design of a novel and reliable plasmonic platform for detecting multiple chemical contaminants in the complex matrix is an exciting topic in the food industry. Herein, a high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) two-dimensional (2D) nanodot array was designed through liquid-liquid interfacial self-assembly of the core-shell nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs) and exploited for assessment of dual-fungicides in pear, apple, and orange juices. The 2D Au@Ag nanodot array delivered good uniformity and reproducibility with the substrate-to-substrate relative standard deviation values of 10.51%. This substrate could be used for detecting thiram and thiabendazole in aqueous solutions with the limit of detection of 0.0011 and 0.051 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, satisfactory recoveries ranging from 76–134% for the juices were obtained, demonstrating that the high-throughput 2D Au@Ag nanodot arrays are promising for their applications as sensitive SERS platforms for monitoring chemical contaminants in food products, especially in the beverage industry.
•·Novel 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers specific for BPA were characterized.•·The truncated aptamers exhibited high affinity and specificity against BPA.•·A simple, ultra-sensitive and label-free ...colorimetric aptasensor for BPA is achieved.•·The assay exhibited high sensitivity and specificity.•·The aptasensor was successfully applied to detect BPA in real samples.
The widespread exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) presents a significant risk to human health. A rapid, ultra-sensitive and label-free colorimetric aptasensor using high affinity truncated aptamers was developed for BPA detection. Truncated 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers specific for BPA were obtained through rationally truncation from 63-mer BPA aptamer. The dissociation constants (Kd) of 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers were determined to be 13.17 nM and 27.05 nM. Then, truncated aptamers were used in label-free colorimetric detection assays based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The limit of detections of aptasensors using 38-mer and 12-mer aptamers were 7.60 pM and 14.41 pM, which were 265-fold and 140-fold lower than that of the aptasensor using 63-mer aptamer, respectively. The recovery rates in milk, orange juice and mineralized water samples were 93.88% to 107.30%. Therefore, the developed BPA colorimetric aptasensor using truncated aptamers has great application prospects in food safety control and environmental monitoring.
Food allergy affects up to 6% of Europeans. Allergen identification is important for the risk assessment and management of the inadvertent presence of allergens in foods. The VITAL® initiative for ...voluntary incidental trace allergen labeling suggests protein reference doses, based on clinical reactivity in food challenge studies, at or below which voluntary labelling is unnecessary.
Here, we investigated if current analytical methodology could verify the published VITAL® 2.0 doses, that were available during this analysis, in serving sizes between 5 and 500 g. Available data on published and commercial ELISA, PCR and mass spectrometry methods, especially for the detection of peanuts, soy, hazelnut, wheat, cow's milk and hen's egg were reviewed in detail. Limit of detection, quantitative capability, matrix compatibility, and specificity were assessed. Implications by the recently published VITAL® 3.0 doses were also considered. We conclude that available analytical methods are capable of reasonably robust detection of peanut, soy, hazelnut and wheat allergens for levels at or below the VITAL® 2.0 and also 3.0 doses, with some methods even capable of achieving this in a large 500 g serving size. Cow's milk and hen's egg are more problematic, largely due to matrix/processing incompatibility. An unmet need remains for harmonized reporting units, available reference materials, and method ring-trials to enable validation and the provision of comparable measurement results.
•Methods that detect clinically relevant reference doses of allergens are required.•Methods: Peanuts, soy, hazelnut, wheat, cow's milk, hen's eggs reviewed in detail.•ELISA, qPCR, and MS revealed method specific advantages and limitations.•Sensitive methods for the verification of VITAL® 2.0/3.0 reference doses exist.•Comparability demands harmonized units, reference materials and method ring-trials.
