Web Document Classification Using Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor Qazi, Aijazahamed; Goudar, Dr.R.H.; Hiremath, Dr.P.S.
International journal of innovative technology and exploring engineering,
09/2019, Letnik:
8, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
With surge in the number of documents across the internet, increasing the efficiency of any retrieval model is a challenging task. As non-relevant information is retrieved across the internet, ...increasing the accuracy of any search model is one of the research concerns. Fuzzy classification is broadly applied to address the search issue in search engines. Fuzzy logic provides a methodology to interpret natural language using membership functions. A variant of k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) called Fuzzy kNN is explored in this paper. This paper provides a comparative analysis of results obtained using kNN and Fuzzy kNN. The Fuzzy kNN results obtained show significant improvement.
While achieving reduced/good peak-to-average power (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is attractive, this must not be performed at the expense of the transmitted ...signal with over-reduced signal power, as it leads to degraded bit error ratio (BER). We introduce a uniform distribution approach to solving the PAPR reduction problem of OFDM signals and then use Lagrange multiplier (LM) optimization to minimize the number of iterations involved in an adaptive fashion. Due to the nonlinear attenuation of the PAPR reduction scheme, we compensate the output signal using a correlation factor that minimizes the error floor in the in-band distortion of the clipped signal using the minimum mean square error method so as to improve the BER performance. Three different methods are introduced each enabling PAPR reduction by clipping followed by filtering with no direct dependence on a clipping ratio parameter. We find that our approach significantly reduces the PAPR of the OFDM signals (especially with LM optimization) better than the conventional adaptive iterative clipping and filtering operating without LM optimization. Based on our proposed methods, we additionally outline two simple steps for achieving perfect PAPR reduction (i.e., 0 dB). We also evaluate the performance of the three new models over high power amplifier (HPA) for completeness; the HPA is found to induce negligible BER degradation effects on the processed signal compared with the unprocessed signal.
•A standard set of outcome assessments for burns of the hand is key.•International Classification of Functioning is a useful framework.•A draft was debated at the EBA, and a revision sent to ...participants for discussion.•A multidimensional set of outcome assessments in hand burns is now available.•This set adds to further research and practice.
Outcome assessment is essential to understand the impact and recovery of burns of the hand and tailor treatment. There is however, a large variety of measures and outcome assessment is often incomplete. The aim was therefore to initiate a set of outcome assessments for use in a clinical setting.
A concept set was drafted, based on the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, which distinguished two phases, three patient states and included both patient reported and clinical outcomes. Subsequently, potential assessments were allocated to the various outcomes. This concept was discussedduring the European Burns Association congress in 2013 and revised. The revision was sent to 65 colleagues from 28 institutions, accompanied by a survey.
Eleven surveys were returned from 16 persons representing 9 institutions from 6 countries. Based on the feedback, final revisions were made. Points raised were time investment and translations of not all assessments already available.
With multidisciplinary and international input, a multidimensional set of outcome assessments for burns of the hand has been established, covering almost all domains of functioning. This first step towards more uniform clinical evaluation, will contribute to knowledge on outcome and effectiveness of treatment of hand burns.
(1) Background: In recent years, reviewing studies of aquatic activities for children with developmental delays has been a complex task due to the multitude of indices and professional languages. (2) ...Aim: To determine if the ICF-CY framework can be used as the unifying language in AA studies of children with DD. (3) Methods: Part One-A systematic review of selected studies focusing on goals that were found to be positive. These goals were linked to the ICF-CY categories. Part Two-Review of all studies using the ICF-CY's functioning components. (4) Results: Most of the positive goals were properly linked to ICF-CY and made it possible to review the 71 articles in a uniform language. (5) Conclusions: It is feasible to use the ICF framework as a universal structure and language.
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) provides a coherent biopsychosocial view of health states. The ICF Core Sets were developed to facilitate and encourage ...the use of the ICF in clinical practice and research.
To examine the level of knowledge and use of the ICF and ICF Core Sets for musculoskeletal conditions among Saudi physical therapists.
Cross-sectional study.
We approached Saudi physical therapists (PTs) involved in managing patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Data were collected through an electronic survey consisting of multiple-choice questions related to the knowledge of the ICF, general ICF Core Sets and ICF Core Sets for musculoskeletal conditions.
A total of 203 PTs participated in this study. Seventy percent of PTs knew about the meaning of ICF, but only 33% recognized aspects of the ICF. For the osteoarthritis (OA) ICF Core Set, 71.9% had poor knowledge, and for the low back pain (LBP) ICF Core Set, 61.8% had poor knowledge.
