Andragoška spoznanja se v tokratni številki ukvarjajo s sodobnim pomenom temeljev radikalnega izobraževanja odraslih ter obstoječih in nastajajočih prostorov in iniciativ radikalnega izobraževanja ...odraslih, katerih skupni cilj je kritično proučiti sodobne neenakosti, ki jih ustvarjajo neoliberalne politike migracij in neenaki režimi mobilnosti, ter se boriti proti njim. Prispevki se osredotočajo na pobude, ki vključujejo elemente radikalnega izobraževanja v najširšem smislu in ki jih (so)oblikujejo migranti in begunci ter druge skupine, obravnavane kot migrantske ali manjšinske, ter na pobude, katerih cilj je progresivno poseganje v realnost, ki jo raziskujejo prispevki.
Cilj ovog rada bio je pripremiti poli(3-hidroksibutirat)/montmorilonit (PHB/MMT) kompozite na laboratorijskoj preši uz zagrijavanje te odrediti utjecaj različitih modelnih otopina na kompozite i ...migraciju punila. Analiza modelnih otopina nakon ispitivanja migracije provedena je pomoću UV/Vis spektroskopije. Zbog utvrđene hidrolize PHB-a pod utjecajem modelnih otopina nemoguće je odrediti migraciju MMT-a iz kompozita PHB/MMT. Diferencijalna pretražna kalorimetrija (DSC) potvrdila je razgradnju PHB-a. Provedenim istraživanjem ukazalo se na potencijal uporabe UV/Vis spektroskopije kod ispitivanja utjecaja modelnih otopina na polimerne kompozite.
The aim of this work was to prepare poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/montmorillonite (PHB/MMT) composites on the laboratory press with heating, and to determine the influence of different food simulants on the composites and the filler migration. Analysis of the food simulants after migration testing was conducted with UV/Vis spectroscopy. Due to the established hydrolysis of PHB under the influence of the food simulants, it was impossible to determine the migration of MMT from PHB/MMT composites. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the degradation of PHB. This research showed the potential of UV/Vis spectroscopy in dealing with the influence of food simulants on polymer composites.
Rad obrađuje temu globalnih migracija u suvremenoj španjolskoj drami na prijelazu stoljeća, od 90-ih godina XX. do prvog desetljeća XXI. stoljeća, kada uočavamo sve veći broj dramskih djela koja ...tematiziraju probleme s kojima se susreće multikulturalno španjolsko društvo. Unutar danog povijesnog konteksta utvrđuju se tematske smjernice dramskih djela u kojima motivi poput marginalizacije, rasizma i netolerancije prema strancima ocrtavaju sliku šire kulturne pozadine i sveprisutnu polarizaciju španjolskog društva. Analiziraju se motivi koji tvore migrantski diskurs te žanrovske osobitosti dramskih djela na tragu postmodernizma, pri čemu se naglasak stavlja na dekonstrukciju nacionalnog narativa na kojem se gradi predodžba stabilnog kulturnog identiteta u opreci prema Drugome.
This paper studies the topic of global migrations in contemporary Spanish drama atthe turn of the century, from the 1990s until the first decade of the 21st century, aperiod in which we can observe an increasing number of plays that face the problem ofmulticultural Spanish society. The thematic and structural characteristics of the dramaticcorpus show how playwrights participate in social debate and inscribe new signs into the Spanish cultural space. Firstly, we describe the historical, cultural and social context of Spanish opening to migration flows from the European Union, Africa, Latin America and Asia. Secondly, the paper analyses how new circumstances affect the appearance of topics related to migration and Otherness as a complex phenomenon that combines geographical, social, economic, cultural and historical aspects united by the concept of national identity. The research reveals that the frequent motives of marginalization, intolerance and violence express an attitude towards foreigners, but at the same time outline the picture of the broader cultural background and ubiquitous polarization of Spanish society. In addition, we observe that the plays question the migrant discourse based on the motifs of borders, travel, memory and forgetting as the opposition to the chronologically structured national (hi)story. The playwrights question the status of the individual in the new geopolitical, social and cultural circumstances, as well as the sustainability of the monolithic national narrative within the new global order. One part of the dramatic opus also uses postmodern techniques in the deconstruction of that official narrative, whereby the emphasis is placed on the deconstruction of the national discourse on which the idea of a stable cultural identity is built in opposition to the foreign, that is, the Other.
