This essay examines core contributions of a model of psychological well-being that has had widespread scientific impact. It drew on distant formulations to identify new dimensions and measures for ...assessing what it means to be well. Key themes among the more than 750 studies using the model are sketched, followed by reflections about why there has been so much interest in this eudaimonic approach to well-being. A final section looks to the future, proposing new directions to illuminate the forces that work against the realization of human potential as well as those that nurture human flourishing and self-realization.
Human Thriving Brown, Daniel J; Arnold, Rachel; Fletcher, David ...
European psychologist,
07/2017, Letnik:
22, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Human beings have an inherent drive for self-improvement
and growth (Maslow, 1965;
Ryan & Deci, 2002).
In a quest to understand how human beings achieve fulfillment, researchers have
sought to ...explain why some individuals thrive in certain situations, whereas
others merely survive or succumb. The topic of thriving has become popular with
scholars, resulting in a divergent body of literature and a lack of consensus on
the key processes that underpin the construct. In view of such differences, the
purpose of this paper is threefold: (i) to review a number of existing
theoretical and conceptual debates, and to propose a conceptualization of
thriving applicable across different populations and domains; (ii) to
consolidate pertinent bodies of extant thriving research and identify key
personal and contextual enablers to inform applied practice; and (iii) to
identify noteworthy gaps within existing literature so as to make
recommendations for future research and, ultimately, support the development of
effective psychosocial interventions for thriving.
Purpose: The aim of this study is analyze the importance of educational change for the effectiveness of organizational development and the role of organizational development in the processes of ...human development today, in the context of the information society and extreme social networking.
Theoretical framework: Russia’s war against Ukraine has pushed up demand for (new) administrative processes. But this did not negate the need for institutions to develop their potential using various, for example digital tools, and to constantly improve the quality of educational services in the context of extreme conditions and extraordinary circumstances.
Design/methodology/approach: Development of education creates new opportunities for the development of human potential for extreme social networking.
Findings: The approaches of joint creative activity of the participants of the educational process (in the context of security challenges) as effective means that create an unfavorable context for educational changes are determined. It is emphasized that the development of human potential depends on the ability of education to be flexible to the needs of the information society. It is determined that the transformation of the social institute of education requires radical changes in the training of a new generation of managers with a high level of professionalism, culture, innovative creative thinking.
Research, Practical & Social implications: It is found out that a set of theories of organizational development is submitted methodologically capacious for creation of conceptual models of management of educational changes.
Originality/value: Reasonably scientific bases of educational changes as objects of public management are characterized by tendentiousness of public management of educational changes on the basis of collective nature.
The article provides an assessment of the quality of human potential, which includes the use of the most effective indicator, on the basis of which it is possible to analyze the standard of living of ...citizens - the human development index, in relation to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In the course of the analysis, priority directions for the development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were identified and regularities were determined. The elements on the basis of which one can judge the quality of human potential in modern economic and social conditions are considered and defined. The purpose of the study is to analyze and evaluate the relationship between the components of the quality of human potential and development indicators of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The objectives of the study are to form an assessment of the quality of human potential in the context of the regional economy, using the HDI indicator. In the course of the study, methods of a general scientific and special nature were used: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction and deduction. In the course of the study, it was possible to form a model consisting of several indicators, on the basis of which a conclusion was made about the existing level of human potential of citizens of the Russian Federation. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results in shaping the development paths of the regions of the Russian Federation.
The dominant direct physical processes responsible for desertification are water erosion, wind erosion and salinization. Other threats that degrade the soil include loss of biodiversity, loss of soil ...organic matter, fire, changing water resources, soil compaction, soil sealing and contamination. Soil management inevitably combines human and physical effects. Climate, which is the most important driver of the physical systems, is now being rapidly modified by human action, and at a scale which is much coarser than any local remedial action. In a model of near-subsistence systems, productivity is limited by climate and available labour, with some options for additional inputs through improved seed, fertilizer or tillage equipment. Optimum solutions in a particular environment depend on both climate and access to markets. Agricultural surpluses, if any, allow investment in infrastructure – some of it directly supporting agriculture through irrigation and market systems, some less directly useful through, for example, warfare or pyramid building. Today some traditional drivers of desertification, based on subsistence agriculture and grazing, may have become less relevant, as land, particularly in the global South, is developed for intensive irrigated farming, and populations move into mega-cities. The dominant drivers may become soil sealing around cities and transfers of urban and irrigation water. In semi-arid areas this will lead to competition for the best land – for urban expansion and agricultural land with irrigation potential. Desertification then becomes an issue increasingly focussed on abandoned marginal land, maintaining biodiversity, managing regional water resources and controlling erosion in the face of global climate change.