Food safety is the prime area of concern that builds trust. With the prevailing advancements, it has become facile to ensure safety in almost all aspects. Technology has grown from tedious lab ...techniques to modern chromatographic techniques and immunoassays, progressed with more precise and rapid sensing through the advent of Biosensors. Biosensors provide an automated technology by presenting superfast, nondestructive and cost-effective detection in food analysis. SPR biosensor is an optical biosensor known for its versatility and has wider applications in food testing and analysis. It has an optical system for excitation and interrogation of surface plasmons, and a biomolecular recognition element to detect and seize the target analyte present in a sample. The optical signal detects the binding analyte, on the recognition element, which results in a change in refractive index at the surface and modifies the surface plasmons' propagation constant. SPR aids in label-free detection of various components such as adulterants, antibiotics, biomolecules, genetically modified foods, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, microorganisms and microbial toxins in food and assures safety. The distinct advancements of SPR in food analysis have been found and discussed. The review also provides knowledge on the advantages and the key challenges encountered by SPR.
A plant-based diet protects against chronic oxidative stress-related diseases. Dietary plants contain variable chemical families and amounts of antioxidants. It has been hypothesized that plant ...antioxidants may contribute to the beneficial health effects of dietary plants. Our objective was to develop a comprehensive food database consisting of the total antioxidant content of typical foods as well as other dietary items such as traditional medicine plants, herbs and spices and dietary supplements. This database is intended for use in a wide range of nutritional research, from in vitro and cell and animal studies, to clinical trials and nutritional epidemiological studies.
We procured samples from countries worldwide and assayed the samples for their total antioxidant content using a modified version of the FRAP assay. Results and sample information (such as country of origin, product and/or brand name) were registered for each individual food sample and constitute the Antioxidant Food Table.
The results demonstrate that there are several thousand-fold differences in antioxidant content of foods. Spices, herbs and supplements include the most antioxidant rich products in our study, some exceptionally high. Berries, fruits, nuts, chocolate, vegetables and products thereof constitute common foods and beverages with high antioxidant values.
This database is to our best knowledge the most comprehensive Antioxidant Food Database published and it shows that plant-based foods introduce significantly more antioxidants into human diet than non-plant foods. Because of the large variations observed between otherwise comparable food samples the study emphasizes the importance of using a comprehensive database combined with a detailed system for food registration in clinical and epidemiological studies. The present antioxidant database is therefore an essential research tool to further elucidate the potential health effects of phytochemical antioxidants in diet.
•QuEChERS method was modified for extraction of pharmaceuticals from vegetables.•QuEChERS method could achieve satisfactory extraction recovery and detection limit.•The performance of QuEChERS method ...was comparable to accelerated solvent extraction.•QuEChERS method successfully quantified the uptake of pharmaceuticals by vegetables.
Land application of biosolids and irrigation with reclaimed water in agricultural production could result in accumulation of pharmaceuticals in vegetable produce. To better assess the potential human health impact from long-term consumption of pharmaceutical-contaminated vegetables, it is important to accurately quantify the amount of pharmaceuticals accumulated in vegetables. In this study, a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) method was developed and optimized to extract multiple classes of pharmaceuticals from vegetables, which were subsequently quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. For the eleven target pharmaceuticals in celery and lettuce, the extraction recovery of the QuEChERS method ranged from 70.1 to 118.6% with relative standard deviation <20%, and the method detection limit was achieved at the levels of nanograms of pharmaceuticals per gram of vegetables. The results revealed that the performance of the QuEChERS method was comparable to, or better than that of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method for extraction of pharmaceuticals from plants. The two optimized extraction methods were applied to quantify the uptake of pharmaceuticals by celery and lettuce growing hydroponically. The results showed that all the eleven target pharmaceuticals could be absorbed by the vegetables from water. Compared to the ASE method, the QuEChERS method offers the advantages of short time and reduced costs of sample preparation, and less amount of organic solvents used. The established QuEChERS method could be used to determine the accumulation of multiple classes of pharmaceutical residues in vegetables and other plants, which is needed to evaluate the quality and safety of agricultural produce consumed by humans.
Food security issues at the regional level Popova, I V; Konstantinova, N A; Okladchik, S A ...
IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science,
06/2023, Letnik:
1206, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Food security is the primary task of state authorities at the present stage. It is an essential component of the representation of state independence from products import on the world stage, ...the safety of people, the increase in live standard and the health of population. The article has considered the analysis of food security level in the Irkutsk region including the analysis of the dynamics of food basic types production, the provision of the population of the Irkutsk region with foodstuffs, and the dependence of the Irkutsk region upon imported products has been also analyzed.
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