Dominantan oblik distribucije radijskog programa u Republici Hrvatskoj i dalje je zemaljska distribucija analognog signala. Međutim, digitalno doba nudi alternativu, poput internetske distribucije ...i digitalnog radija (DAB+). Prva faza konvergencije hrvatske radiodifuzije dovršena je već samom uspostavom radijskih mrežnih stranica koje zahvaljujući streamingu mogu distribuirati sadržaj svagdje gdje postoji pokrivenost internetom. Prva koncesija za komercijalni DAB+ radio u Republici Hrvatskoj dodijeljena je u veljači 2022., a emitiranje je počelo u kolovozu iste godine. Ključan preduvjet dohvata sadržaja tako distribuiranih radijskih programa jesu digitalni uređaji, poput računala i pametnih telefona, te kućni i automobilski digitalni prijamnici. Rad donosi nalaze istraživanja o migraciji radijskih slušatelja s tradicionalnih uređaja (analognih prijamnika) prema slušanju na digitalnim platformama u Republici Hrvatskoj. Naime, iako nema najava o eventualnom isključenju analogne mreže, može se očekivati da će digitalne opcije za dohvat radijskih programa biti sve više korištene. Prema rezultatima istraživanja, prvog takve vrste u nas, migracija je zasad mala (oko 13 %) i spora, ali kontinuirana. Konvergencija radijskog medija odvija se i onda kada za nju ne postoje strateški određeni preduvjeti jer sazrijevanje generacija koje su odrastale u „oba svijeta” sustavno smanjuje nekadašnji „generacijski jaz” u digitalnim znanjima i kompetencijama, što olakšava tranziciju od analognih prema digitalnim uređajima za slušanje radijskih programa.
The dominant form of radio programme distribution in the Republic of Croatia is still based on terrestrial analogue signal distribution. However, the digital age provides alternatives such as Internet distribution and digital radio (DAB+). The first phase of the convergence of Croatian radio broadcasting has already been completed with the very establishment of radio websites that, thanks to streaming, can distribute content wherever there is Internet coverage. The first concession for commercial DAB+ radio in the Republic of Croatia was granted in February 2022, and broadcasting began in August of the same year. The key prerequisite for retrieving radio programmes broadcast by means of this technology are digital devices such as computers, smartphones, as well as home and car digital receivers. The paper presents research findings on the migration of radio listeners from traditional devices (analogue receivers) to listening to the radio on digital platforms in Croatia. Although there are no announcements about the eventual shutdown of the analog network, it can be expected that digital options for retrieving radio channels will increasingly be used. According to the results, migration is still small (about 13%) and slow, yet continuous. It is worth noting that this research is also the first of its kind in Croatia. The convergence of the radio media takes place even when there are no strategic prerequisites for it because the maturing of generations that grew up in “both worlds” systematically reduces the former “generational gap” in terms of digital knowledge and competences, which facilitates the transition from analogue to digital devices for listening to the radio.
This book brings together research on various aspects of environmental migration in the context of international law, with a particular focus on the emergence and development of regulation in the ...field of environmental migration at the global and regional levels. It discusses a theoretical framework for international regulation of environmental migration, analysing the notion and legal status of environmental migrants, categories of environmentally displaced persons, problems of legal regulation in the field of environmental migration at the international level, as well as specific circumstances of international labour migration induced by environmental factors. The annexes here bring together the most important international acts governing various aspects of forced and labour migration. As such, the book will appeal to international law experts, students, post-graduate students, researchers, and the general reader interested in international migration law.