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•Desertification is discussed in the context of a mixed subsistence/cash economy.•A model estimates labour surplus as a function of climate, fertiliser and population.•The model is applied for both arable and pastoral economies.•Labour surplus provides for re-investment in the land or improving infrastructure.•Can arid lands be sustainably managed in an urbanising world?
Purpose: clarification of the concept “human potential of rural areas”, development of the methodology for assessing the human potential of rural areas based on the study of constraining development ...factors. Materials and methods: a monographic method to highlight the development potentials and clarify the concept of “human potential”, an economic and statistical method to calculate the consolidated human potential index, as well as analysis and synthesis methods have been used. Results: the dynamic transformation of the market economy requires not only the availability of modern technologies, but also the provision of development with qualified personnel. Human potential accumulates the capabilities of managerial and labor decisions in accordance with the existing external conditions. Rural areas have a certain labor “reserve” that can be determined through human potential. An analysis of the potential of the territory and the institutional environment determines the development opportunities, and the assessment makes it possible to determine the need to attract or constraint labor resources. The development of human potential takes place under the influence of the external environment, and the formation of favorable conditions is an important task of regional development. There are many concepts for assessing human potential, but a holistic concept of criteria has not been formed. The index assessment of the factors restraining development makes it possible to determine the potential of the territory. The following were selected as the main estimated indicators reflecting the main constraining factors: employment of population, wages of population, coverage of children with preschool education, available social space per person, the share of the working-age population, life expectancy, the share of private enterprises in the total number of operating enterprises. Comparison of indicators of rural areas is carried out with data on the city, which makes it possible to identify the optimal criteria for human potential. Conclusions: the proposed methodology for assessing human potential based on indices makes it possible to monitor and quickly respond to the needs of a changing external environment. Based on the methodology for assessing the composite human potential index, problems and constraints on development were identified. The rural area lags behind in almost all indicators from the urban one, which requires solving the problems of creating a favorable environment for the life and work of the able-bodied rural population.
Careers exist in a societal context that offers both constraints and opportunities for career actors. Whereas most studies focus on proximal individual and/or organisational‐level variables, we ...provide insights into how career goals and behaviours are understood and embedded in the more distal societal context. More specifically, we operationalise societal context using the career‐related human potential composite and aim to understand if and why career goals and behaviours vary between countries. Drawing on a model of career structuration and using multilevel mediation modelling, we draw on a survey of 17,986 employees from 27 countries, covering nine of GLOBE's 10 cultural clusters, and national statistical data to examine the relationship between societal context (macrostructure building the career‐opportunity structure) and actors' career goals (career mesostructure) and career behaviour (actions). We show that societal context in terms of societies' career‐related human potential composite is negatively associated with the importance given to financial achievements as a specific career mesostructure in a society that is positively related to individuals' proactive career behaviour. Our career mesostructure fully mediates the relationship between societal context and individuals' proactive career behaviour. In this way, we expand career theory's scope beyond occupation‐ and organisation‐related factors.
This paper examines the psychology of existential guilt with Martin Heidegger and Rollo May’s conceptualizations as the point of departure. The concept of existential guilt describes preconditions ...for responsibility and accountability in life choices and the relationship to the potential given in the life of a human. It might also be used as a starting point to examine an individual’s relationship to the potential offered in their life and life context and, in this way, the hitherto unlived life of an individual. The following questions are discussed in contexts of identity development, perfectionism, and current cultural shifts in conceptualizations of selfhood: How can humans relate to the fact that only limited parts of who they might be can ever be actualized? Moreover, how can they relate to the fundamental ambiguity and “groundlessness” in the contexts of life where choices are made? There are striking parallels between the role of exploration in the Eriksonian approaches to healthy identity development and the ontological groundlessness that stands out as a premise for existential guilt. There are also parallels between identity fore-closure and normative identity styles and “falling” into das Man in the existential framework. Perfectionistic ideals easily become an objectivization – and closure – of possible alternatives and choices. In contemporary theories of constructions of selfhood, the dangers of alienation from the community on the one hand and escape into what might become totalitarian collectivism on the other is pointed out. The contextualization of personal responsibility offered through the concept of existential guilt might address both dangers. It provides a perspective on how personal responsibility is embedded in contexts of human relationships, relationships to nature, and the finitude, freedom, uncertainties, and suffering that is given through human existence. Existential guilt can wake sorrow and regret over opportunities overlooked and lost. However, most of all, it can be seen as a drive toward repair in the relationship toward both oneself and the other. It takes the form of receptivity, an openness to a life not yet lived, and creative use of imagination.
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