Investigations of an Early Iron Age Siege 2 V. Szabó, Gábor; Mogyorós, Péter; Bíró, Péter ...
Dissertationes archaeologicae ex Instituto Archaeologico Universitatis de Rolando Eötvös Nominatae.,
03/2024, Letnik:
3, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A research team of the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University continued the fieldwork between 1 September 2022 and 31 December 2023 on two Early and Middle Iron Age ...sites, Dédestapolcsány-Verebce-bérc and Dédestapolcsány-Várerdő, in the frame of a project investigating Early Iron Age crises. New excavation trenches were opened at the fortified settlement in the north of the Bükk Mountains (Northern Hungary). One was an extension of a trench opened in 2022, where remains of a burnt house had been identified. Metal detector surveys recovered some new fascinating stray metal finds (e.g., an akinakes, battle axes, and the bronze protective sheath of a sword) and new assemblages (iron tool deposits and a hoard of gold jewellery and amber beads). Eleven more graves were excavated in the cemetery (Várerdő) north of the coeval settlement. The most interesting grave was the burial of an adult man with rich grave goods such as an ironworking toolkit, pottery, and other items.
Investigations of an Early Iron Age Siege 2 Gábor V. Szabó; Péter Mogyorós; Péter Bíró ...
Dissertationes archaeologicae ex Instituto Archaeologico Universitatis de Rolando Eötvös Nominatae.,
03/2024, Letnik:
3, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A research team of the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University continued the fieldwork between 1 September 2022 and 31 December 2023 on two Early and Middle Iron Age ...sites, Dédestapolcsány-Verebce-bérc and Dédestapolcsány-Várerdő, in the frame of a project investigating Early Iron Age crises. New excavation trenches were opened at the fortified settlement in the north of the Bükk Mountains (Northern Hungary). One was an extension of a trench opened in 2022, where remains of a burnt house had been identified. Metal detector surveys recovered some new fascinating stray metal finds (e.g., an akinakes, battle axes, and the bronze protective sheath of a sword) and new assemblages (iron tool deposits and a hoard of gold jewellery and amber beads). Eleven more graves were excavated in the cemetery (Várerdő) north of the coeval settlement. The most interesting grave was the burial of an adult man with rich grave goods such as an ironworking toolkit, pottery, and other items.
Ram’s head beads are well-known items of personal adornment in the Dolenjska Hallstatt cultural group. Recent analysis has demonstrated that they are the most common zoomorphic artefacts in this ...region with 187 currently known. This article updates the list of known beads and contextualizes their significance in the Dolenjska Hallstatt cultural group. It is argued that the sheep imagery of these beads and their distribution in female graves is related to local textile production. It is proposed that beads signalled aspects of personal and economic identity for Dolenjska Hallstatt women related to the production of high-quality textiles. In addition, the distribution of these beads demonstrates Iron Age community networks on the western frontier of Dolenjska, and perhaps even reflects the movement of women between communities.
•Hoard containing the biggest set of the amber in the Czech prehistory is described.•Infrared spectroscopy suggested the origin of amber.•The Scanning electron microscopy pointed to the possible ...origin of glass beads.•The pre-deposition and post-deposition process are suggested.•The possible long-distance trade system along Amber Road is discussed.
Hoards disappeared from the regions of the “heart” of Hallstatt Europe. As for the peripheral areas, which include Moravia, the situation was different. The elite Hallstatt hoard from Bánov – “Skalky”, Uherské Hradiště District (CZ), dating to 575–550 BCE, proves that some regions did not abandon their “old Bronze-Age habits”. The hoard is among the most exclusive set of discoveries dating to the Hallstatt Period found in the Czech Republic. Its 1.500–2.000 pieces of amber beads represent the largest individual prehistoric set of amber in the Czech Republic. In the 6th century BCE, the eastern part of what is now the Czech Republic (Moravia) was the primary transit region of the Baltic amber to the Mediterranean. Extensive barter trade took place along the route of the Amber Road. Included in the Bánov hoard were exclusive women’s jewellery items which were evidently exchanged for amber. It is a set of dragon fibulae from contemporary Slovenia. This article describes the circumstances of the discovery, offers a detailed catalogue of the findings, introduces a chronological-typological analysis of the inventory and proposes the origin of the artefacts. An analysis of the composition and origin of glass by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) and of amber by IR spectrometry was carried out in this study. Chemical analysis of glass determined the colouring agents and the composition, which points to the possible origin of the analysed items. While amber corresponds to the Baltic spectrum, analysis of the glass revealed surprising findings. Most of the beads do not correspond to the expected natron glass type but to an older mixed alkali type. Furthermore, an overview of the deposition of hoards in Moravia and the methodology of studying the deposition is presented. A model of long-distance trade on the Amber Road and its chronological background are also outlined. The authors discuss the social structure, elites, long-distance trade on trade routes north of the East Hallstatt culture region, and the assumed ceremony surrounding the creation of hoards.
Zwischen der früheisenzeitlichen Kultur in Schlesien und der Hallstatt-Kultur lassen sich deutliche Verbindungen erkennen, die vor allem mittels der Erforschung von Brandgräberfriedhöfen studiert ...wurden. Demgegenüber wird im Beitrag der Versuch unternommen, das Phänomen mit Hilfe archäologisch entsprechend datierender Siedlungen zu untermauern. Die Mehrzahl der Forscher, die sich mit der Hallstatt-Kultur beschäftigen, stellen den Wandel sozialer Strukturen heraus, welcher in dieser Zeit stattfand und sich in archäologischem Material widerspiegelt. Ein analoges Phänomen kann bei mehreren Urnenfriedhöfen aus Schlesien festgestellt werden, insbesondere bei gut ausgestatteten Kammergräbern (etwa Domasław, Wrocław), aber auch innerhalb einiger Siedlungen, wie beispielsweise dem früheisenzeitlichen Fundplatz in Milejowice, Kreis Breslau, der während einer großflächigen Untersuchung entdeckt wurde. Hierbei konnten einige Gruppen von Bauwerken unterschieden wurden. Eines davon war mit monumentalen, 85 m durchmessenden, aufeinander folgenden Kreisen umgeben. Die Kreise bestanden aus zahlreichen Pfostenlöchern, die so eine palisadenartige Struktur bildeten. Im Beitrag werden außerdem Siedlungsreste analysiert, die darauf hindeuten, dass der soziale Status und der Wohlstand der Bewohner des Siedlungsareals herausragend gewesen sein muss. Die Untersuchungen ausgewählter schlesischer Fundstätten lassen den Schluss zu, dass das Gebiet kulturell als eine weitere regionale Randgruppe des Hallstattkreises betrachtet werden kann
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