The paper analyses the migration and ethnocultural processes in the Kosinj Valley in western Lika, which peaked during and immediately after the end of the Great Turkish War at the end of the 17th ...century and the start of the 18th century. During that time, the area became the intersection of the primary early modern migration flows in this part of the imperial multiple borderlands – southeast and northwest – with their diverse religious (Roman Catholics, Orthodox Christians), linguistic (neo-Shtokavian Ijekavian and Ikavian, Chakavian, and transitional Chakavian- Kajkavian), traditional (Dinaric, Adriatic, Pannonian, Eastern Alpine), and socioeconomic characteristics (frontiersmen/peasants, pastoral/agrarian). Each ethnocultural component was internally heterogeneous, characterised by distinct layers shaped by migrations across the turbulent imperial borderlands from the 16th to the 18th centuries. This led to various interactions and intermingling of cultural traditions, ethnic elements, languages, and dialects. It is concluded that the state military-provincial and Chamber authorities played a dominant role in these processes, directly or indirectly encouraging and directing migration flows for geopolitical and economic reasons. Therefore, from the outset, these migratory movements were characterised by planned military and agrarian colonisation. They favoured Catholic elements originating from Habsburg territories. Phenomenologically, they closely parallel the Vlach colonization of the Kosinj Valley a century earlier, which was conducted and directed by Ottoman authorities. Migrations in the turbulent border area of conflicting empires, with the Kosinj Valley at its centre for over 160 years, exhibited distinct dynamics. It was a region marked by intense emigration and immigration of defectors, including internal, external, or cross-border, and return migrations. The 16th and 17th centuries witnessed intense migration that began to subside only at the beginning of the 18th century. Namely, very few families in the 17th century had the chance to live in one place for three generations. The sons and grandsons of the Croats who fled to Carniola returned to Croatian territory in Gorski Kotar, only for the second generation of returnees to move to Lika. Similar return migrations are also observed among the Croats, Vlachs, and Bunjevci from Ogulin. To understand the settlement process, certain internal aspects of differentiated rural society also need to be considered. It is no coincidence that the elders, who were also leaders of migrations, often acquired the largest plots of land and formed the most numerous families in their new homeland. The same applies to Vlach elder families who, on both sides of the old border, retained their prestigious role as village leaders. In that period, the basic outlines of the modern ethnocultural structure of the Kosinj region were formed. The region became an intersection of primary migration flows in the Early Modern Period: the Vlach-Bunjevac, originating from the deep southeastern Dinaric interior, and the Croatian-Carniolan from the northwest, which also included elements originating in the eastern Alpine region. Their protagonists were early modern ethnic groups such as Vlachs, Croats, Carniolans and Bunjevci, who differed from each other along several criteria: socio-economic status, livelihoods, religious affiliation, dialects, family models and cultural areas. They all had in common that each ethnic group was internally heterogeneous and multi-layered. For instance, among the Vlachs, we observe traces of the old Balkan layer, Croats from Ogulin display Carniolan and Uskok-Vlach elements, Carniolan Croats exhibit Slovenian and German influences, and the Bunjevci include Orthodox Vlach converts. Vlachs from Kosinj historically migrated from East Herzegovina. They were part of the “Glamoč” and “Dinaric” migration flows, much like the majority of the Orthodox Vlach population that settled in Lika during the 16th century. Only a small fraction of the newly arrived population was strategically settled by Ottoman authorities across vast areas along their northwestern border, spanning from the Adriatic hinterland to the Drava River between 1550 and 1560. Serb Orthodoxy, neo-Shtokavian Ijekavian (also known as the East Herzegovina-Krajina dialect), seasonal transhumance, and the pastoral-patriarchal culture of the Dinaric area are elements that made them distinctive and distinguishable from their surroundings. After breaking away from their origins in southeastern Herzegovina during the early migrations of the 15th and 16th centuries, they followed a unique development trajectory that shaped a distinct “krajiški” (borderland) type within this historical ethnocultural group in their new habitats across northwestern Ottoman, and later Habsburg and Venetian territories. In 1689, Croatian Krajišnici (frontiersmen) from the Ogulin captaincy settled in Lower Kosinj, situated on the northern edge of a valley that today comprises the hamlets of Sveti Ivan, Draškovići, Selište, Rudine, Klobučari, and Goljak. They were part of the Croatian Chakavian population, specifically peasant soldiers who congregated around borderland fortresses in Ogulin, Oštarije, and Modruš during the 17th century. Some of their Chakavian linguistic features have been preserved to this day in the hamlets of Goljak, Rudinka, and Selište. The ethno-demographic structure of these Croats, which emerged during the first half of the 17th century, shows a tripartite composition. It comprised natives of Modruš, newcomers and/or returnees from