This research aims to conduct a structural analysis of the novel Dima'un Fi Qasr al-Chamra by Ehab Farouk Hosny. This novel raises an important cultural story in the history of Islamic civilization ...in Spain. It tells the story of a beautiful woman from Egypt, named Sarah, an archaeologist who researches Islamic heritage buildings both in her own country and in other countries. It tells the history of Andalusia, now Spain, starting from discovering a map buried in one of the rooms in Sultan Hasan's mosque in Cairo. The map was a secret document of the Alhambra belonging to the great scientist Al Zahrawi (Albucasis), containing a chemical composition to treat cancer. This paper has two main objectives: the practical and theoretical objectives. The realistic goal is to reveal the intrinsic and coherent elements and the interrelationship between one part and another. Meanwhile, the academic goal is to discover a secret document belonging to el-Zahrawi, a scientist, containing a cancer drug's composition. To remind readers that the discovery of personal papers, in any case, should not be announced in public because it can be dangerous and will cause various problems in obtaining certain benefits and goals. The theory used is a structural theory, which focuses on literary works viewed as a unified and integrated structure. The technical method is the structural method, which works structurally by revealing and describing the intrinsic elements in "Dima'un Fi Qashril-Chamra" by Ehab Farouk Hosny and connecting the mutual relationships between the parts. This technique uses formalism representing literary works such as character, plot, motif, theme, and language. The method used in this research is library research. Library study is a technique of collecting data and information by examining written sources such as scientific journals, reference books, literature, etc., related to this discussion. Based on its nature, this research is classified as qualitative research using descriptive analysis techniques.
The Granada Basin (Spain) is a Neogene sedimentary depression with irregular geomorphology and deep depocenters. It is located in the most seismically hazardous part of the Iberian Peninsula with an ...historically experienced extremely destructive earthquakes, followed by periods of low to moderate seismicity. In 1980s the Chevron Oil Company collected a set of 30 deep seismic reflection sections in this Basin of which only the results on paper are kept. Due to the fact that many of these seismic profiles are currently located in urban areas and the economic cost of carrying out a similar exploration, it was decided to recover these old data and apply a post-stack treatment to improve their quality. The purpose of this study is to show the applied reprocessing flow and, with the new sections, to present a spatial model of the basin. The first stage of recovery and enhacement of seismic sections has consisted in three phases: first, high-resolution scanning of paper copies to TIFF images followed by the transformation of TIFF images to SEG-Y format; second, poststack processing workflow to increasing resolution and lateral coherence of these seismic lines; and third, it has been used a machine learning algorithm, among others, increasing the spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and coherence of the seismic signals. In addition, basement horizons, as well as three sedimentary sequences, were identified in all seismic sections and interpolated to create a three-dimensional basement model composed by normal faults, horst and grabens related to the seismotectonic behavior of the basin. As an overall assessment, this work is an example of the usefulness of ‘recycling’ legacy seismic data, which nowadays are usually in archived boxes, but at the time required a great economic and acquisition effort.
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•Reprocessing of old seismic sections using Machine Learning within the workflow processing.•Updating basement model from reprocessing legacy seismic sections.•The velocity model has been updated to show changes in depocenters depth, such as Cubillas, 300 m deeper.
Este artículo de investigación aborda, a partir de fuentes primarias, la olvidada Peste general en el Nuevo Reino de Granada en 1633, que contrasta con fuentes clásicas de la historia de la medicina ...y la demografía histórica. Se trató de la confluencia de dos epidemias, una de viruela, que afectó la población infantil y otra, en Suelo virgen, de tifus exantemático o tabardillo, transmitida por piojos, frecuentes en las tierras altas del altiplano, que afectó primero a la población rural de los pueblos de indios, sobre todo adulta, y luego a la población de Santafé y Tunja, provocando una crisis sanitaria, social y económica que marcó el colapso definitivo de la población indígena, afectando las minas, la agricultura y el comercio; acompañada por una crisis política entre el presidente de la Real Audiencia y el arzobispo, vista como castigo divino. Contra la epidemia se empleó por segunda vez la Virgen de Chiquinquirá en Tunja y Santafé. Evidencian las fuentes, que la sequía, el despoblamiento y la hambruna acompañaron la epidemia y entre sus consecuencias están la llegada de los hermanos de Juan de Dios a administrar los hospitales y la primera cátedra de medicina en el Nuevo Reino de Granada.
En este artículo indagamos sobre la emergencia del concepto Estado en España y el Nuevo Reino de Granada en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. Buscamos dar cuenta de su aparición como novedad de ...gobierno, presentando primero una arqueología del concepto, clarificando su alcance, uso y otras particularidades inherentes a su aplicación. Por otro lado, a partir del análisis de la obra del misionero capuchino fray Joaquín de Finestrad, quien escribió el texto titulado El Vasallo Instruido, una obra critica de la revolución de los comuneros de 1781, y unos documentos que reposan en el Archivo General de la Nación, pretendemos mostrar la circulación y apropiación de la noción Estado en espacios acotados del Nuevo Reino de Granada. Todo esto para demostrar que la categoría circuló, gracias a diversos actores, estatales o ilustrados, a ambos lados del mundo atlántico, convirtiéndose en una novedad intelectual que tuvo implicaciones prácticas en la vida de los vasallos.
In the southeastern area of the Neogene-Quaternary Granada Basin, ∼E–W trending normal faults crosscut ∼80 m-thick clay-bearing conglomerates and ∼30–40 m-thick carbonate grainstones containing ...centimeter-thick microconglomerate and sand interbeds. Three fundamental failure modes took place during fault nucleation: (1) phyllosilicate shear banding in the conglomerates, (2) jointing, mainly in the carbonate grainstones and (3) pressure solution in the carbonate matrix and grains of the microconglomerate and sand interbeds. Within the conglomerates, normal faults developed by pronounced clay smearing and, ultimately, cataclasis. Jointing also occurred within some of the pebbles surrounding the cataclastic rocks. In contrast, in the carbonate grainstones fault growth was characterized by predominant jointing and rock fragmentation, which localized in the extensional quadrants and/or releasing jogs of the evolving slip surfaces. Brecciation and cataclasis occurred only around the well-developed slip surfaces. Based upon their inner structure, we qualitatively assign a combined barrier-conduit fluid behavior to the tens of meters-throw normal faults juxtaposing the conglomerates against the carbonate grainstones. The inner fault cores inhibit fault-orthogonal fluid flow along their entire length. Instead, fault damage zones act as fluid barriers in the conglomerates, and as composite fluid conduits in the carbonate grainstones.
► Integrated field and laboratory analyses. ► Contrasting faulting processes across multi-layered rocks. ► Lithology and fault slip are the main factors controlling the hydraulic behavior of fault damage zones.