The Saudi PTs surveyed in this study had a good level of knowledge about the meaning of the ICF; however, this knowledge appeared to be limited when they were asked about aspects of the ICF. They had poor knowledge of musculoskeletal ICF Core Sets but seemed to be more familiar with the LBP ICF Core Set compared to the OA ICF Core Set.
•Saudi PTs knew the meaning of the ICF but had a limited knowledge about its aspects.•Majority of Saudi PTs participated in this study reported not using the ICF.•Saudi PTs had a poor knowledge about musculoskeletal ICF Core Sets.•ICF is still not endorsed in rehabilitation and clinical settings in Saudi Arabia.
Haemophilia comprises a continuum of blood disorders that often include joint and muscular dysfunction, which may lead to a constellation of activity limitations and participation restrictions. ...However, there is scant research incorporating functional assessment scales into the common language provided by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This study aims to identify the ICF categories to include in an item bank of functioning aspects relevant for haemophilia.
A systematic search was carried out in July 2021 based on the PubMed MEDLINE, CLINICAL, and Cochrane databases for qualified articles, investigating haemophilia-specific scales and the scales recommended by the World Federation of Haemophilia (WFH) linked to ICF categories between 2001 and 2021. Well-trained healthcare professionals in the haemophilia field and ICF evaluation conducted group discussions to determine the ICF items for haemophilia.
A total of 112 out of 176 items measuring function were collected for the haemophilia ICF item bank, including 32 items for body function (b), 45 items for activity and participation (d), 27 items for environmental factors (e), and 8 items for body structure(s).
We recommend that future haemophilia research use the haemophilia-specific ICF item bank, which could capture a whole spectrum of functional measurements and facilitate multidisciplinary and worldwide communication. This study also indicates that further development and analysis of the psychometric properties of the 112 haemophilia-related ICF items is warranted.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system which can manifest in different forms, the most common being the relapsing remitting one (RRMS). Although high ...dose steroids are classically used for treating MS relapses, their impact on the excitability of cortical networks was rarely addressed.
21 RRMS patients completed the study. The evaluation took place before and after three day-treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone (1g per day). Cortical excitability measures were obtained by transcranial magnetic stimulation. The clinical assessment included Kurtzke Functional System Scale (KFSS), 10-m walk test, and measures of disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale) and fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale).
Significant decrease in short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and increase in intracortical facilitation (ICF) were observed following steroids administration. The latter resulted also in a significant improvement in motor function, and a trend toward reduction in fatigue score and amelioration of sensory and cerebellar functions. No significant changes were found regarding disability or 10-min walk.
Steroids might result in a very fast functional improvement in motor function by inducing ‘functional’ changes in the axonal membrane excitability, early before any ‘structural’ process of axonal regeneration and/or remyelination would take place. Steroids seem to modulate the intracortical synaptic plasticity by enhancing the intracortical glutamatergic facilitation and hampering the GABAergic inhibition.
During MS relapses, steroids could lead to functional improvement by modulating inhibitory and facilitatory cortical circuits.
SICI and ICF could serve as potential biomarkers for treatment response.
Assessing functioning of children on the autism spectrum is necessary to determine the level of support they require to participate in everyday activities across contexts. The International ...Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a comprehensive biopsychosocial framework recommended for classifying health-related functioning in a holistic manner, across the components of body functions, activities and participation, and environmental factors. The ICF Core Sets (ICF-CSs) are sub-sets of relevant codes from the broader framework that provide a basis for developing condition-specific measures. This study combined the ICF-CSs for autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cerebral palsy (CP) to validate the ICF-CSs for autism in an Australian sample of school-aged children. This cross-sectional study involved caregivers of school-aged children on the spectrum (n = 70) completing an online survey and being visited in their homes by an occupational therapist to complete the proxy-report measure based on the ICF-CSs for autism, ADHD and CP. Absolute and relative frequencies of ratings for each of the codes included in the measure were calculated and reported, along with the number of participants who required clarification to understand the terminology used. Findings indicate that the body functions and activities and participation represented in the ICF-CSs for autism were the most applicable for the sample. However, findings relating to environmental factors were less conclusive. Some codes not currently included in the ICF-CSs for autism may warrant further investigation, and the language used in measures based on the ICF-CSs should be revised to ensure clarity.
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