Vinodol and Carniola, along with various branches of the Uskok-Vlach migration flows, predominantly migrants from Senj. In 1689, approximately 40 settler families from Gorski Kotar or the borders of Carniola settled the land along the Bakovac stream, extending all the way to its confluence with the Lika River. This area encompasses present-day Upper Kosinj, including the hamlets of Sušanj, Podjelar, and Poljanka, as well as the region of Bakovac and its hamlets Ribnik and Ruja. In most cases, these were descendants of the Croatian population who fled to Carniola in the 16th century. Therefore, it is more appropri¬ate to refer to this segment of the Catholic population in Kosinj in the pre-modern sense as “Carniolan Croats” despite the presence of some Slovenian and German elements among them. Secondly, it is necessary to differentiate between narrower and broader contexts of the usage of the Carniolan ethnicity within Lika itself. Carniolans, in the narrower sense, are represented by these settlers from Gorski Kotar, who were dependent peasants settled in Lika by the Inner Austrian Court Chamber, which introduced its chamber system there. In a broader sense, this ethnic term became a general label for Catholics in the Karlovac Generalate, particularly among the Orthodox population of Lika and Kordun. Bunjevci, also known as “Catholic Vlachs”, who settled in the Kosinj Valley, belonged to the so-called “Krmpote branch”. They were Catholic Vlachs originating from West Herzegovina who gradually migrated northwest, following the Dinaric migration flow along the Dinara and Velebit mountains during the 16th and 17th centuries. Due to their Herzegovian roots, history of Ottoman subjugation, Vlach social structure, pastoral and patriarchal cultural traditions of the Dinaric area (the culture of “dark cloth and gusle”), and the linguistic features of neo-Shtokavian Ikavian dialect, they exhibited cultural affinities with schismatic Vlachs in Lika. Special attention is given to the historical anthroponymy of the inhabitants of Kosinj, which verifies the aforementioned dynamics. Archival materials, including various documents, lists, and registers, provide valuable insights into their origins, movements, and distribution. Surnames among the Catholic population were documented considerably earlier, allowing for continuous tracing, especially among Croats from Ogulin and Carniola, dating back to the 15th and 16th centuries. The surnames of Orthodox families in Kosinj, and to a lesser extent Bunjevci families, can only be traced from their appearance in the Karlovac Generalate records, which means at best from the 17th century. The structural formation and meaning of surnames in Kosinj largely align with the dialectal and sociocultural characteristics of ethnic groups. Essentially, we can identify two anthroponymic origins: Croatian-Carniolan and Vlach-Bunjevac. It should be noted that surnames became established significantly earlier among Catholics, starting from the decisions of the Council of Trent in 1563, which introduced the practice of church registers for baptisms (Liber baptizatorum), marriages (Liber copulatorum), and deaths (Liber mortuorum). The Roman Ritual of 1614 mandated and required the keeping of parish family books known as Status animarum (“State of Souls”) in each parish. Combining it with other sources makes it significantly easier to reconstruct the migration patterns and dispersion of certain Catholic families of Croats and Carniolans, unlike the Bunjevci and especially the Vlachs, who were under Ottoman rule for a long time. By incorporating certain Croatian families that were once part of the middle and lower nobility, anthroponymic continuity is fully established. The Orthodox Church only began to introduce records of its congregation in the 18th century, prompted by the Habsburg Monarchy. First, through parish Domovni protokoli (Household protocols) in the mid-18th century, which listed Orthodox families in specific parishes, but it was only with the Regulament (Regulation) of 1770 that the introduction of parish registers began, mirroring the practice of the Catholic Church. However, in most Orthodox parishes in the Eparchy of Upper Karlovac, this practice was not adopted until the first half of the 19th century. Therefore, it’s not possible to trace most of Kosi
Rad je nastao na osnovi analiza važnijih tema euroazijske povijesti uz osvrt na poznate ‘’putove svile’’. Iako su autori ponajprije nastojali upoznati čitateljstvo s manje poznatim povijesnim temama, ...ukratko su komentirali djelo Petera Frankopana o “putovima svile” te su iznijeli neke vlastite ideje u vezi s koncepcijama iz povijesti Srednje Azije, ili srednje Euroazije, i to od paleolitika preko srednjega vijeka, sve do moderne epohe. U radu je i osvrt na ideje o nastanku svile te na rane azijske seobe, pogotovo u fazi indoiranske ekspanzije. Autori su dali i opći pregled strukture i povijesti stepe te razvoj kulturnih i trgovačkih veza. Preko stepe su se proširili turkijski i mongolski narodi, što se ističe u ovoj analizi, kao i dolazak mongolske vojske u Europu, koji je utjecao na pojavu velike epidemije kuge (Crne smrti) te događaje vezane uz razvoj Osmanske države, ekspanziju Europe i druge moderne pojave. Na kraju su kratki osvrti o modernim događajima u Euroaziji, što je važno za bolje razumijevanje sadašnjosti, iako je bilo nekih nedavnih negativnih procesa koje je trebalo (i još treba) nadvladati da bi se svijet ravnomjerno, ili čak vrlo pozitivno., razvijao. U radu su i primjeri iz hrvatske povijesti, u širem kontekstu vezani uz euroazijske teme.
Temporalnost humanitarne skrbi Pozniak, Romana
Narodna umjetnost,
12/2023, Letnik:
60, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Praksama i politikama humanitarne skrbi u okviru aktualnog režima migracija u Hrvatskoj, ali i u širem kontekstu europske (semi)periferije, ovaj rad pristupa kroz analitičku prizmu koncepta ...temporalnosti. Pritom se fokusira na individualnu i iskustvenu razinu humanitarnoga rada, ali i na šire shvaćen proces humanitarizacije skrbi i s njim povezane transformacije uloge i položaja humanitarnih organizacija. Uzimajući u obzir autoričino višegodišnje iskustvo istraživanja humanitarnoga rada i nevladinih organizacija angažiranih na pružanju pomoći izbjeglicama / tražiteljima azila / osobama u pokretu, članak pokazuje različite načine na koje temporalni aspekti humanitarnoga angažmana zrcale politike upravljanja migracijama. Izdvajajući tri primjera iz provedenog etnografskog istraživanja, rad propituje kako temporalno analitičko usmjerenje doprinosi tumačenju uloge humanitarizma u režimima migracija. Prvi primjer tiče se organizacijske održivosti humanitarnih inicijativa, drugi primjer adresira zatiranje trajne kategorije skrbnoga rada u humanitarnom sektoru, a treći primjer analizira humanitarnu stanicu kod Paromlina kao dio temporalnoga upravljanja migracijskim kretanjima.
This paper deals with practices and policies of humanitarian care within the current migration regime in Croatia and the broader European periphery from the point of view of temporality. It focuses on the individual and experiential level of humanitarian work, as well as the broader process of humanitarization of care and the related transformation of the role and position of humanitarian organizations. Taking into account the author’s years of experience in studying humanitarian work and non-governmental organizations that provide assistance to refugees/asylum seekers/people on the move, this article presents different ways in which temporal aspects of humanitarian work reflect the policies of migration management. Three examples from ethnographic research are examined in this regard, and the article focuses on how an analysis of temporal aspects can contribute to interpreting the role of humanitarianism in migration regimes. The first example relates to organizational sustainability of humanitarian initiatives, the second addresses the eradication of the permanent category of caring work in the humanitarian sector and the third example presents an analysis of a humanitarian station near Paromlin as part of temporal management of migration movements.
Humanitarka i distro Mucko, Bojan
Narodna umjetnost,
06/2023, Letnik:
60, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Tekst je refleksija o istraživačkom pristupu europskom režimu iregulariziranih migracija baziranom na participaciji u humanitarno-aktivističkim aktivnostima u kontekstu obilježenom normalizacijom ...nasilja na periferiji Europske unije. Vernakularnim humanitarnim praksama odozdo prilazim etnografski, povezivanjem (umjetničkog, izvaninstitucionalnog) rada u getoiziranom zagrebačkom romskom naselju s promigrantskim volonterskim angažmanom u Unsko-sanskom kantonu Bosne i Hercegovine (u znanstvenom, institucionalnom okviru). Humanitarizmu pristupam kritički, istovremeno i kao momentu desubjektivizacije i bitnom koraku širih, društveno inkluzivnih procesa. Istraživačka praksa u kontekstu kriminalizacije solidarnosti podrazumijevala je navigaciju kroz metodološki nepredvidive situacije, fluidno, sklisko, uslojeno pozicioniranje, identitetske sive zone, disciplinarne i normativne liminalnosti. Posljedične ambivalentnosti percipiram kao dio otvorenog istraživačkog procesa nerazlučivog od vlastite svakodnevice perforirane režimom migracija.
This article presents a reflection on the research into the European irregular migration regime based on my humanitarian and activist work in a context where violence is normalized on the periphery of the European Union. My approach to vernacular humanitarianism from below is ethnographic in nature, combining my (artistic, non-institutional) work in a ghettoized Zagreb Roma settlement with my pro-migrant volunteer engagement in the Una-Sana Canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina (within a scholarly, institutional framework). I adopt a critical approach to humanitarianism, seeing it as both a moment of desubjectivization and an essential step in broader socially inclusive processes. The context of criminalizing solidarity meant that the research practice included navigating through methodologically unpredictable situations, such as fluid, slippery, layered positioning, identity gray zones, disciplinary and normative liminality. I see the resulting ambivalences as part of an open research process indistinguishable from my own everyday life penetrated by the migration regime.
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